New Light Education Point

ECONOMICS CLASS XII

TIME: 90 mins M.M. – 40

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This question paper contains sections: Indian Economic Development
2. Multiple Choice Questions of 1 mark each.
3. Short Answer Questions of 3 marks each to be answered in 60 to 80 words.
4. Short Answer Questions of 4 marks each to be answered in 80 to 100 words.
5. Long Answer Questions of 6 marks each to be answered in 100 to 150 words.

1 ‘China has performed exceedingly well in various health and economic indicators’.
Identify which of the following is not a health indicator?
a) Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births)
b) Life Expectancy at Birth (years)
c) Percentage of people below poverty line (National)
d) Maternal Mortality Rate (per 1 lakh births) 1

2
The shackles of agriculture during the colonial rule were permanently broken by the Green
Revolution that resulted from the application of ___. (Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
I. High Yielding Varieties (HYV)
II. Mechanization of Agriculture
III. Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides
IV. Organic Fertilizers and Pesticides
Alternatives:
a) I, II, IV b) I, II, III
c) II, III, IV d) I, III, IV 1

Identify the correct combination of the ‘Goals of Indian Five Year Plans’:
a. Growth, Equality, Modernisation, Self-Reliance
b. Development, Equality, Modernisation, Sustainability
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c. Good Health, Education, Modernisation, Sustainability
d. Growth, Equity, Modernisation, Self-Reliance

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4 Study the following picture and answer the given question:

Women in rural households take up bee-keeping as an entrepreneurial activity. Such kind of

activities may be envisaged under _________ as diversification activity.
(Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
a) Animal husbandry b) Fisheries
c) Horticulture d) Poultry 1

5 Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct alternative
from those given below.
Assertion (A): In 1991, as an immediate measure to resolve the Balance of Payments crisis,
the rupee was devalued against foreign currencies.
Reason (R): Devaluation of currency was eminent, to replenish the deteriorated foreign
exchange reserves.
Alternatives:
a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. 1

6 Under _________ in China, farmers and industrial units were required to buy and sell fixed
quantities of inputs and outputs on the basis of prices fixed by the government and the rest
were purchased and sold at market prices.
(Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
a) Commune System b) Great Leap Forward 1
c) Dual Pricing d) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

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7 Micro credit programmes play a vital role in ensuring an overall development of the rural
economy as they____________.(Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
(i) provide financial support
(ii) lead to women empowerment
(iii) enhance the reach of formal credit system
Alternatives:
a) (i) and (ii) b) (ii) and (iii) 1
c) (i) and (iii) d) (i), (ii) and (iii)

8
_______may be defined as the measure of the extent of demographic participation in the
social and political decision making.
(Choose the correct alternative to fill up the blank)
a) Economic indicator b) Liberty indicator
c) Health indicator d) Demographic indicator 1

9 Read the following statements carefully:

Statement 1: The nature of unemployment problem in India is uni-faceted.
Statement 2: Worker-Population ratio is an indicator used for analysing the employment
situation in a country.
In light of the given statements, choose the correct alternative from the following:
a) Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.
b) Statement 1 is false and Statement 2 is true.
c) Both Statements 1 and 2 are true.
d) Both Statements 1 and 2 are false 1

10 From the set of the events given in column I and corresponding facts given in Column II,
choose the correct pair of statements:
Column I Column II
A. Adoption of mixed economic I. The common development policy of
system India and China
B. Introduction of economic II. Imposed by World Bank
reforms in China
C. Great Leap Forward Campaign III. Focussed on massive industrialization
D. First Five Year Plan of Pakistan IV. Announced in 1953
Alternatives:
a) A-I b) B-II 1
c) C-III d) D-IV

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11 (A) “During the colonial period, a number of socio-economic indicators were in a
dilapidated state.” 3
List any three such indicators that led to the worsening of India’s demographic profile.
OR
(B) “The pre-independent India’s occupational structure experienced growing regional 3
variation.”
Justify the above statement with valid explanation.

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“Ravya was initially working as an office clerk in a firm. In the pursuit to attain, a higher
position and income, she attended a few on-the-job training sessions. These sessions
contributed positively to her skills and expertise.”
Explain the impact of Ravya’s decision on human capital formation. 3

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“In the late 1970s, China introduced the One-child policy that led to arrest in the population
coupled with skewed sex ratio.”
Justify the given statement with valid arguments in support of your answer. 4

14 (A) State and elaborate whether the following statements are true or false, with valid
arguments:
(i) Agricultural marketing is a process that ensures the transportation of various 2
agricultural commodities only.
(ii) Jan-Dhan Yojana has been a crucial step for financial resource mobilization in the 2
Indian economy.
OR
(B) “Since independence, the government has been playing an important role in generating 4
employment directly or indirectly.” Discuss.

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Identify the situation depicted in the given image. Suggest the impact of the indicated
situation, on the Indian economy.

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16 (A) Green revolution transformed India from a subsistent food grain economy to a food
surplus economy.” 3
Justify the statement, giving reasons in support of your answer.
(B) “In order to protect domestic industries, India followed the regime of restrictions on
imports.” 3

17 Briefly outline and discuss such steps taken by the government to promote import substitution
policy.
OR
(C) “In India, after 1947 land reforms were introduced on a large scale.” In the 3
light of the given statement, discuss any one such land reform.

(D) “In the post-reform period, the Government of India decided to retain profit-
making Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs). It provided a special status to PSUs to
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enable them to expand in the global market.”
Do you agree with the given statement? Give valid reasons in support of your answer.

18 Read the following text carefully:

Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present, without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. India is critical in
determining the success in a pursuit to achieve sustainable development.
The Union Budget 2023 presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman builds on India’s
commitment to lead the global action against climate change, preserve biodiversity and
support sustainable development.
The government has accelerated the pace of Green Growth as India is facing the grave reality
of depleting natural resources, limited supply of water, minerals, and fossil fuels. In a bid to
counter the climate threat, India has committed to achieving net zero by 2070; released a
low-carbon development strategy; and introduced the concept of ‘LiFE’ (Lifestyle for
Environment) to promote responsible consumption.
The Green Growth actions include several pointed measures that would facilitate the much
needed steady decarbonization of Indian industries, reduce dependency on fossil fuel imports
and establish technology and market leadership in this sunrise sector. For instance:
The allocation of Rs 35,000 crore of priority capital investment towards achieving net zero
by 2070 and clean energy transition ensures the country’s energy security.
The outlay of Rs 19,700 crore for the Green Hydrogen Mission will mobilise a green
hydrogen production capacity of 5 metric million tonnes by 2030.
Moreover, to encourage the optimal use of wetlands, enhance biodiversity, carbon stock, eco-
tourism opportunities and income generation for local communities, the Amrit Dharohar
scheme will be implemented over three years.
On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions: 2
(i) Define sustainable development.
(ii) Briefly elaborate, any two reasons behind the objective of Green Growth being set up
by the Indian Government. 4

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