Large Numbers Write the following numbers in words. (a) 4,64,364 (b) 84,345 () 43, 683 (4) 4,36, 947 (e) 7,45,256 2. Write numerals for each of the following number names: (a) Five lakh thirty-three thousand two hundred thirty-three (b} Seven lakh eighty-five thousand one hundred ninety-one (c)_ Seven lakh twenty-one thousand three hundred seventy-one (d) Four lakh fify-sixthousand three hundred twenty-four Fillin the blanks. (a) Asymbolisnever repeated morethan___ times. (b) Thesymbol____canbe subtracted fromL and C only. (c)_ The symbol and are never repeated. (4) Thesymbols___,___and__arenever subtracted Rounding the following numbers to the nearest 10, 100 and 1000. (a) 292 rounded othe nearest 10is. — (b) 4369 rounded the nearest 10s (c)_ 18509 rounded tothe nearest 100s. (d) 70853 rounded tothe nearest 100is. Mathematics Part-5 &7-DIGIT NUMBERS lam Vikram. | live in Hyderabad. My city has 15, 63, 846 people. | need help to read this big number! 15, 63, 846 is a 7-digit number. The largest 6-digit numbers Ifyou add 1 to it : It becomes ten lakh 10, 00,000 | 10, 00, 000isten lakh. These digits tell you how many lakhs 15, 63, 846 These digits <7 “C+ These digits tell you how tell youhow many lakhs many thousands 15 lakh 63 thousand 846 Fifteen lakh sixty-three thousand eight hundred forty-six. Now | can read the number: Example: Take the number 27,68,435. Solution: Lakhs Thousands Ones <— Period TL L TTh Th H T O |<-Period 2 7 6 8 4 3 5) InWords: Twenty-seven lakh, sixty-eight thousand, four hundred thirty-five Expanded Notation: 20,00,000 + 7,00,000 + 60,000 + 8,000 + 400 + 30 +5 a * 27,00,000 68,000 435 t t t y 27,68,000 Did you know? A7-digit number begins ot 27,68,435 the ten lakhs place. 6 Mathematics Part-58-DIGIT NUMBERS lam Simran. Ilive in Bangalore. Bangalore has a population of 2, 75, 00, 532. Ineed help to read this big number! 2,75, 00, 532s an eight digit number. The largest 7-digitnumberis —————-> 99, 99, 999 Ifyou add 1 to it ——_—_—— +1] Itbecomes one hundred lakh ———>, 00, 00, 000 One hundred lakh is also called 1 crore. 1,00, 00, 000 is one hundred lakh: These digits tells you how many crores. 2, 75, 00, 532 od Now I can read the number: eo, vou. be Thesedigits Thegedigits These Wigits tell 2erore 75 lakh 532 tells how tellyouhow — youhowmany manycrores many lakhs thousands Two crore seventy five lakh five hundred thirty two Example: Take the number 9, 27,68,435 Solution: Crores| Lakhs [Thousands] Ones c | mu | t |tth[ th) H|T)|O : 9/2 7/6 8|4 3 5 | o& 9 27 68 435 9 crores 27 lakhs 68 thousand | [ 4 hundreds 9,00,00,000) |20,00,000 + 7,00,000} | 60,000 + 8,000 3 tens 5 ones InWords: Nine crore twenty-seven lakh sixty-eight thousand four hundred thirty-five Expanded Notation: 9,00,00,000 + 20,00,000 + 7,00,000 + 60,000 + 8,000 + 400 +30+5 Mathematics Part-5 79-DIGIT NUMBERS 1am Manoj. | live in Kolkata. My city has 32, 52, 69, 419 people. I need help to read this big number! 32,52, 69,419 is anine digit number. The largest 8-digit numberis —————<> 9, 99, 99, 999 Ifyou add 1 toit - +1 Itbecomes one hundred thousand ———>10, 00, 00, 000 One thousand lakh is also called 10 crore. 10, 00, 00, 000isten crore Now I can read the number: These digits tells you how many crores. 32, 52, 69, 419 Thesedigits Thetedigits Thesedigitstell 32 crore 52lakh 69 419. tells how tellyouhow — youhow many thousand manycrores = manylakhs ‘thousands Thirty-two crore fifty-two lakh sixty-nine thousand four hundred nineteen. Example: Take the number 46,44,13,461 Solution: (mawereey Lakhs [Thousands| Ones TC Cc TL L TTh| Th H T Oo 4 6 4 4 1 3 4 6 1 46 44 13 461 ee 4 4 oer 44 lakhs [ennomancems| (RCSnRMcres '40,00,00,000) | 40,00,000 + 400,000} | 10,000 + 3,000 46 tens 1 ones ‘+ 6,00,00,000 In Words: Forty-six crore forty-four lakh thirteen thousand four hundred sixty-one Expanded Notation: 40,00,00,000 +6, 00,00,000 + 40,00,000 + 400,000 + 10,000 + 3,000 + 400 + 60+1 8 Mathematics Part-5INDIAN PLACE VALUE CHART In India the following system of numeration is used: Crores Lakhs Thousands Ones m qn 3 3 4 55 5 sg | 2) 58] 3 4 g é 56 9 g 3 3S 5 es) § |*3) 3 | "38 ] 2 5 & 6 2) 2 2 e | € g 2 3 2 Se | Se | Se | 8# 2 Sa oD oe QD a So | 8a | 8a | ga a rN Sa on Ro = 3 8 je S 8 2 ero ON GOVANEL Period of 2 places) || Feriodof2 places Revstl iO pleco number of places Count and commas Ifthere are 3 commas ina number, it will start with crores, like 3,45,67,897. Ifthere are 2 commas in a number, it will start with lakhs, like 12,76,784. Ifthere is 1 comma in a number, itwill start from thousands, like 14,789. Examplel: A banker has collected rupees five crore twenty-three thousand one. How will you write this? Solution: — Asyou see, there is no lakh in this amount. To make it easy, draw a place value chart and place the digits in it. Since there is no digits of ten lakhs, lakhs, hundreds and tens, put the zeros for them. EG g TL L Th Th H T ° 5 9 0 2 3 0 0 1 So, five crore twenty-three thousand one is written as 5,00,23,001. Example2: Acity has a population of ten crore twenty lakh eleven. How will you write this? Solution: Asyou observe, there is no thousands or hundreds. Do as you did earlier. Mathematics Part-5EG G TL L TTh Th H T ° 1 0 2 0 1 Now, put zeros in place of thousands and hundreds. TC ie TL L Th Th H T ° 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 So, ten crore twenty lakh eleven written as 10,20,00,011. Example3: Write the following numbers in words. (a) 54,64,346 — (b) 7,84,24,345 (c) 94,36,83,974 Solution: (a) 54,64,346 = Fifty-four lakh sixty-four thousand three hundred forty- six (b) 7,84,24,345 = Seven crore eighty-four lakh twenty-four thousand three hundred forty-five. (c 94,36,83,947 = Ninety-four crore thirty-six lakh eighty-three thousand nine hundred forty-seven. SUCCESSOR AND PREDECESSOR Successor The number that comes just after a given number is called its successor. Example: 3 comes after 2, so 3 is successor of 2. So, if we add 1 to any number we get successor of that number e.g., the successor of 2,35,794 is 2,35,794 + 1 =2,35,795. Predecessor The number that comes just before a given number is called its predecessor. Example: 4 comes before 5, so 4 is predecessor of 5. So, if we subtract 1 from any number we get predecessor of that number e.g., the predecessor of 9,76,789 is 9,76,789- 1 =9,76,788. FACE VALUE AND PLACE VALUE Face value of a digitin a number The face value of a digit in a number is the digit itself. The face value of a digit does not depend on its position in the number. 10 Mathematics Part-5Example: Find the face valve of each digit in 9,31,56,478. /31,56,478. , Facevalueof7=7, Face value of 4 =4, Facevalue of6=6, Facevalueof5=5, Face value of | =1, Face value of 3=3, Face value of 9 =9. Place Value of a digit ina number Solution: Inthe number: Face value of 8 The place value of a digit in a number depends on its position in the number. We can use the following formula to find the place value of a digit in a number. Place value of a digit = face value x place the digits occupies in the number Example: Find out the place value of each digit in the number 16954738 and express it in the expanded form. Solution: c TL L Th Th H T ° 1 6 9 5 4 7 3 8 By this chart, we can write place valves of each digit in number 16954738 as: Place value of 8 = 8 ones = 8X 1=8 Place value of 3 = 3 tens = 3 x 10 = 30 Place value of 7 = 7 hundreds = 7 x 100 = 700 Place value of 4 = 4 thousands = 4 x 1000 = 4000 Place value of 5 = 5 ten thousands = 5 x 10000 = 50000 Place value of 9 = 9 lakhs = 9 x 100000 = 900000 Place value of 6 = 6 ten lakhs = 6 x 1000000 = 6000000 Place value of | = I crore = 1 x 10000000 = 10000000 EXPANDED FORM AND SHORT FORM OF A NUMBER Using the help of place values we can write the expanded form of a number. In expanded form, the number is written as the sum of the place values. Example: Write 7,93,40,524 in [¢{t[t fem tm[H [TO 7{9|314/}0/5]2]4 Place values expanded form. ql Solution: First find the place values pon of each digit in number. ° 40000 300000, ——————————— 9000000, |_______________. 79000000 Mathematics Part-5 1Hence, 7,93,40,524 = 7,00,00,000 + 90,00,000 + 3,00, 000 + 40,000 + 0 + 500 +20+4 The short form of 70000000 + 9000000 + 300000 + 40000 + 0 + 500 + 20 + 4is 7,93,40,524. 3. E xercise 1.1 Insert commas and rewrite in words according to the Indian system. (a) 212801 , (b) 416141 = , () 461124 = , (d) 544402 = ; Give the place value of the underlined di (a) 654649 (b) 545121 () 875841 (d) 545451 (e)._ 216043 () 754251 Give the standard numeral of the following number. (a) 6000000 + 200000 + 10000 + 4000 + 500 + 40+ 6 = (b) 5000000 + 400000 + 70000 + 6000 + 600 + 60 = (c) 4000000 + 700000 + 90000 + 1000 + 900 + 70+ 5= (d) 3000000 + 600000 + 30000 + 4000 + 300 + 80 = Fill the missing numerals to continue the pattern of the following. (a) 66,44,807 66,44,808 , , (b) 23,12,417 23,12,418 , , () 44,68,914 4468915, i, (d) 98,94,911 98,94,910 , , Build the greatest and smallest numbers you can make using all the (a) 4,8,6,4,3,6,3 (b) (c) 8,9,4,1,6,5 (d) 8,9,8,6,1,1,2 (ec) 9,8,9,7,4,6,8 () 3,2,1,4,5,3,1 Mathematics Part-5INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF NUMERATION Consider the number 475691. In our country, this number is read as: Four lakh seventy-five thousand six hundred ninety-one. In UK, it is read as: Four hundred seventy-five thousand six hundred ninety-one Internationally, numbers are read differently. Thus, they have a different place value chart. Itis called International place value chart. International Place Value Chart Millions Thousands Ones 2 o o es 2) 4 3 8 z é Be 2 2 m 28is2 | | 32] se] 8 3 g é g = = 23 3 8 3 s 6 = = 3 3 3 5 5 =e | ele = g 2 s 2g as Sz ee Sez eg of g Z£ ra Sm | sd | 8a | Se | 8a | 8a | 95 | oo | _2 Sa go sa ea oo 20 2a =o a oo > eo on eo =o c+ ” a = s S = Period of 3 places Period of 3 places Period of 3 places First 5-digit numbers are read in the same way in both the systems. The 6th digit is called lakh in Indian system while in International system it is called hundred thousand. The 7th digit is called ten lakh in Indian system and as million in International system. In International system, commas are placed after every third digit from the right as every period has three places. Hence, a 6-digit number has 1 comma and a 7-digit number has 2 commas. Example: Write the number 893246436 using commas in both the place value systems. Also write number name. Solution: Indian System: 89,32,46,436 = Eighty-nine crore thirty-two lakh forty-six thousand four hundred thirty-six. International System: 893,246,436 = Eight hundred ninety-three million two hundred forty-six thousand four hundred thirty-six. % Bid you knows To remember the number of zeros in million, itis shown as and read €@8 10 lakh according to Indian system. Mathematics Part-5E xercise 1.2 1, Rewrite the following numbers with proper commas, using the International system. (a) 46541123 (b) 94642941 () 43136416 (d) 68450134 (e) 65131132 () 86136146 (g) 13864116 (h) 56645691 (i) 23511546 2. Write the number names of the following. (a) 13,536,206 (b) 76,166,436 () 64,636,145 (d) 69,413,541 (e) 68,641,362 () 13,135,452 (g) 46,135,112 (h) 46,136,411 (i) 85,136,124 3. Write the following in figures. (a) Sixty-four million one hundred nineteen thousand eighteen (b) Two hundred eighty-nine million sixty-nine thousand forty-eight (c)_ One hundred five million one hundred eight thousand seven (d) Seven hundred sixteen million two thousand thirty-one 4. Give the value of the coloured digit using the international system. (a) 565164 (b) 616521 () 461154 (d) 342454 (ce) 413541 () 641364 5. Write the following numbers in the Indian and international systems, using both figures and words. (a) 842168 (b) 465123 () 545315 (d) 662564 (e) 541154 () 642515 COMPARING AND ORDERING NUMBERS Using place value we can compare two or more number. We have already learnt comparing numbers up to 6 digits. We compare numbers more than 6 digit in same | | 14 Mathematics Part-5For example, 9, 36, 43,564 > 48,564, as 9, 36, 43, 564 has 8 digit and 48,564 has 5S digit and 8 > 5. So, 9, 36, 43, 564 is greater than 48,564. Rule 2. If numbers have same number of digit, then start the comparison of digit from the left and continue till two different digit Example1: Compare 7,61,89,345 and 7,61,89,355. Solution: Both the numbers have eight digits. So, start comparison from extreme left. The six digit from the left of both numbers are same. The seventh digit of both numbers are different as 76189345 has 4 and 76189355 has 5 and 4 < 5. So 7,61,89,355 is greater than 7,61,89,345. E xercise 1.3 Compare the foll numbers using >, < or = 98,46,16,321 56,61,64,842 36,31,641 96,41,642 65,13,61,641 41,69,74,361 81,34,63,431 34,85,58,451 51,64,35,613 69,48,62,668 45,41,44,542 45,41,44,542 . Arrange the following numbers (a) 5,64,26,489; 4,55,69,214; 9,41,26,478; 4,56,58, 789 (b) 7,69,47,256; 8,41,63, 489; 2,36,78,987; 3,58, 48,999 () 8,65, 89,887; 6,20,36,478; 4,74, 63,488; 6,89,47,369 (d) 4,15, 14,148; 6,25,36,478; 9,14, 12,366; 5,58,47,897 (e) 7,58,69,478; 7,25,25,478; 6,36, 15,699; 4,78, 69,878 () 4,56,89,253; 4,69,87,253; 7,56,23,202; 4,58,87,778 Mathematics Part-5ROUNDING NUMBERS Rounding numbers to the Nearest 10 Example: Round 1673 tothe nearest 10. Solution; <—-——+—_+—_+—__+—__+—__+>—__ + +— +> 1670 1673 1675 1680 1673 is nearer to 1670 as compared to 1680. Thus, 1673 is rounded off to 1670. ‘Choose the two multiples of 10 just less than and just greater than the given number. ‘The multiple closer to the numbers ounded value. ‘The exactly between number Rounding numbers to the Nearest 100 napa aneai Example: Round 7,850 to the nearest 100. 7850 Solution: <—+—4+—+—__+—__+>—_+—_+—_+—_+—_++- > 7800 Here, 7850 falls exactly between 7800 and 7900. just greater than the given As per the rule, 7850 is rounded off to Cee 7900. number's rounded value. . The exaely between number f isclways rounded up. Rounding number to the Nearest 1000 Example: Round 2550 and 2350 to the nearest 1000. 2350 2550 Solution: 2000 2500 3000 Here, we see that the number 2550 is nearer to 3000 Choose the two multiples of 1000 just less than and just as compared to 2000, so it is rounded off to 3000. "74 ores than the given And the number 2350 is nearer to 2000 as re 2. The multiple closer to numbers rounded value. compared to 3000, so it is rounded off to 2000. isalwaysrounded up. 16 Mathematics Part-5Shortcut to Rounding numbers 1. Rounding number 654 to the nearest 10. Look at the tens digit and then ones digit. If the ones digit is smaller than 5, round the number to the same tens. And if the ones digit is 5 or greater, than round to the nexttens. Here, we have 5 at tens and 4 at ones. As 4 at ones is less 5, thus 654 is rounded to 650. 2. Rounding number 974 to the nearest 100. Look at the hundreds digit and then tens digit. Here, itis 9 at hundreds place and 7 attens place. As 7 is greater than 5, so 974 is rounded to 1000. 3. Rounding number 16434 to the nearest 1000. Look at the thousands digit and hundreds digit. Here, itis 6 at thousands place and 4 at hundreds place. As 4 is smaller than 5, so 16434 is rounded to 16000. E xercise 1.4 1. Round each of the following to the nearest ten. (a) 56 ~~ (b) 521 —_ () 1451 — (d) 642 le) 42 () 4511 2. Round each of the following to the nearest hundred. () 664 (oO 546 Ow ss GO (d) 9,215 a (e) 4,644 coq () 6,546 ca () 7.984 Co) th 1348 CO oe CO 3. Round each of the following to the nearest thousand. @) 366) EJ 6) 1315 GO 2154 CO (2) 94,545 CT) le) 45551 Co) 6545 CO () 48,512 (Joh) 66,621 Fo) 45,134 > Mathematics Part-5 7ROMAN NUMERALS You are well aware with Roman numerals up to 39. Now, have a look on the numbers up to 100. Roman numerals do not have ‘0! thus they do not have place value system. They have only 7 symbols. Using these symbols, we can write any number by following certain rules. Roman Symbol Chart Symbol) | v x L Cc D M Value | 1 5 10 | 50 | 100 | 500 |1000 Write Roman Numerals Rule 1 (Addition): When we write a smaller value symbol after a greater value symbol, their values are added. Examples: Vi=54+1=6 Xlmakes 10+ 1=11 Similarly, LXmakes 50 + 10 = 60 LX marks 50 + 10 + 10 = 70 Rule 2 (Subtraction): When we write a smaller value symbol before a greater value symbol its value is subtracted from the value of greater symbol. Examples: V=5-1=4 IXmakes 10-1 Similarly, XLmarks 50-10 = 40 XC marks 100-10 = 90 Rule 3 (Multiplication): When we repeat a symbol, its value is multiplied by the number of times it is repeated. Itcan also be called extended addition. Examples: =1x2=o0r(1+1)=2 Wo =1x3o0r(1+14+1)=3 XXX = 10x3or(10+ 10+ 10) =30 18 Mathematics Part-5Rule 4: When a smaller symbol is placed in between two greater symbols, then it is subtraction from the right side symbol. Examples: XIV= 10 + (5-1)=14 XIX=10+(10-1)=19 The symbols which do not follow the above rules are called meaningless numerals. For example, VX, IC are meaningless. To write any number up to 100 in Roman numerals, first we separate it into tens and ‘ones. Then we write the tens and then ones tothe right of tens. Examples: (a) 43 =40+3(separete tens and ones) = XL + Ill = XLII (b) 57 =50+7 (separate tens and ones) =L+VIl=LVIl (c) 69 0 + 9 (separate tens and ones) =1X+K=LXX FB: Did you know? The symbol can be subtracted from V and X only, No symbol can be repeated more than three times, Symbols V, Land D are never repeated The symbol X can be subtracted from L and C only. E xercise 1.5 1. Write the Roman numeral for each of the following Hindu-Arabic numerals. (a) 45 a) (b) 564 a) (<) 354 ) (d) 161 (e) 26 ) () 624 2. Write the Hindu-Arabic numerals corresponding to each of the following. (a) LXIX (b) XCI () CXCII (d) CCCLXXXV (e) CCXCVI (f) CXCV Mathematics Part-5 19e Things to Remember............... eee eee . A7-digit number begins at the Ten lakh place. An 8-digit number begins with the One crore place. A9-digit number begins at the Ten crores place. ; In Indian place value chart, the nine places are grouped into four periods, ' namely Ones, Thousands, Lakhs and Crore. ; * | sold goods worth & 20 to a customer who paid for it with a % 100 note. As i didn't’, have change, I gave the € 100 note to my neighbour and got change from him. |» gave ¥ 80 to the customer and kept 20 with me. , Later my neighbour returned the 100 note to me saying that it was fake. | gove ° . {him back his money. What was my loss? . A. Multiple Choice Questions. (MCQs) 1. Commas are inserted in a number after each. a. digit oO b. place (Jc. period {1} d. group oO 2. A7-digit number starts with place in the Indian system. a. lakhs b. ten thousands c. ten lakhs d. crores 3. An 8-digit number starts with place in the International system. a. hundred thousands b. one millions c. ten millions d. crores 4. The place value of 9 in the numeral 90521367 is a. nine million b. ninety million c. ninety lakh d. nine hundred thousand 5. In Roman numerals, there are only basic symbols. a7 (yb. 8 es Odaw 20 Mathematics Part-5in the blanks with rounding numbers: var To the Nearest | To the Nearest | To the Nearest Ten Hundred Thousand 40,235 40,240 40,296 40,300 41,007 40,478 wi Puzzle Game Crossword: What Number Am |? ia 5 Across 7 fifty more than fitty five and five one less than eighteen nine doubled five more than seventy-five . twenty doubled two tens equals this sixdoubled . one more eighty-nine one less than thirteen ‘one more than ten fen plus three four plus nine fen minus one ‘one more than twenty-nine one less than sixly-one five and five and five ‘one more than fifteen half ofone hundred Mathematics Part-5 21B vatuc Based Question 1. Which Roman numeral is formed from the first two letters of word 'VIOLET' How many colours are there in the sunlight? 2. Which Roman numeral is formed from the first letter of the word 'INDIA'? Who is our 'Father' of the Nation ‘Why’ is he considered so? Brain Pop 1. 344+59=2 (a) 754+29= (b) 49431= () 81413= (d) 544+21= (ce) 65+01= () 134+48= 2. Write the greatest six digit number using 2 different digits. 3. How many times is thousands place smaller than lakhs place? =, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) 1. 100 millions = crore. 2. 1 millions = lakh. 3. 1 crore = million. 4. There are zeros in 30 million. 5. There are zeros in 8 crore. Objective: To elaborate the idea of Roman Numbers. Materials Required: Few match sticks. Procedure: 1. Students will place the match sticks on the table. 2. Students will make a combination of these match stick so as to represent the Roman Numerals. 3. Students will start from Roman numeral | and will continue till Roman numeral XX. 4. The arrangement on the table will be as shown: [ ol 5. The activity helps the students to memorize Roman numeral symbols and their arrangement o represent numbers. Wel x xX 22 Mathematics Part-5