Practical # 08
Objective:
Demonstrate Queue and discuss all the operations performed on Queue.
Theory:
In this Lab, we discuss the Queue data type. Queue is a linear data structure in which the
insertion and deletion operations are performed at two different ends. In a queue data
structure, adding and removing elements are performed at two different positions. The
insertion is performed at one end and deletion is performed at another end. In a queue data
structure, the insertion operation is performed at a position which is known as 'rear' and
the deletion operation is performed at a position which is known as 'front'. In queue data
structure, the insertion and deletion operations are performed based on FIFO (First In
First Out) principle.
Basic Operations
The following operations are performed on a queue data structure:
1. enQueue(value) - (To insert an element into the queue)
2. deQueue() - (To delete an element from the queue)
3. display() - (To display the elements of the queue)
Queue data structure can be implemented in two ways. They are as follows
1. Using Array
2. Using Linked List
When a queue is implemented using an array, that queue can organize an only limited
number of elements. When a queue is implemented using a linked list, that queue can
organize an unlimited number of elements.
Queue Operations using Array
Queue data structure using array can be implemented as follows:
Before we implement actual operations, first follow the below steps to create an empty
queue.
Step 1 - Include all the header files which are used in the program and define a constant
'SIZE' with specific value.
Step 2 - Declare all the user defined functions which are used in queue implementation.
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Step 3 - Create a one dimensional array with above defined SIZE (int queue[SIZE])
Step 4 - Define two integer variables 'front' and 'rear' and initialize both with '-1'. (int
front = -1, rear = -1)
Step 5 - Then implement main method by displaying menu of operations list and make
suitable function calls to perform operation selected by the user on queue.
enQueue(value) - Inserting value into the queue
In a queue data structure, enQueue() is a function used to insert a new element into the
queue. In a queue, the new element is always inserted at rear position. The enQueue()
function takes one integer value as a parameter and inserts that value into the queue. We
can use the following steps to insert an element into the queue...
Step 1 - Check whether queue is FULL. (rear == SIZE-1)
Step 2 - If it is FULL, then display "Queue is FULL!!! Insertion is not possible!!!" and
terminate the function.
Step 3 - If it is NOT FULL, then increment rear value by one (rear++) and
set queue[rear] = value.
deQueue() - Deleting a value from the Queue
In a queue data structure, deQueue() is a function used to delete an element from the
queue. In a queue, the element is always deleted from front position. The deQueue()
function does not take any value as parameter. We can use the following steps to delete an
element from the queue...
Step 1 - Check whether queue is EMPTY. (front == rear)
Step 2 - If it is EMPTY, then display "Queue is EMPTY!!! Deletion is not possible!!!" and
terminate the function.
Step 3 - If it is NOT EMPTY, then increment the front value by one (front ++). Then display
queue[front] as deleted element. Then check whether both front and rear are equal
(front == rear), if it TRUE, then set both front and rear to '-1' (front = rear = -1).
display() - Displays the elements of a Queue
We can use the following steps to display the elements of a queue...
Step 1 - Check whether queue is EMPTY. (front == rear)
Step 2 - If it is EMPTY, then display "Queue is EMPTY!!!" and terminate the function.
Step 3 - If it is NOT EMPTY, then define an integer variable 'i' and set 'i = front+1'.
Step 4 - Display 'queue[i]' value and increment 'i' value by one (i++). Repeat the same until
'i' value reaches to rear (i <= rear)
Lab Objectives:
To be able to perform fundamental operations on Queue.
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C++ program: Write C++ program to implement QUEUE using Array.
OUTPUT
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Review Questions/ Exercise:
1. Explain the procedure of Queue implementation using linked list.
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2. Write C++ program to implement the Queue using linked list
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Name: _____
Roll #: _____
Date: _____
Subject Teacher
Remarks:
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