(a) (b) Section A Answer any two questions from this section. ji Define work. (ii) Using the definition of work, derive an equation for kinetic energy. (4) A cyclist is cycling at a speed of 5.5 ms" at the top of a rise as shown in Fig. 1.1. The cyclist moves down the slope without cycling until he is on level ground, 4.6 m below the top of the rise. The total mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 69.0 kg (©) (a) Calculate (i) the kinetic energy of the cyclist at the top of the rise, (ii) the kinetic energy of the cyclist at the bottom of the rise, (iii) the speed of the cyclist at the bottom of the rise. ) Comment on the initial and final speeds of the cyclist. 2) When the cyclist is travelling at 5.5 ms", energy is not being transformed into kinetic energy. Describe and explain the transformations that are taking place. 15} 9144s N08@ (b) © @ © ® (a) () Define gravitational field strength, (ii) Show that Nkg" is equivalent to ms’. (i) Write down the value of the gravitational field strength on the Earth’s surface. (ii) Given that the mass of the Earth is 6.0 x 10°! kg and using the value of the strength in (b)(i) calculate the radius of the Earth. Given a point which is 2.4 x 10°m above the Earth’s surface, calculate the gravitational field strength at the point due to the Earth. State one assumption you have made in your calculation, Explain why bodies may be considered to be weightless in an orbiting spaceship. A satellite of mass 1 500 kg is orbiting the Earth with a period of 4.0 hours. Calculate (the radius of orbit of the satellite, (ii) the speed of the satellite, Suggest why at launching, the satellite is given this speed calculated in (e)(ii) in multi-stages. Distinguish between progressive and stationary waves in terms of phase of particles, amplitude of particles, motion of wave profile. 188732008 BI a) BI 2] (5) 3) (4)TOY Fig: ST and Fig. 3.2 show waveforms of sound. displacement jum right 10 distance/m Fig, 3.1 9.0 time/ ms -10 Fig. 3.2 Use the graphs to determine (the wavelength of the wave, (ii) the amplitude of the wave, (ili) the phase difference between the vibration of the particle at A and that at B, (iv) the period of oscillation, (¥) the wave speed, | 07 312© @ @) ) Describe an experiment that will enable you to determine the speed of sound using a resonance tube. Your description must clearly show how the speed of sound can be calculated from the measurements. m1 When » 340 Hz piano key is struck, itis found that the 680 Hz.and the 1 020 Hz keys also vibrate. Explain this observation. Q Section B ‘Answer any three questions from this section. () Define potential difference. (ii) Explain what is meant by a battery of emf 12 V. 4 ‘Two resistors of resistances 5 kQ and 10 k@ are connected in series as shown in Fig. 4.1. Seba aeesseeeseaeaeinaspsneeeeisnes sere 10k2 + Vv -9 5kQ v) Fig. 4.1 (Calculate the voltmeter reading ‘The voltmeter connected across the 5 kQ resistor reads 2.9 We Explain this observation with reference to your answer in (b)(i). Calculate the resistance of the voltmeter. (iv) Whatis the voltmeter reading when it is connected across the 10 kQ resistor? (v) Suggest one important consideration when using voltmeters. (vi) Give two examples of instruments that can be used to obtain accurate values of potential difference in Fig. 4.1. 03] usm N2004Super conductors over copper cables. BI (2) State three advantages of negative feedback over positive feedback, BI (b) Fig. 5.1 shows a cireuit incorporating an operational amplifier, circuit A 49V : \ 100kQ 10KQ 1 | circuit B cy I x + ! [ ipa ‘ soft iron I I LDR OR Soy coll ! | ov EE Fig. 5.1 (@ Explain how the circuit works. (ii) Hf large currents flow in citcuit B then circuit A is most likely {o be functional for a very limited time, if the diode is not part of the circuit A. Explain why this happens. ‘Suggest one use of the circuit, 1) (©) Fig. 5.2 shows an integrated circuit of logic gates. - D B oe Fig.5.2 where the symbols have their usual meanings is used when calculating the pressure exerted by gas molecules on the walls of a container. Explain the significance of jend in the equation. [5] A container has oxygen gas of mess 1.6 kg at a temperature of 30°C. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules on the container is 5.54 x 10° Pa. The molar mass of oxygen molecules is 32 g. Calculate (the volume occupied by the gas, Gi) the root mean square speed of the molecules, (5] State the photoelectric equation and give the meaning of the symbols you use. [2] Describe and explain with the aid of diagrams an experiment that you can perform in a laboratory to verify the photoelectric effect. 65] Fig. 7.1 shows the variation of current, I, with potential difference, V, between a metal that is illuminated by monochronomatic light and an electrode. UpA vv < o Fig. 7.1. — Explain why iit (the values of current will remain constant when the potential difference is positive, (ii) the two graphs meet at Vo, (iii) other than at Vz the graph has different values of I for the same value of V. (6) (@ The memory of an ATM card is made from a silicon chip. The memory is automatically erased by exposing the card to ultraviolet radiation of : wavelength 1.2 x 10m. The area of the memory region is 9.5 cm’. The intensity of the beam of radiation is 12 Wm'*. The card absorbs 20% of the radiation. () Evaluate (1) the number of electrons released per second by the silicon chip, 2) the electric current generated. (i) _ Itis found that the memory is not erased when the card is exposed to red light. Explain this observation. 7 ‘usw N2004 an7