� Affected by Matter, Energy and
NCM 103 LECTURE Information
PRELIM TOPICS: ❖ Matter – food, medicine,
microorganisms etc.
1. CONCEPTS OF MAN AND HIS BASIC ❖ Energy – pain, fever, inflammation
HUMAN NEEDS: etc.
4 Major Attributes of Human Being: ❖ Information –diagnosis of an illness,
1. The capacity to think. pregnancy, need to undergo surgery,
treatments,
2. Family.
death of a loved one, etc.
3. Seek and maintain territory.
4. Use verbal symbols as language.
Man as a Closed System (Roy)
NURSING CONCEPTS OF MAN ACCORDING TO
SISTER CALISTA ROY � Humans have closed circulatory system
s. This means that blood is always
� Man is a Biopsychosocial and Spiritual enclosed in vessels and the heart while
being who is in constant contact with circulating throughout the body.
the environment (Roy)
Man is a Unified Whole (MARTHA Rogers):
� As a Biologic being, all men have the
same basic human needs. Ex. Genes, � Composed of parts which are
Nutrition interdependent and interrelated with
each other
� As Psychologic being, man is like no
other man. Man is unique, � Different organs and organ systems
irreplaceable, one-time being. function together, therefore, no single
organ or organ system is affected
Ex. Emotions, Behaviors without affecting other organs of or
� As a Social being, man is like some organ systems.
other men, group of people have
common attributes
(beliefs, practices, religions, language, social
status, educational status etc.) Man is composed of Subsystems and
Suprasystems (Rogers):
� As a Spiritual being, all men believe in
existence of a Supreme Power, source � Subsystems are the cells, tissues,
of meaning and purpose of life organs, organ systems
Man is an Open system (Roy): In constant � Suprasystems are his family,
interaction with a changing environment community, and the society
� Allows input and output � Man is an individual with vital
reparative processes to deal with
diseases and utilizing the environment
for his recovery (FLORENCE
Nightingale)
(VIRGINIA Henderson): Man is a whole,
complete and independent being who
has 14 fundamental needs to:
� Breath
� Eat and drink
� Eliminate
� Move and maintain posture
� Sleep and rest
� Dress and Undress
� Maintain body temperature
� Keep clean
� Avoid danger NCM 103 LECTURE I: Fundamentals of
� Communicate Nursing
� Worship
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
� Work
� Play This course deals with concepts, principles,
� Learn theories and techniques basic to nursing as a
profession, science and arts; it emphasizes on
the concept of man as a holistic being and the
professional roles of the nurse in healthcare
� Man initiates and performs self-care
setting. The learners are expected to utilize the
activities on own behalf in maintaining
nursing process and the basic nursing skills as
life, health, and well-being
primary tool in health promotion, disease
(DOROTHEA Orem)
prevention, restoration and maintenance, and
� The Basic Human Needs: ABRAHAM rehabilitation.
MASLOW
A. NURSING AS A PROFESSION
PROFESSION
▪ an occupation that requires extensive
education and preparation
▪ a calling that requires special
knowledge, skill and qualification
CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION: E. Code of Ethics (Nurses)
A. Specialized Education: • High value on the worth and dignity of
PAST: Nurses are educated in hospitals others
PRESENT: Education has shifted to
• Requires integrity of its members – DO
programs in Colleges and Universities
WHAT IS CONSIDERED RIGHT regardless
(Bachelors of Science in Nursing)
of the personal cost
Liberal Arts in addition to Biologic
and Social Sciences according to • A means to monitor the professional
Nursing Educators behavior of its members
B. Body of Knowledge:
⮚ knowledge and F. Autonomy
expertise • A profession is autonomous if it
⮚ conceptual frameworks regulates itself and sets standards for
contribute and gives its members
direction to nursing
practice, education, and • Purpose for a professional association
on-going research • Nursing – formation of policy and in
C. Service Orientation: control of its activities
⮚ Nursing has a tradition of
service to others • Nurse - means independence at work,
⮚ Altruism (selfless concern for responsibility and accountability for
others) one’s action
⮚ Guided by certain rules,
G. Professional Organization
policies, or code of ethics
• Operation under a professional
D. Ongoing Research:
organization
Increasing research in nursing
• Nurses needs to work within their
contributed to nursing practice
professional organization
• 1940 – early stage of
development
• 1950 – increase funding and
professional support establish • ANA (American Nurse’s Association)
centers for nursing research
✔ fosters high standards of
Early researches was directed to the nursing practice
study of Nursing Education
✔ promoting rights of nurses in
• 1960 – studies were related to the the workplace
nature of the knowledge on underlying
PNA (Philippine Nurse’s Association)
Nursing Practice
PROFESSIONALISM:
• 1970 – nursing research is focused on
practice related issues ⮚ refers to professional character,
spirit or methods
⮚ a set of attributes, a way of life that NURSING: DEFINITIONS
implies responsibility and Virginia Henderson -Nursing is the act of
commitment assisting the individual, sick or well contributing
⮚ Nursing professionalism owes much to health or its recovery (or to a peaceful death)
to the influence of Florence
Nightingale -That he would perform unaided if he had the
necessary strength, will, or knowledge, to help
him gain independence as rapidly as possible.
PROFESSIONALIZATION:
NURSE: DEFINITION
⮚ a process of becoming a
professional ⮚ Comes from a Latin word Nutrix “to
⮚ acquiring characteristics nourish” or “to cherish”
considered to be professional ⮚ One who cares for the sick, the injured,
and the physically, mentally, and
NURSING: DEFINITIONS
emotionally disabled
NURSING (as an art)
⮚ An essential member of a health team
▪ An art in caring for a sick and well
individual
▪ The art in skills and methods in assisting
patients in their recovery and in the Who is a PROFESSIONAL NURSE? A person
promotion and maintenance of health. whose name and registration/professional
license number is entered in the
▪ Application of knowledge in the service
Commission’s registry book and
of people
computerized database as legally
NURSING: DEFINITIONS authorized to practice the nursing
NURSING (as a science) profession.
“body of abstract knowledge” arrived Professional qualities of a nurse
through scientific research and logical
⮚ Have a license to practice nursing in
analysis
the country
⮚ to achieve optimal health ⮚ Have a Bachelor of Science degree
⮚ to diagnose and treat human responses in Nursing
to actual or potential problem. ⮚ Be physically and mentally fit
⮚ Must not be convicted of any moral
NURSING: DEFINITIONS turpitude ( act or behavior that
NURSING (as a profession) violates standards of a community)
• A calling in which its members acquires ⮚ Interest and willingness to work and
special knowledge by training or learn with individual groups in a
experience variety of settings.
⮚ A warm personality and concern for
NURSING: DEFINITIONS people.
Florence Nightingale- Nursing is the act of
utilizing the environment of the patient to assist
him in his recovery.
⮚ Resourcefulness and creativity as
well as a well – balanced emotional
condition
⮚ Capacity and ability to work
cooperatively with others
⮚ Initiative to improve self and service
⮚ Competence in performing work
through the use of nursing process
⮚ Skill in decision – making,
communicating, and relating with
others and being research oriented
⮚ Active participation in issues
confronting nurses and nursing
