I. Propositional Logic E.

Write each of the following

propositions in the form “p if and only if
A. Determine whether each statement is q” in English.
a proposition or not. (P or NP) a) If it is hot outside you buy an ice cream
1. Do you attend online classes? cone, and if you buy an ice cream cone it is
2. Discrete Math is a difficult subject. hot outside.
3. Praying is talking to God. b) For you to win the contest it is necessary
4. During this pandemic, alcohol is and sufficient that you have the only winning
necessary. ticket.
5. Maintain social distancing. c) You get promoted only if you have
connections, and you have connections only
B. Determine whether an inclusive or, or if you get promoted.
an exclusive or, is intended.
1. Coffee or tea comes with dinner. F. Show by the use of replacement rules
2. A password must have at least three that the two(2) compound propositions
digits or be at least eight characters long. below are logically equivalent
3. The prerequisite for the course is a 1. p → q ≡ ~q → ~ p
course in number theory or a course in 2. (~p ∧ q) ∧ (q → p) ≡ F
cryptography.
4. You can pay using U.S. dollars or II. Boolean Algebra
Philippine peso.
5. To enter the country, you need a passport A. Sum of products or product of sums:
or a voter registration card. 1. (B+C’+D)(A’+B)
2. AB’C’+A’BC
C. Write each of these statements in the 3. (X+Y’+Z’)(Y’+Z)(X’+Y)
form “if p, then q” in English. 4. M’N’O’+MNO’+MN’O
a) It snows whenever the wind blows from
the northeast. B. Given A = 0, B = 0, C = 1, D = 1,
b) The apple trees will bloom if it stays evaluate the following boolean functions.
warm for a week. (a) F = A’C’ + (B’ + C’) + AB + D’(BC’ + A’B’)
c) Jan will go swimming unless the water is (b) F = B’C’ + A(BD + C’D’) + D’(C + D)
too cold
C. Derive the truth table of the following
D. Find the converse, inverse, and Boolean expressions:
contrapositive of the following: (a) X’Y’+ X’Y
a) If a number ends with a 5, then the (b) F = (X’+Y +Z’) + XY’
number is divisible by 5.
b) If today is Friday, then yesterday was D. Construct circuits that produce the
Thursday. following outputs using 2-input logic
c) If I don’t get to school before 7:30, then I gates.
won’t be able to find a parking place. 1. (X + Y) X’
2. X’ ( Y + Z’)’
3. (X + Y + Z) (X’Y’ + Z)
I. II.
A. Determine the truth value of each of 1. This law implies that a proposition that is
these propositions. added or multiplied with itself produces the
S. A - 128MB RAM, 32GB ROM, 4MP original proposition.
S. B - 256MB RAM, 64GB ROM, 5MP a. Identity law
S. C - 288MB RAM, 32GB ROM, 8MP b. Idempotency
1. Smartphone A has the most RAM of c. Negation
these three smartphones. d. Domination
2. Smartphone C has more ROM or a 2. Determine which of the following
higher resolution camera than statements are true:
Smartphone B. (a) If -1 < 2, then 3 < 5
3. Smartphone B has more RAM, more (b) If x < 2, then x + 5 < 4
ROM, and a higher resolution (c) If 5 is odd, then 4 is even
camera than Smartphone A. a. (a)
4. If Smartphone B has more RAM, b. (b)
more ROM than Smartphone C, then c. (a) and (b)
it also has a higher resolution d. (a) and (c)
camera 3. Which of the following propositions is
5. Smartphone A has more RAM than correct?
Smartphone B if and only if a. The inverse of the implication p → q
Smartphone B has more RAM than is logically equivalent to p → q
Smartphone C. b. The converse of the implication
p → q is logically equivalent to the
B. Evaluate the truth tables of each inverse of p → q
proposition given p = F; q = T; r = T c. The converse of the implication
(True, False, Cannot be Determined) p → q is logically equivalent to the
1. (p → ~r) ↔ (~q^~r) contrapositive of p → q
2. (p ↔ q) ⊕ (p ↔ ~q) d. The contrapositive of the implication
3. (~p ^ q) → ~(q ⊕ r) p → q is logically equivalent to the
inverse of p → q
C. Given the following propositions p, q, 4. A sufficient condition that a triangle T be
and r; p is false, q is true, and r’s status a right triangle is that a^2 + b^2 = c^2. What
is unknown. Tell whether each is the equivalent statement in the “if p then
proposition is true, false, or cannot be q” format?
determined, a. T is a right triangle only if a^2 + b^2
= c^2.
1. p ^ q (q ↔ r) b. If a^2 + b^2 = c^2 then T is not a
2. p → r right triangle.
3. p v r c. If a^2 + b^2 = c^2 then T is a right
triangle
d. If T is a right triangle then a^2 + b^2
= c^2.
5. Which of the following is a tautology 10. Given the implication “A positive integer
a. (~p ^ q) ^ p is a prime if it has no divisors other than 1
b. ~ (p ^ q) v (q v r) and itself”. What is its converse?
c. ~ p ^ ~q a. If a positive integer has a divisor
d. (p ^ q) → p other than 1 and itself, then it is not
6. What is the true value of the conjunction a prime number.
~ (q ^ p) ^ r if p and q are both false b. If a positive integer, then it is not a
propositions and r is a true proposition? prime number.
a. Insufficient c. If a positive integer is a prime, then it
b. Neither true or false has no divisor other than 1 and itself.
c. False d. If a positive integer is not a prime,
d. True then it has no divisor other than 1
7. Determine all truth values of the and itself.
propositions p and q that will make the 11. Which of the following statements is the
given statement true . ~(p^q) contrapositive of the statement, “You win the
a. Both p and q are true game if you know the rules but are not over
b. P is true and q is false confident”.
c. At least one of p and q is false a. A sufficient condition that you win
d. Not p and q are false the games is that you know the rules
8. Determine the truth values of the or you're not over confident.
propositions p, q and r that will make the b. If you don’t know the rules or are
given statement false (p ^ q) v r over confident you lose the game.
a. r should be false, p and q may take c. If you did not win the game then you
any truth value except for both are don’t know the rules or you are over
true confident.
b. p should be false, either q is true, d. If you know the rules and are over
and r is false, or vice versa, or both confident then you win the game.
are true 12. Which of the following supports the
c. p and q should be false, r may be logical equivalence used for:
true or false ~ (q v p) V (p ^ q) = (q ^ p) V (p ^ q)
d. q should be false, p and r may either a. Absorption and Double Negation
be both true of both false b. Commutative Law and Double
9. What is the truth value of the conditional Negation
(p^(q v r)) → ((p ^ q) v (p ^ r)) if p and r are c. De Morgan’s Law and double
both false propositions and q is a true Negation
proposition? d. De Morgan’s Law and Commutative
a. True Law
b. False
c. Neither true or false
d. Information is insufficient
13. Which of the following propositions has c. 8
a truth value of false if p and q is true? d. 1
a. (~p ^ q) V (q ↔ p) 2. Which of the following is true?
b. p ↔ ~q a. (A+B)(A+C)=AC+AB
c. (p ^ q) → (q v p) b. (A+B)(A+C)=AB+C
d. (q → p) V (p ^ q) c. (A+B)(A+C)=A+BC
14. Which are the symbols for “Either a d. (A+B)(A+C)=AC+B
silent prayer can be heard through a storm e. None
or God who is far more than lightyears away 3. If A,B,C are Boolean variables, then (A +
listens”. B’) (AB’ + AC) (A’C’ + B’) simplifies to ___.
p: A silent prayer can be heard through a a. AC’ + B’
storm. b. None of the choices
q: It is a clean heart that counts in prayer. c. AB’
r: God who is far more than light years away d. AC’
listens. e. AC’ + B
a. p ^ ~r 4. The truth table shown may be expressed
b. p ↔ ~r by which of the following canonical
c. p v r expressions?
d. (p ^ ~) ↔ r
15. What is the verbal form of (r^p) ↔q?

III.
A. Identifying all the rules can be used to
prove the logical equivalence of the given
propositions. ~p → (~q v r) → r. (Select all
rules that are applicable to earn the points)
a. Rule 13 a. None of the choices
b. Rule 19 b. F(A,B,C) = ПM(1,4,5,7)
c. 1 table of conditional statement c. F(A,B,C) = Σm(1,4,5,7)
d. Rule 10 d. F(A,B,C) = Σm(0,1,2,3,6)
e. Rule 1 e. F(A,B,C) = ПM(0,2,3,6)
f. Rule 18 5. Given (A + BC’) (AB’ + C) = AB’ + AC. To
g. Rule 9 prove that these two expressions are equal,
h. Rule 12 what boolean laws or identities can be
B. Construct a truth table for the table given used?
a complex proposition. a. Rule #14
((p → r ) ^ (p ↔ q)) v r) ⟴ (~ q ↔ ~r) b. Rule #15
__________________________________ c. Rule #7
IV. d. Rule #8
1. If a 3-input AND gate has eight input e. Rule #1
possibilities, how many of those possibilities f. Rule #2
will result in a High output? g. Rule #3
a. 2 6. Obtain the other canonical form of the
b. 7 function F(A,B,C) = AB’ + BC’ + B’C’
 a. F(A,B,C) = ПM(0,2,4,5,6)
b. F(A,B,C) = Σm(0,2,3,4,6)
c. F(A,B,C) = ПM(0,2,3,4,6)
d. F(A,B,C) = ПM(1,3,7)
e. None of the choices
7. Given F(W,X,Y,Z) = Y’Z + WXZ’ + W’X’Z
+ WXY, what is the circuit diagram of the
simplified expression?

8. Obtain the simplified expression of the

function F(A.B.C) = Σm (0,1,4,5).
a. F(A,B,C) = AB + AC’ + A’B’
b. F(A,B,C) = AB + A’C’ + A’B’
c. F(A,B,C) = AB + BC + A’B’
d. A and C
e. None of the choices