CARPENTRY TOOLS AND TACKLES
Sl.Nos Types of Tools
1 Measuring and Marking Tools
2 Cutting Tools
3 Shaping and Finishing Tools
4 Fastening and Assembly Tools
5 Drilling Tools
7 Workholding Tools
8 Specialized Tools
Dated- 22.12.2024
CARPENTRY TOOLS AND TACKLES
Description of Tools
1. Tape Measure : Used for measuring length and dimensions of materials.
2. Ruler / Steel Rule : For accurate, straight measurements.
3. Combination Square : Used for measuring angles, marking straight lines, and checking
90° and 45° angles.
4. Calipers : Used for measuring internal and external dimensions with high accuracy.
5. Marking Gauge : Helps mark a consistent distance from a reference edge.
6. Chalk Line : For marking long, straight lines across large areas.
1. Hand Saw : A basic tool for cutting wood manually.
2. Circular Saw : A power tool for making straight cuts quickly and efficiently.
3. Jigsaw : A tool used for making curved cuts and intricate shapes.
4. Table Saw : A stationary tool with a circular blade, ideal for straight cuts, ripping, and
cross-cutting large boards.
5. Miter Saw : A tool used for making precise crosscuts and miter cuts at specific angles.
6. Chisels : For carving or shaping wood, available in various sizes for detailed work.
7. Rasps and Files : Used for smoothing or shaping wood.
1. Plane : Used to smooth and level wood surfaces.
2. Spokeshave : A hand tool used for shaping and smoothing wood, especially for curved
pieces.
3. Router : A versatile tool for hollowing out or shaping wood, often used for edges and
details.
4. Sanding Block or Electric Sander : Used to smooth surfaces and prepare wood for
finishing.
5. Scraper : For removing excess material or smoothing a surface.
1. Hammer : The most common tool for driving nails into wood.
2. Nail Gun : A power tool used for fast and efficient nail driving.
3. Screwdrivers : Essential for driving screws, with various sizes and head types.
4. Power Drill : For drilling holes and driving screws. Can also be used with other
attachments.
5. Clamps : Used for holding pieces of wood together while they are being glued, nailed, or
screwed.
6. Wood Glue : A strong adhesive for joining wood parts together.
1. Drill Bits : Used with a power drill to create holes of various sizes.
2. Countersink Drill Bit : For creating a recess for screw heads to sit flush with the wood
surface.
1. Workbench : A sturdy surface for working on projects.
2. Carpenter Vises : Clamps used to hold wood or other materials securely while you
work.
3. Wood Blocks : For securing delicate or small pieces while cutting or shaping.
1. Coping Saw : A small saw used for cutting intricate curves and details.
2. Dovetail Saw : A fine-toothed saw for precision cuts, often used in joinery.
3. Hole Saw : A specialized drill bit used for cutting larger holes.
4. Doweling Jigs : For creating precise holes for dowels in woodworking joints.
Types of Wood and Density
Density of Wood Average Density
Sl.Nos Types of Wood
( in Kg / M3 ) ( in Kg / M3 )
1 Teak 600 - 750 kg/m3 675
2 Sal 800 - 1,000 kg/m³ 900
3 Sandalwood 920 - 1,060 kg/m³ 990
4 Rosewood 850 - 1,100 kg/m³ 975
5 Mango 700 - 900 kg/m³ 800
6 Mahogany 600 - 800 kg/m³ 700
7 Bamboo 400 - 700 kg/m³ 550
8 Aloe Wood 750 - 950 kg/m³ 850
9 Pine 400 - 500 kg/m³ 450
10 Neem 600 - 700 kg/m³ 650
11 Jackfruit 600 - 700 kg/m³ 650
12 Acacia 600 - 900 kg/m³ 750
13 Ebony 1,100 - 1,400 kg/m³ 1250
14 Shisham 750 - 850 kg/m³ 800
15 Himalayan Cedar 420 - 460 kg/m³ 440
16 Babul 700 - 800 kg/m³ 750
17 Tamarind 650 - 750 kg/m³ 700
1. INDIAN TIMBERS FOR DOOR AND WINDOW SHUTTERS AND FRAMES — CLASSIFI
TEAK WOOD CLASSIFICATIONS
Teak wood in India is classified into different grades based on its quality, appearance, and other
characteristics.
Here are the common grades of teak wood:
A-Grade ( Best Quality )
Description: This is the highest quality teak wood, often referred to as "prime teak." It has
uniform color and texture with minimal defects, such as knots or cracks. It is straight-grained and
free from defects.
Usage: Used for high-end furniture, carvings, and luxurious wooden products.
Characteristics: The wood is dense, durable, and resistant to termites and rot. It has a golden
to rich brown color and is highly prized for its beauty and longevity.
2. B-Grade ( Medium Quality )
Description : B-grade teak is of slightly lower quality than A-grade, with some visible
defects such as small knots or color inconsistencies. However, it still has a smooth
surface and good strength.
Usage : Suitable for making medium-range furniture, doors, window frames, and paneling.
Characteristics The texture is still fine, but there may be minor blemishes or discoloration. It's
a more cost-effective option compared to A-grade teak.
3. C-Grade (Lower Quality)
Description: This grade of teak has more imperfections such as larger knots, cracks, and a less
uniform texture. It might have a less consistent color and may show signs of weathering.
Usage: Mostly used for construction purposes, such as doors, window frames, and other non-
furniture applications.
Characteristics: It is less durable than higher-grade teak and may require more maintenance.
4. D-Grade (Poor Quality)
Description: D-grade teak is of very low quality, often used for basic, industrial purposes. It has
numerous defects, including cracks, splits, and considerable color inconsistency.
Usage: This grade is typically used for low-cost construction and utility purposes.
Characteristics: The wood is not as durable and is prone to damage from external elements. It
may not be suitable for long-term use.
5. Burma Teak (Premium Quality)
Description: While not necessarily a grade, "Burma teak" refers to teak that comes from
Myanmar, known for its exceptional quality and durability.
Usage: It's often considered superior and is used in premium applications where the highest
durability and aesthetics are needed.
Characteristics: Burma teak is considered the best among teak types, with excellent resistance
to weathering and pests.
Price Range
The price of teak wood can vary greatly based on its grade, age, and origin. For example
:
A-Grade Teak :
Can range between INR 10,000 to INR 15,000 per cubic foot depending on the source and
market demand.
B-Grade Teak : Can cost around INR 6,000 to INR 8,000 per cubic foot.
C-Grade Teak : May be priced at around INR 3,000 to INR 5,000 per cubic foot.
D-Grade Teak
These prices are :subject
Typically
to costs less, around
fluctuations basedINR 1,500 to
on factors INR
like 3,000 per
location, cubic foot.
availability, and
demand.
