STATUS REPORT ON

EDUCATION AND HEALTH IN

JAWALGA VILLAGE
EDUCATION

Education is a vital aspect of personal and societal development. It encompasses formal

learning in schools and universities, as well as informal learning through various life
experiences. In the context of schools, education involves a structured curriculum that covers
subjects like math, science, language arts, social studies, and more. It equips students with
foundational knowledge and essential skills to navigate the world. Education not only imparts
academic knowledge but also fosters critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and creativity.
It encourages students to question, analyze, and explore different perspectives. Through
education, individuals gain the tools to understand complex concepts, make informed
decisions, and adapt to a rapidly changing world.

Furthermore, education plays a significant role in shaping one's character and values. It
promotes moral and ethical
development, empathy, and respect
for diversity. It cultivates social
skills, teamwork, and
communication abilities, enabling
individuals to collaborate effectively
and contribute positively to their
communities. Education extends
beyond the classroom. It
encompasses extracurricular
activities, such as sports, clubs, and
arts programs, which foster holistic development. These activities encourage teamwork,
discipline, and self-expression, nurturing well-rounded individuals.

In today's digital age, education has expanded beyond traditional settings. Online platforms
offer a plethora of educational resources, courses, and opportunities for lifelong learning. This
accessibility allows individuals to pursue their interests and acquire new skills at their own
pace. Education is a powerful tool for social mobility, breaking the cycle of poverty, and
reducing inequalities. It empowers individuals to pursue higher education, secure better job
prospects, and improve their quality of life. It also promotes gender equality by providing equal
opportunities for girls and women to access education.
1|Page
2|Page
In conclusion, education is a transformative force that empowers individuals, strengthens
communities, and drives societal progress. It equips us with knowledge, skills, and values
necessary to navigate the complexities of the world. So, let's embrace the power of education
and unlock our full potential. Education is super important. It helps us learn new things and
grow as individuals. It can happen in schools, colleges, or even through online courses.
Education gives us knowledge and skills that we can use in our lives. It opens up opportunities
for us and helps us pursue our dreams. It's like a key that unlocks doors to a brighter future. So,
whether it's math, science, history, or art, education is always a valuable investmentin
ourselves.

Importance of Education:

Education is widely regarded as the cornerstone of personal development and societal progress.
It equips individuals with the tools they need to navigate the complexities of the modern world.
Beyond the acquisition of factual knowledge, education fosters critical thinking, problem-
solving abilities, and the capacity to adapt to changing circumstances. It empowers individuals
to make informed decisions, participate in civic life, and contribute to the economic, cultural,
and social advancement of their communities.

Types of Education:

Education can take various forms, catering to diverse needs and goals. Formal education is
typically structured and takes place within institutions such as schools, colleges, and
universities. It follows a prescribed curriculum and leads to certifications or degrees. This type
of education is divided into primary education (elementary school), secondary education (high
school), and higher education (college or university).

Informal education, on the other hand, occurs outside formal institutions. It encompasses self-
directed learning, daily life experiences, and interactions with others. Informal education can
be equally valuable, as it allows individuals to explore personal interests, acquire practical
skills, and adapt to evolving circumstances. Lifelong learning, which continues throughout
one's life, combines both formal and informal education to create a holistic learning experience.

Vocational and technical education focuses on preparing individuals for specific careers or
trades. It emphasizes practical skills and hands-on training, making it particularly valuable in
meeting the demands of the job market. This type of education often leads to well-paying and
fulfilling careers in fields such as mechanics, healthcare, and information technology.

3|Page
Access to Education:

Ensuring access to education for all individuals, regardless of their background or

circumstances, is a global priority. Access to quality education is seen as a fundamental human
right, as it empowers individuals to lead fulfilling lives and contribute to the betterment of
society. Efforts to improve access include policies to eliminate gender discrimination, reduce
economic disparities, and accommodate individuals with physical or learning disabilities.
Additionally, initiatives to provide education in remote or disadvantaged areas aim to reach
underserved populations.

Quality of Education:

Access alone is not sufficient; the quality of education is equally crucial. Quality education
involves effective teaching methods, relevant curriculum, and a supportive learning
environment. It goes beyond rote memorization to encourage critical thinking, creativity, and
problem-solving skills. Quality education equips individuals with the knowledge and abilities
needed to excel in their chosen fields and adapt to an ever-changing world.

Education for Social Change:

Education is a potent tool for social change. It can raise awareness about social issues, promote
equality, and empower individuals to advocate for positive societal transformations. Education
for social change is a holistic approach that recognizes the role of education in shaping not only
individuals but also entire societies. It seeks to create a more just, equitable, and sustainable
world by empowering individuals with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to effect positive
change in their communities and beyond. Educational institutions and programs often
emphasize values such as empathy, compassion, and social responsibility. These values inspire
students to become active agents of change, working towards a more just and equitable society.

In conclusion, education is a multifaceted and dynamic process with profound implications for
individuals and society. It empowers individuals, fosters critical thinking, and has the potential
to address many of the world's challenges. Efforts to improve and expand access to quality
education remain essential, as education is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of
progress and development worldwide.

4|Page
 EDUCATION IN THE VILLAGE (JAWALGA MASAI)
Education is considered essential in Jawalga Masai, as it is in many Indian villages. The village
has :

• 1 Primary School
• 1 Secondary School
• 3 Anganwadi

And for further education they send their children to Salgarah, Tuljapur, Osmanabad, and
Solapur. Access to quality education is a key concern for rural areas like Jawalga Masai, and
efforts are often made to improve educational facilities. Education in believed as one of most
important factors in the village.

PRIMARY SCHOOL

Firstly, we will start with Primary School of the village. The primary school is situated near the
bus stand of the village, in front of the school there is a Kirana shop, and on the other side there
is 1 Anganwadi of the village.

The Primary school of the village

was established in the year
1952. The School is from 1st
standard to 6th standard in which
total 171 students are enrolled
from all the caste. The primary
school has 6 classrooms, 1
laboratory, separate toilets for
both boys and girls (1-1). The
school has very small
playground where school
assembly, function and also
children play during their lunch break. There is 3 separate location of the Primary school, first
building has 3 classes, and another has one room each at three different locations on next to the
primary school only.

5|Page
The primary school in Jawalga Masai is a vital educational institution that serves as the
foundational pillar of learning for the village's youngest residents. This primary school plays a
pivotal role in nurturing the intellectual and personal development of children in the
community. Typically offering education from the early years until the completion of
elementary education, the primary school ensures that children acquire essential skills,
knowledge, and values that lay the groundwork for their future academic and life endeavours.

In Jawalga Masai's primary school, children embark on their educational journey, beginning
with basic literacy and numeracy skills. The curriculum usually encompasses subjects like
language, mathematics, science, and social studies, providing students with a well-rounded
education. Dedicated and qualified teachers create a stimulating and inclusive learning
environment, fostering a love for learning among the young minds.

Beyond academics, the primary school often plays a central role in cultivating values such as
discipline, teamwork, and respect among
students. It promotes a sense of
community and social integration as
children from various backgrounds
come together to learn and grow.
Additionally, the primary school is a
crucial institution in addressing
educational equity, striving to ensure
that all children, regardless of their
socio-economic status or gender, have
access to quality education. Jawalga
Masai's primary school not only imparts knowledge but also built a sense of hope and aspiration
in the hearts of its students. It is a place where dreams take root and the potential of every child
is nurtured, setting the stage for a brighter future for both the individuals and the village as a
whole.

6|Page
The facilities in the primary school are that:

• Presence of Smart Class in two class

• Laboratory
• 6 teachers including headmaster.
• Safe drinking water
• Separate toilet for boys and girls
• Well Maintained of building
• Uses of renewable resources like solar
panels

SECONDARY SCHOOL

The Jawalga Masai village has secondary school, which

was situated 1 km away from the village, it was basically
established in the year 1968. The secondary school was
from class 8th – 10th standard. The total number of
students studying in the secondary school was 116. The
students in secondary school are mixed with nearby
village students. Village like Wadegaon,
Salgarah, Barul, etc students were also found there. The Secondary school was also well
established in terms of basic infrastructure.

The student’s division of secondary school was:

Class 8th - 39 ( 14 boys and 25 girls)

Class 9th - 35 (15 boys and 20 girls)

Class 10th -42 (19 boys and 23 girls)

If we will talk about the ratio of boys and

girls, then in both Primary and Secondary
school the girl’s ratio was more in
comparison to boys.

7|Page
The secondary school includes 5 teachers including headmaster of the school. Here I have
mentioned the name of the teacher according to
subject they teach and for the class they teach.

• Headmaster – Mr. Mude Prabhakar

Shankarav teaches maths from 8th to 10th.
• Mr Shivaji Rathore teaches science from
8th to 10th.
• Mr Bhalchandra Sable teaches English to
8th and 9th class and geography to 10th.
• Mr Mulani Amir teaches Marathi and
history from 8th to 10th.
• Mr Mule Pandurang he teaches Hindi from 8th to 10th, and he is also a physical education
teacher.

Infrastructure of the school was basic as availability of the benches, classrooms conditions were
good, but the major concern was fan and light which is not found. There was total 3 classrooms
with 1 lab , 1 staff, 1 kitchen and storeroom to store grains of mid-day meal and 3 bathrooms.
If we will talk about the facilities available at the secondary school, the school also has
Computer classroom with 10 computers, Projector Facilities, and also a big playground which
was also a common playground of Jawalga Masai village children.

If we will talk about the

education qualification of
the teachers at the secondary
school. As shown in the
picture about educational
qualification of teachers.
The list also includes the
teachers who have retired
from the school.

Also, in this picture it is

mentioned about the trust

8|Page
name “Jijamata Shikshan Prasharak Mandal, Salgarah” which with state government runs
the secondary school. All the teachers and facilities are managed by this Jijamata Mandal itself.
The Mandal supports in developing various infrastructural facilities in the village. Few months
before the Mandal and teachers of the village came together and funded for a borewell in the
school.

ANGANWADI (in terms of Education)

In the village of Jawalga Masai, Osmanabad, an Anganwadi centre stands as a vital lifeline for
the community's maternal, child healthcare needs and also in field of education. These
Anganwadi centres, found in rural and urban areas across India, serve as local hubs for
integrated child development services. The name "Anganwadi" itself, meaning "courtyard
centre" in Hindi, signifies its grassroots and community-oriented approach.

If we will talk about Anganwadi centres in the village of Jawalga Masai, Osmanabad, serve as
vital educational hubs for young children in the community. These centres play a pivotal role
in fostering early childhood development and preparing children for formal schooling by
providing them elementary education before going to primary school. In Jawalga Masai, as in
many rural areas across India, Anganwadi centres offer a nurturing environment where children
are exposed to rudimentary educational activities that promote cognitive, social, and motor
skills.

Anganwadi workers in Jawalga Masai, typically equipped with basic educational materials,
engage children in age-appropriate
learning exercises, storytelling,
and interactive games. This not
only helps stimulate their
intellectual growth but also installs
a love for learning from an early
age. Moreover, these centres often
focus on promoting basic hygiene
and good health practices, which
are integral to a child's overall
well-being.

9|Page
Furthermore, Anganwadi centres in Jawalga Masai can serve as a crucial support system for
working parents who might not have access to formal childcare services. They provide a safe
and supervised space where children can spend their day, allowing parents to work or attend to
other responsibilities with peace of mind.

In essence, Anganwadi centres in Jawalga Masai, like their counterparts across India,
contribute significantly to the educational foundation of young children, equipping them with
essential skills and knowledge that will aid in their future academic journey while promoting
their overall growth and development.

NGOs WORKING IN THE VILLAGE FOR EDUCATION

Nowadays, NGOs and Trust have become a backbone in playing role to create awareness
among the rural areas of India about several things which results to the development of the
rural areas. The Marathwada of Maharashtra region falls in low literacy rate category of the
country.

If we talk about the NGOs and Trust working in the village “Jawalga Masai” in the field of
Education. There are two organization working in the school:

• Cohesion Foundation Trust

• Jijamata Shikshan Prasharak Mandal

Firstly, we will discuss a brief introduction of Cohesion Foundation and then its work in the
village. Cohesion Foundation trust, with
support from HDFC Bank Parivartan, a CSR
initiative, has been working in Tuljapur block
in Osmanabad, Maharashtra. The foundation
mainly aims at Holistic Rural Development
Programme which is one of the pioneering
programmes organized in the country. The
NGO has been working for the children and
the education since 2005 in every sector and
with every community of the society. The
organisation helps those children who are
unable to access or afford the educational expense by various factors causing them from

10 | P a g e
accessibility such as Poverty, Cultural and Gender Barriers, Remoteness and Poor
Infrastructure of Education System.

The organisation provides and help in various ways:

• Accessibility of the materials required.

• Transition and Retention: especially for girls, by reducing dropouts and increasing
attendance.
• Quality and Improved learning process.
• Governance in strengthening SMC/SDMC, providing Head Teacher, and Teacher, and
also, by establishing SMC networks.

Cohesion Foundation has been working in the village from past few years in the Primary school
of the village. The organization has supported the school by providing several things like:

• Smart Class
• Solar Plates
• Sports kit for children
• R.O. Water Purifier
• 72 inches LED smart TV
• Furniture and Infrastructural Support

The foundation has also painted the compound wall of the school with pictures, with the motive
to teach and generate the capacity of observational learning among the students.

Secondly, Jijamata Shikshan Prasharak Mandal, which is Trust situated in nearby village
Salgarah. The trust has been helping the secondary school in every possible aspect. The
Jijamata Shikshan Prasharak Mandal is a nonprofit educational organization in India,
particularly in the state of Maharashtra. Shikshan Prasharak Mandal translates to "Educational
Promoters Committee" in English. This organization are often involved in various educational
activities and initiatives, including running schools, colleges, and other educational institutions,
as well as promoting education and related activities in their communities.

We didn’t get detailed information about the Jijamata Shikshan Prasharak Mandal, but the thing
which they mentioned was that it's common for such organizations to be dedicated to the
advancement of education, particularly for the benefit of underprivileged or marginalized

11 | P a g e
 communities. They may establish and manage schools, provide scholarships, conduct
vocational training programs, and engage in other educational and social welfare activities.

The Mandal has provided funds for the fencing of the school boundary, borewell, etc. The
mandal along with the help of government helps in infrastructural development of the school.

PERSONAL OBSERVATION & DISCUSSION

The education system of the village is not in a good condition. People are not aware of the
importance of education and take it very lightly. The children of the village have immense
potential, but there is a lack of platform. There is no seriousness about the education of children,
and there are even cases of child marriage because the parents don’t want the children to go out
of the village for higher studies.

RECOMMENDATION AND SUGGESTION

Awareness is needed for the importance of education. More interschool level competitions are
needed for children to explore their potentials. The government should provide support for the
proper functioning of schools.

HEALTH

Our lives are shaped by our health, a priceless resource. It is a condition of total physical,
mental, and social well-being rather than just the absence of disease. It is impossible to stress
how crucial health is to our ability to live, work, and enjoy life to the fullest. We shall examine
the importance of health, its elements, and the part it plays in our daily lives in this article.

The Elements of Good Health -There are various interrelated parts that make up health:

Physical Health: Our body's state of health is referred to as being physically healthy. It
includes elements like diet, exercise, sleep, and the absence of illnesses. A strong and active
life is built on maintaining a healthy body.

Mental health: Our emotional and psychological well-being is referred to as our mental health.
It encompasses our capacity to control our emotions, deal with stress, and keep an optimistic
attitude on life. To successfully handle the hardships of life, one must have good mental health.

Social health: The nature of our interactions and connections with others is reflected in our
social health. A sense of belonging, strong social ties, and encouraging friendships all
12 | P a g e
 contribute to general wellbeing.

Environmental Health: The influence of our surroundings on our health is referred to as

environmental health. It includes clean air, safe drinking water, and access to green spaces. A
healthy environment is crucial for our physical health

Importance of Health

Life Quality: Our quality of life is improved by being healthy. We may participate completely in
life's activities, pursue our goals, and have a high level of well-being when we are in good
physical and mental health, as well as in our social connections.

Productivity: Being productive depends heavily on our physical and mental well-being. When
we are healthy, we have the vigour and concentration required to succeed in our professional,
academic, and extracurricular pursuits.

Longevity: Living a healthy lifestyle is directly related to living longer. We improve our chances
of living a full and longer life by taking care of our physical and mental health.

Reduced Healthcare expenditures: Keeping healthy by taking preventative measures and leading
a healthy lifestyle can assist lower healthcare expenditures related to the treatment of diseases
that can be avoided.

Happiness and general well-being are greatly influenced by one's physical and mental health.
Because we feel less pain and suffering while we are healthy, we may enjoy life's pleasures.

Enhancing health
Making wise decisions about your diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management is essential for
13 | P a g e
 maintaining excellent health.

Regular medical check-ups can aid in identifying and addressing health issues early on, when
they are more easily controlled.

Promoting mental health awareness and lowering the stigma attached to getting treatment for
mental health problems are crucial.

Social Interactions: Maintaining healthy social connections is crucial for our mental and
emotional wellbeing

Environmental Protection: Preserving the environment through ethical actions is good for the
environment and for people's health.

Obstacles to Rural Health

Limited Access to Healthcare: Access to healthcare facilities is one of the biggest problems
facing rural health. There are frequently insufficient hospitals, clinics, and medical experts in
rural areas. This causes delayed or subpar medical care, which might have negative effects.

Socioeconomic factors: People living in rural areas frequently have lower incomes, fewer
educational opportunities, and worse living conditions. These socioeconomic factors influence
health in ways that affect disease, malnutrition, and sanitation rates.

Health Awareness: Health problems and preventative actions are not widely known in many
rural places. The spread of diseases and poor health-seeking behaviour may result from this lack
of knowledge.

Transportation and Infrastructure: Transport and infrastructure are commonly lacking in

rural areas. This can make it difficult for patients to get to medical facilities or for medical
personnel to travel to far-off areas.

Fewer resources: Medical supplies, drugs, and qualified healthcare personnel are frequently in
short supply at rural healthcare institutions. This could make it more difficult to deliver high-
quality medical care.

14 | P a g e
Factors Affecting Rural Health
Education: In rural places, education plays a significant role in determining health. Increasing
access to high-quality education can provide people the knowledge and abilities they need to
make wise decisions about their health.

Access to Sanitation and Clean Water: In order to prevent waterborne infections in rural
communities, it is crucial to guarantee access to clean drinking water and sanitary facilities.

Reducing poverty: Rural health can be significantly impacted by programmes to reduce poverty.
Families can afford wholesome food, healthcare, and better living conditions when they have
access to sufficient resources.

Community health professionals: The distance between the community and medical facilities
can be closed by deploying and training community health workers there. When necessary, these
professionals can offer referrals, health education, and basic healthcare services.

Technology and telemedicine: Rural healthcare can benefit from the use of telemedicine and
technology to get over geographic limitations. Remote medical consultations and advice can be
given through telehealth services, increasing access to healthcare.

Alternatives to Improve Rural Health

Infrastructure Investment in the Health Sector: Governments and organisations should spend
money constructing and modernising hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities in rural
areas.

Healthcare Subsidies: By offering subsidies for healthcare services, rural communities may
find them more inexpensive. Subsidising prescription drugs and medical services falls under this
category.

Health Education Programmes: Introducing health education initiatives can promote healthy
habits and preventative actions in local communities and schools.
15 | P a g e
Mobile Clinics: Remote locations can be reached by mobile healthcare units, which can offer
basic medical care and physical examinations to rural residents.

Public-Private Partnerships: By combining resources and knowledge, partnerships between

the public and private sectors can enhance the delivery of healthcare in rural areas.

The overall standard of life is greatly influenced by the level of health in rural areas, where a
large majority of the world's population lives. Addressing health issues in these places is crucial
for attaining sustainable development since rural health is distinctive in that it comes with
opportunities and difficulties of its own.

Health care facilities :

The village has very limited healthcare facilities as we observed during our transect walk and
during discussion with the villagers.

Availibility of PHC centres and sub-centres:

People rely on the PHC sub centre which is situated in the Barud village and the main sender for
PHC is at Salgara village. Salgara village is 6 kilometres far from them Jawalga Mesai village .
Salgara is a developed village which has proper facilities like shops, gram panchayat, PHC
centre etc. . They had a proper building for panchayat having washroom, computer, printer etc.
They also had a proper transportation road which facilitates people to come in healthcare
facilities.
Salgara village having a PHC centre which is 6 kilometres far from Jawalga Mesai is the main
centre for healthcare. They had a proper building in which where the hygiene is maintained and
is filled with regular patients. It was built 30 to 40 years before. PHC has 16 gram panchayats
under 26 villages having a population of 22,000 including the 4 sub centres. Salgara village has
4 sub centres which are Kakramba, Barud, Devsingha and Manegaon.
The hospital has one doctor, one staff nurse and one lab attendant to take care. The doctor's
name is Dr. Nagaragoji R. M. Hospital provides medicines for the patients after the check-up
and also have ambulance services mainly for pregnant women and children.
16 | P a g e
The ambulance service is provided only at needs and for accidents there have been provided
with an emergency number ‘108’. There is no ambulance service in sub centres.
The hospital provides regular check-up for all people and the doctor stays at a quarters and
which providing the villages 24 hours services. The hospital also provides routine immune
check-up for pregnant women and infants. They also visits villages during camps for
government schemes.
Hospital has a total of 4 toilets were 2 is for male and 2 for female. The village also have
wheelchair and beds for admission but lack of maintenance can be seen. The hospital also have
fire extinguisher every corner and also have solar panel for their electricity facilities. The
electricity facility is provided 24/7 and waste bins are provided at hospitals which we can see 2
at bins present. Water cooler is provided in the hospital.

Hospital also follows the government schemes like PMMVY, JSY, etc.

PMMVY - The Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) is a maternity benefit
program implemented by the Government of India. The scheme was launched on January 1,
2017, under the Ministry of Women and Child Development, as part of the government's efforts
to improve maternal and child health outcomes and reduce maternal mortality.

Key features of the PMMVY scheme:

Objective: The primary objective of PMMVY is to provide financial assistance to pregnant and
lactating mothers to ensure proper nutrition and healthcare during pregnancy and the postnatal
period. This assistance aims to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates and promote the
overall health and well-being of mothers and children.

Target Beneficiaries: The scheme targets pregnant and lactating mothers aged 19 and above for
their first child in the family. The scheme aims to cover women in both rural and urban areas,
ensuring that they have access to necessary healthcare services.

Financial Assistance: Under PMMVY, eligible beneficiaries receive a cash incentive of ₹5,000
in three installments as follows:

First Installment: ₹1,000 upon the early registration of pregnancy (within the first trimester).
17 | P a g e
Second Installment: ₹2,000 upon the completion of at least one antenatal check-up.

Third Installment: ₹2,000 after the birth of the child, along with the vaccination of the child and
the registration of their birth.

Conditional Cash Transfer: The scheme operates on a conditional cash transfer basis, where
beneficiaries receive financial assistance only if they fulfill certain conditions, such as timely
registration of pregnancy and completion of antenatal and postnatal check-ups.

Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): The financial assistance is provided directly into the bank or
post office accounts of eligible women through the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system. This
ensures transparency and minimizes leakages in the delivery of benefits.

Healthcare Services: In addition to the financial assistance, PMMVY encourages women to

avail healthcare services, including regular check-ups, immunization for their children, and
counseling on nutrition and family planning.

Awareness and Outreach: The scheme includes an awareness and outreach component to
ensure that eligible women are informed about the benefits and conditions of PMMVY and are
encouraged to participate.

Online Portal: An online portal is established to facilitate the application process and the
tracking of benefits under the scheme.

PMMVY is a significant initiative by the Indian government to improve the health and well-
being of mothers and infants, especially those in economically disadvantaged sections of
society. By providing financial support along with access to healthcare services, the scheme
aims to reduce maternal and child mortality rates and promote healthier pregnancies and
childbirths.

JSY - The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a maternal healthcare scheme launched by the
Government of India under the National Health Mission (NHM). The scheme was introduced in
2005 with the primary goal of reducing maternal and infant mortality by promoting institutional
deliveries and ensuring that pregnant women have access to proper healthcare during pregnancy,
childbirth, and the postnatal period.
18 | P a g e
Key features of the JSY scheme:

Objective: The primary objective of the JSY scheme is to promote institutional deliveries and
reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rates by providing financial incentives to pregnant
women.

Target Beneficiaries: The scheme primarily targets women in rural areas and those belonging
to economically disadvantaged sections of society. It aims to cover pregnant women aged 19
and above for their first child in the family and 18 and above for the second and subsequent
pregnancies.

Financial Assistance: Under JSY, eligible beneficiaries receive cash incentives to encourage
them to deliver their babies in healthcare institutions. The incentives are divided into two
categories:

Cash Incentive for Institutional Delivery: Women who choose to deliver their babies in a
government health facility or an accredited private health institution receive cash incentives. The
amount varies depending on the state and region, but the scheme aims to provide substantial
financial support to cover the costs associated with hospitalization and delivery expenses.

Cash Incentive for Home Deliveries in Difficult Areas: In remote and inaccessible areas
where institutional delivery is not feasible, women who deliver at home with the help of skilled
birth attendants receive a cash incentive.

Conditional Cash Transfer: The cash incentives are provided as conditional cash transfers,
meaning that women receive the financial assistance only if they fulfill certain conditions, such
as attending antenatal check-ups, receiving postnatal care, and ensuring that their child receives
essential immunizations.

Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): Similar to other government schemes, JSY uses the Direct
Benefit Transfer (DBT) system to transfer the cash incentives directly into the bank accounts of
eligible beneficiaries. This helps in minimizing leakages and ensuring transparency in the
disbursement of benefits.
19 | P a g e
Healthcare Services: In addition to the financial incentives, JSY encourages pregnant women
to avail maternal healthcare services, including antenatal and postnatal check-ups,
immunization, and counseling on nutrition and family planning.

Awareness and Outreach: The scheme includes awareness and outreach components to
educate pregnant women and their families about the benefits of institutional delivery and the
importance of maternal and child healthcare.

JSY has been instrumental in increasing the rate of institutional deliveries in India, particularly
in rural and underserved areas. By providing financial incentives and promoting maternal
healthcare services, the scheme aims to improve maternal and child health outcomes, reduce
maternal mortality, and ensure that more women have access to safe and skilled care during
pregnancy and childbirth.

The hospital charged ₹2 for check-up but now they have changed into a free services. Schemes
provided by the government is implemented by the sub centres in the village.
Diseases like dengue, malaria are prevented through TCL powder mixed with water are sprayed.

Limitations of PHC
But the main PHC at Salgara also faces many kind of Inadequate facilities such as there is a
vacant post for ANM which has been not filed since 12 years and they don't have RSBY smart
card for the patients. They also mentioned that they lack in team resulting under irregular check
ups the Staffs are not provided for the hospital facilities and administration is not effective to run
the hospital. No lab is provided for checking any kind of blood samples for diseases like BP,
sugar and pressure. Hospital lacks in maintaining the furnitures like bed, wheelchair for the
patients and also lacks in providing lab facilities and medicines. This makes people to change
their mind set from going to government hospital and rely more on private hospital which they
have 3 in the village.

Sanitation:
The sanitation in the Jawalga Mesai village is very poor that they don’t have a proper waste
management system and still follows open defecation method.
They have public toilet which near the gram panchayat, but is not in a usable condition. It is not
20 | P a g e
well maintained for the villagers or for the children who go for fieldwork. The toilet which is
present in the primary school is not well maintained or clean either. The toilet is very small,
suitable only for small kids. And close toilet in the school can’t be used as it is not in a usable
condition.
Majority of the villages have toilet in their houses which are you usable but they still doesn't rely
on it for defecation. The 3 anganwadis which are present doesn’t have a proper toilet system.
There is no waste bins to facilitate the waste management system. They also doesn’t have any
awareness how to dispose the sanitary napkins after use. They openly throw the sanitary
napkins, which is very harmful for the overall village health.

The village have water facility system provided by Cohesion Foundation Trust near Gram
Panchayat office but the location is surrounded by waste such as plastic waste, vegetable waste,
sanitary waste and even human waste.

Asha Worker

We interacted with Mrs Sarika Pawar, the asha worker in the village since 2010. We talked to
her about Pregnant women, Infants, Adolescent Girls and Old aged people.
Maternal and Infant care – the Maternal Mortality Rate and Infant Mortality Rate has decreased.
There is a significant shift from delivery at homes to private hospitals.
Pregnant women get their regular checkups done in Anganwadis. There are checkups done every
15 days in the village.
There is no provision for distribution of sanitary napkins in the village. The one donre by govt is
21 | P a g e
non-functional since 6 months.
There is no scheme for the old age people too. They have to depend on the private hospital
facilities in Tuljapur.

Anganwadi
The village has 3 Anganwadis - one near the primary school, one near Sarpanch office and one
near Community Centre. It is mainly for Healthcare of children of age group 0-6 and for
education of children of the age group 3-6. There are nearly 62 children of the age group 3-6 in
the village.

The main Anganwadi is the one near the Primary school. On the day-2, we visited the
Anganwadi centre near the Sarpanch Office. It was a well-maintained building. An Anganwadi
worker, Shila Shinde, was present at the time of our visit. She told us many things about the the
Anganwadi. Children of the age group 3-6 come to the anganwadi. The Anganwadi has
blackboard, charts, slates, sitting room, a separate kitchen, play area, toilets (not functioning),
and safe drinking water facility. They also provide midday meals to the children.
They take care of the infants of 0-6 years. Vaccination and immunization is also done by theml.
They call a nurse from the Barud PHC sub-centre. She comes once every 15 days and does the
checkup of the pregnant ladies and children. When we talked to her, she said that the children
and pregnant women of the village are healthy, and rarely have issues.

OBSERVATIONS and SUGGESTIONS

The healthcare and sanitation conditions in the village is very poor. There are no Dawakhanas.
There is an immediate need to open a dawakhana, and also to provide a proper ambulance
service to the village, because the nearest proper medical facility is available 6-7 km away at
Salgara.
The waste disposal system also needs to be looked upon to prevent diseases.

22 | P a g e