See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/279633297

On Soft Dual Space of Soft Normed Spaces

Article · June 2015

Source: arXiv

CITATIONS READS

0 112

3 authors, including:

Murat Ibrahim Yazar Tunay Bilgin

Karamanoglu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Yuzuncu Yil University
5 PUBLICATIONS 5 CITATIONS 43 PUBLICATIONS 177 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Distance Measure, Similarity Measure, Entropy and Inclusion Measure on Temporal Intuitionistic Fuzzy
Sets View project

Estimation of The Vocational High School Students’ Science Courses Academic Achievements With
Artificial Neural Network and Precautions to Avoid Failure ( Turkey and Malaysia Comparison) View
project

All content following this page was uploaded by Tunay Bilgin on 13 July 2015.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 On Soft Dual Space of Soft Normed Spaces
Murat Ibrahim YAZARa , Yılmaz ALTUNb , Tunay BILGINc ,
a
Department of Mathematics,Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
b
Department of Mathematics, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey
c
Department of Secondary Education Science and Mathematics Fields Teaching,
arXiv:1506.08950v1 [math.FA] 30 Jun 2015

Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey

e-mails: [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]

Abstract
The concept of Soft set theory was introduced by Molodtsov in
the study [8]. Soft real numbers and properties were introduced
in the study [6] and soft normed space was defined in [11] . In
this study, firstly we obtain a soft normed space by defining a soft
norm on (Real numbers) which is called soft normed real space.
By using this normed space we define the soft linear functional
and investigate some of its properties. Secondly, we introduce soft
dual space and soft dual operator and investigate their properties.
Finally, we state and prove the theorem about representation of
soft linear functional by inner product in soft Hilbert spaces.
Key Words and Phrases. Soft normed space, soft linear functional, soft dual
space, soft Hilbert space.

1. INTRODUCTION

Molodtsov [8] introduced the notion of soft set to overcome uncertainties which
cannot be dealth with by classical methods in many areas such as environmental
science, economics, medical science, engineering and social sciences. This theory is
applicable where there is no clearly defined mathematical model. Recently, many
papers concerning soft sets have been published; see [1-7]
The concept of soft point was defined in different approaches. Among these,
the soft point given in [2, 6] is more accurate. Also in the study [6], S.Das and et
all introduced the concept of soft metric and investigated some properties of soft
metric spaces.
S.Das and et all introduced the concept of soft element in [10] and defined a
soft vector space by using the concept of soft element. After then they studied on
soft normed spaces, soft linear operators, soft inner product spaces and their basic
properties [3, 4, 9]. Later [11] defined the soft vector space by using the concept
of soft point and introduced the soft normed spaces in a new point of view. In the
study [12] soft inner product space was defined.
In this study, we progress on the studies [11, 12] by defining soft normed real
space. In this study we define a soft inner product on soft normed real space. We
introduce the soft linear functional and show that the space of soft linear functionals
is a soft vector space and this soft vector space is the dual space of soft normed real
space. Also, we study some properties of soft linear functionals and soft dual spaces.
Finally, after defining the soft rel line SV (R̃) we state and prove the theorem about
representation of soft linear functional by inner product in soft Hilbert spaces.
1
2

2. PRELIMINARIES
Definition 1. ([8]) A pair (F, E) is called a soft set over X ,where F is a mapping
given by F : E → P (X).
Definition 2. ([7]) A soft set (F, E) over X is said to be a null soft set denoted
by Φ, if for all e ∈ E, F (e) = φ (null set).
Definition 3. ([7]) A soft set (F, E) over X is said to be an absolute soft set
denoted by X̃, if for all ε ∈ E, F (e) = X.
Definition 4. ([7]) For two soft sets (F, A) and (G, B) over X, (F, A) is called a
soft subset of (G, B) if
i. A ⊆ B, and
ii. ∀ε ∈ A, F (ε) ⊆ G(ε) are identical approximations.
˜
This relationship is denoted by (F, A)⊂(G, B). In this case, (G, B) is called a
soft superset of (F, A).
Definition 5. ([7]) Two soft sets (F, A) and (G, B) over X are said to be soft equal
if (F, A) is a soft subset of (G, B) and (G, B) is a soft subset of (F, A).
Definition 6. ([7])The union of two soft sets (F, A) and (G, B) over X is the soft
set, where C = A ∪ B and ∀ε ∈ C,

 F (ε) , if ε ∈ A − B
H(ε) = G(ε) , if ε ∈ B − A

F (ε) ∪ G(ε) , if ε ∈ A ∩ B
˜ (G, B) = (H, C).
This relationship is denoted by (F, A)∪
Definition 7. ([7]) The complement of a soft set (F, A) is denoted by (F, A)c and
is defined by (F, A)c = (F c , A) where F c : A → P (X) is a mapping given by
F c (α) = U − F (α), ∀α ∈ A.
Definition 8. ([7]) The intersection of two soft sets (F, A) and (G, B) over a
common universe X is the soft set (H, C), where C = A ∩ B and for all ε ∈ C,
˜ (G, B) = (H, C).
H(ε) = F (ε) ∩ G(ε). We write (F, A)∩
Definition 9. ([5]) Let R be the set of real numbers and B(R) be the collection of
all non-empty bounded subsets of R and E taken as a set of parameters. Then a
mapping F : E → B(R) is called a soft real set. If a soft real set is a singleton soft
set, it will be called a soft real number and denoted by r̃, s̃, t̃ etc.
0̃, 1̃ are the soft real numbers where 0̃(e) = 0, 1̃(e) = 1 for all e ∈ E , respectively.
Definition 10. ([5]) Let r̃, s̃ be two soft real numbers. then the following statements
are hold;
(i) ˜ if
r̃ ≤s̃ r̃(e) ≤ s̃(e), for all e ∈ E ;
(ii) ˜
r̃ ≥es if r̃(e) ≥ s̃(e), for all e ∈ E ;
(iii) ˜ se if
r̃ < r̃(e) < s̃(e), for all e ∈ E ;
(iv) ˜ s̃ if
r̃ > r̃(e) > s̃(e), for all e ∈ E ;
Definition 11. ([2, 6]) A soft set (F, E) over X is said to be a soft point if there
is exactly one e ∈ E, such that F (e) = {x} for some x ∈ X and F (e′ ) = ∅,
∀e′ ∈ E/ {e}. It will be denoted by x̃e .
 3

Definition 12. ([2, 6]) Two soft point x̃e , ỹe′ are said to be equal if e = e′ and
x = y. Thus x̃e 6= ỹe′ ⇔ x 6= y or e 6= e′ .
Proposition 1. ([2]) Every soft set can be expressed as a union of all soft points
belonging to it. Conversely, any set of soft points can be considered as a soft set.
Let SP (X̃) be the collection of all soft points of X̃ and R(E)∗ denote the set of
all non-negative soft real numbers.
Definition 13. ([6]) A mapping d˜ : SP (X̃) × SP (X̃) → R(E)∗ is said to be a soft
metric on the soft set X̃ if d˜ satisfies the following conditions:
˜ e , ỹe )≥
(M1) d(x̃ ˜ 0̃ for all x̃e1 , ỹe2 ∈
˜ X̃,
1 2
˜ e , ỹe ) = 0̃ if and only if x̃e = ỹe ∈
(M2) d(x̃ ˜ X̃,
1 2 1 2

(M3) d(x̃ ˜ e , x̃e ) for all x̃e , ỹe ∈

˜ e , ỹe ) = d(ỹ ˜ X̃,
1 2 2 1 1 2
˜ ˜ ˜ ˜ ˜ e2 , z̃e3 ).
(M4) For all x̃e1 , ỹe2 , z̃e3 ∈X̃, d(x̃e1 , z̃e3 )≤ d(x̃e1 , ỹe2 ) + d(ỹ
The soft set X̃ with a soft metric d˜ is called a soft metric space and denoted by
˜ E).
(X̃, d,
Let X be a vector space over a field K (K = R) and the parameter set E be
the real number set R.
Definition 14. ([11]) Let (F, E) be a soft set over X. The soft set (F, E) is said to
be a soft vector and denoted by x̃e if there is exactly one e ∈ E, such that F (e) = {x}
for some x ∈ X and F (e′ ) = ∅, ∀e′ ∈ E/ {e} .
The set of all soft vectors over X̃ will be denoted by SV (X̃).
Proposition 2. ([11]) The set SV (X̃) is a vector space according to the following
operations;
(1) x̃e + ỹe′ = (x]+ y)(e+e′ ) for every x̃e , ỹe′ ∈ SV (X̃);
(2) r̃.x̃e = (f
rx)(re) for every x̃e ∈ SV (X̃) and for every soft real number r̃.
Definition 15. ([11]) Let SV (X̃) be a soft vector space and M̃ ⊂ SV (X̃) be a
subset. If M̃ is a soft vector space, then M̃ is said to be a soft vector subspace of
˜
SV (X̃) and denoted by SV (M̃ )⊂SV (X̃).
Definition 16. ([11]) Let SV (X̃) be a soft vector space. Then a mapping
k.k : SV (X̃) → R+ (E)
is said to be a soft norm on SV (X̃), if k.ksatisfies the following conditions:
(N1). kx̃e k ≥˜ 0̃ for all x̃e ∈
˜ SV (X̃) and kx̃e k = 0̃ ⇔ x̃e = θ̃0 ;
˜ SV (X̃) and for every soft scalar r̃;
(N2). kr̃.x̃e k = |r̃| kx̃e k for all x̃e ∈
(N3). kx̃e + ỹe′ k ≤˜ kx̃e k + kỹe′ k for all x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
˜ SV (X̃).
The soft vector space SV (X̃) with a soft norm k.k on X̃ is said to be a soft
normed linear space and is denoted by (X̃, k.k).

Definition 17. ([11]) A sequence of soft vectors x̃nen in (X̃, k.k) is said to be
convergent to x̃0e0 ,if lim x̃nen − x̃0e0 = 0̃ and denoted by x̃nen → x̃0λ0 as n → ∞.
n→∞

Definition 18. ([11]) A sequence of soft vectors x̃nen in (X̃, k.k) is said to
be a soft Cauchy sequence if corresponding to every ε̃> ˜ 0̃ , ∃m ∈ N such that
i j ˜ ∀i, j ≥ m i.e., x̃ei − x̃ej → 0̃ as i, j → ∞.
x̃ei − x̃ej <ε̃, i j
4

Proposition 3. ([11]) Every soft convergent sequence is a soft Cauchy sequence.

Definition 19. ([11]) Let (X̃, k.k) be a soft normed linear space. Then (X̃, k.k) is
said to be complete if every soft Cauchy sequence in X̃ converges to a soft vector
of X̃.
Definition 20. ([11]) Every soft complete soft normed linear space is called a soft
Banach space.
Proposition 4. ([11]) Every soft normed space is a soft metric space.
Definition 21. ([11]) Let T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) be a soft mapping. Then T is said
to be soft linear operator if
˜ SV (X̃),
(L1). T is additive, i.e.,T (x̃e + ỹe′ ) = T (x̃e ) + T (ỹe′ ) for every x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
(L2). T is homogeneous, i.e., for every soft scalar r̃, T (r̃x̃e ) = r̃.T (x̃e ) for every
˜ SV (X̃),
x̃e ∈
Definition 22. ([11]) The soft operator T : SV (X̃)  → SV (Ỹ ) is said to be soft
continuous at x̃0e0 ∈
˜ SV (X̃) if for every soft sequence x̃nen of soft vectors of X̃ with
x̃nen → x̃0e0 as n → ∞, we have T (x̃nen ) → T (x̃0e0 ) as n → ∞. If T is soft continuous
at each soft vector of SV (X̃), then T is said to be soft continuous operator.
Definition 23. ([11])The soft operator T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) is said to be soft
bounded, if there exists a soft real number M̃ such that
˜ M̃ kx̃e k ,
kT (x̃e )k ≤
˜ SV (X̃).
for all x̃e ∈
Theorem 1. ([11]) The soft operator T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) is soft continuous if
and only if it is soft bounded.
Definition 24. ([11])Let T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) be a soft continuous operator .
n o
˜ M̃ kx̃e k
kT k = inf M̃ : kT (x̃e )k ≤
is said to be a norm of T.
˜ kT k kx̃e k .
It is obvious that kT (x̃e )k ≤
Theorem 2. ([11])Let T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) be a soft operator. Then,
kT (x̃e )k
kT k = sup = sup kT (x̃e )k
x̃e 6=θ̃0 kx̃e k ˜
kx̃e k≤1

Theorem 3. ([11]) Let T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) be a soft operator then kT kis a soft
norm.
Theorem 4. ([11])Let T : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) and S : SV (Ỹ ) → SV (Z̃) be two
soft operators.Then
a)
kS ◦ T k ≤˜ kSk kT k ;
b) If T : SV (X̃) → SV (X̃) is a soft operator, then
˜ kT kn .
kT n k ≤
is satisfied.
 5

Definition 25. ([12]) Let SV (X̃) be a soft vector space. The mapping

< . >: SV (X̃) → SV (X̃) → R(E)

(is called a soft inner product on SV (X̃) iff it satisfies the following conditions, for
˜ SV (X̃) and for every soft reel number α̃ where R(E) is the soft
every x̃e , ỹe′ , z̃e′′ ∈
reel number set:
I1. < x̃e , x̃e > ≥ ˜ 0̃ and < x̃e , x̃e >= 0̃ ⇔ x̃e = θ̃ 0 ,
I2. < x̃e , ỹe′ >= < ỹe′ , x̃e >,
I3. < α̃x̃e , ỹe′ >=< x̃e , α̃ỹe′ >= α̃ < x̃e , ỹe′ >,
I4. < x̃e + ỹe′ , z̃e′′ >=< x̃e , z̃e′′ > + < ỹe′ , z̃e′′ > .
The triple (SV (X̃), < . >, E) is called soft inner product space.
Proposition 5. ([12]) (Parallelogram Law) Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) be a soft inner
˜ SV (X̃)
product space. For every x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
 
2 2 2 2
kx̃e + ỹe′ k + kx̃e − ỹe′ k = 2 kx̃e k + kỹe′ k .
is satisfied.
Theorem 5. ([12]) Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) be a soft inner product space. For every
˜ SV (X̃)
x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
˜ kx̃e k kỹe′ k
|< x̃e , ỹe′ >| ≤
is hold.
Proposition 6. ([12])A soft inner product function is continuous
n o in a soft in-
 n
ner product space. In other words, If x̃en −→ x̃e and ỹen′n −→ ỹe′ then
< x̃nen , ỹen′n >−→< x̃e , ỹe′ > .

n o 7. ([12]) Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) be a soft inner product space and
Proposition
 n
x̃en , ỹen′n be soft Cauchy sequences in this space. In this case, < x̃nen , ỹen′n > is
also a soft Cauchy sequence.
Definition 26. ([12]) Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) be a soft inner product space If this
space is complete according to the induced norm by the soft inner product then
(SV (X̃), < . >, E) is said to be a soft Hilbert space.

3. Soft Dual Spaces

Proposition 8. Given the soft vector space SV (R̃) = {x̃e : x ∈ R, e ∈ R} and for
˜ SV (R̃), let us define the mapping < . >: SV (R̃) × SV (R̃) → R(E)
every x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
(E = R) as follows
< x̃e , ỹe′ >= x.y + e.é
In this case the mapping < . > is an inner product on SV (R̃).
Proof. I1. For every x̃e ∈ ˜ 0̃
˜ SV (R̃), < x̃e , x̃e >= x.x + e.e+ = x2 + e2 ≥
< x̃e , x̃e >= 0 ⇔= 0
⇔ e = 0 and x = θ
⇔ x̃e = θ̃0
6

˜ SV (R̃),
I2. For every x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
< x̃e , ỹe′ >= x.y + e.e′ = y.x + e.e′ =< ỹe′ , x̃e > .
˜ R(E) and ∀x̃e , ỹe′ ∈
I3. For every α̃∈ ˜ SV (R̃),
< α̃x̃e , ỹe′ >= α̃x.y + α̃e.e′ = α̃x.y + e. (α̃e′ ) =< x̃e , α̃ỹe′ > .
˜ SV (R̃),
I4. For every x̃e , ỹe′ , z̃e′′ ∈
< x̃e + ỹe′ , z̃e′′ >=< (x]
+ y)(e+e′ ) , z̃e′′ >
= (x + y) .z + (e + e′ )e′′
= xz + e.e′′ + y.z + e′ e′′
= < x̃e , z̃e′′ > + < ỹe′ , z̃e′′ > .
Thus, (SV (R̃), < . >, E) is a soft inner product space.

Remark 1. The induced norm from the soft inner product defined in the preceding
proposition is p
kx̃e k = x2 + e2
where k.k : SV (R̃) × SV (R̃) → R+ (E) (E = R).
Also, the induced soft metric from the soft norm is
q
˜ e , ỹe′ ) = (x − y)2 + (e − e′ )2
d(x̃
where d˜ : SV (R̃) × SV (R̃) −→ R+ (E) (E = R)
Proposition 9. The soft inner product space (SV (R̃), < . >, E) (E = R) is a soft
Euclidean space.
Proof. Let us take a soft Cauchy sequence {x̃nen } in the soft metric space (SV (R̃),
˜ In this case, for every soft reel number ε̃>
d). ˜ 0̃ there exists a n0 ∈ N such that for
∀m, n ≥ n0 q
˜ n , x̃m )≤
d(x̃ en
˜ (xn − xm )2 + (en − em )2 <ε̃.
em ˜
Thus for ∀m, n ≥ n0 we have |xn − xm |2 + |en − em |2 <ε̃
˜ 2 . Since |xn − xm | <ε̃
˜ and
|e − e | <ε̃ {x } and {e } are Cauchy sequence in R. Since R is a complete space
n m ˜ n n

there exist real numbers x and e such that {xn } −→ x and {en } −→ e.
If we take the real number e as a parameter of the real number x then we have
the soft sequence x̃e and we obtain {x̃nen } −→ x̃e . Finally, since x ∈ R and e ∈ R
˜ SV (R̃). Since the soft Cauchy sequence {x̃nen } is arbitary the soft space
we have x̃e ∈
SV (R̃) is a soft Eucllidean space. 
˜ SV (X̃), f : X →
Definition 27. Let (SV (X̃), k.k , E) be a soft normed space, x̃e ∈
R be a linear functional and ϕ : R → R be a function. The mapping
(f, ϕ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃)
which is defined as follows
(f, ϕ)(x̃e ) = (fg
(x))ϕ(e)
is called a soft functional.
Proposition 10. The soft functional (f, ϕ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃) is linear if and
only if the function ϕ : R → R is linear.
 7

˜ SV (X̃) and λ∈
Proof. Let x̃e , ỹe′ ∈ ˜ R̃. In this case (f, ϕ) is linear if and only if
     
(f, ϕ)(λ̃. (x̃e ) + ỹe′ ) = (f, ϕ) λx f ^
+ ỹe′ = (f, ϕ) λx + y
λe λe+e′
   
= ^
f (λx + y) = f (λx)^ + f (y)
ϕ(λe+e′ ) ϕ(λe)+ϕ(e′ )

= f^
(λx)ϕ(λe) + fg
(y)ϕ(e′ ) = λ̃.(fg
(x))ϕ(e) + (fg
(y))ϕ(e′ )
where ϕ : R → R is linear. 

Proposition 11. The space of soft linear functionals is a soft vector space.
Proof. Let (f, ϕ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃), (g, ψ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃) be soft functionals
where f : X → R, g : X → R and x̃e ∈ ˜ R̃. Then we have
˜ SV (X̃) , λ̃∈
((f, ϕ) + (g, ψ)) (x̃e ) = ((f, ϕ) + (g, ψ)) (x̃e )
= ((f + g) , (ϕ + ψ)) (x̃e )
= (f ^
+ g) (x)(ϕ+ψ)(e)
 
= ^
f (x) + g(x)
ϕ(e)+ψ(e)

since X is a vector space for the functionals f : X → R, g : X → R we

have f (x) + g(x) ∈ R and for the function ϕ : R → R we have ϕ(e)+ψ(e) ∈ R which
 
means that f (x)^ + g(x) ˜ SV (R̃) and consequently we have (f, ϕ)◦(g, ψ)
∈
ϕ(e)+ψ(e)
:SV (X̃) → SV (R̃).
On the other hand,
 
^
λ̃.(A, ϕ) (x̃e ) = λ̃A, λ̃ϕ (x̃e ) = (λA) (x)λϕ(e) .

Definition 28. The soft norm of the soft linear functional (f, ϕ) is defined as
follows
n o
˜ M̃ kx̃e k
k(f, ϕ)k = inf M̃ : k(f, ϕ)(x̃e )k ≤

is said to be a norm of (f, ϕ) where M̃ is a soft real number.

˜ k(f, ϕ)k kx̃e k .
It is obvious that k(f, ϕ)(x̃e )k ≤
Remark 2. The space of soft linear functionals is a soft normed space.
Remark 3. Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) (E = R) be a soft inner product space. For
the parameter e = 0 the soft vector space SV (X̃) is equal to the vector space X
and we have the inner product space (X, < . >0 ) = SV (X̃0 ) which is a subspace of
(SV (X̃), < . >, E). Here, The vector space X may not be a inner product space.
Proposition 12. Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) (E = R) be a soft inner product space.
˜ SV (X̃) let us define the operator I : SV (X̃) → X where I (x̃e ) = x
For every x̃e ∈
∈ X . The restriction of the operator I to SV (X̃0 ) denoted by I SV (X̃0 ) :→ X
where I (x̃0 ) = x is a bijection and consequently SV (X̃0 ) ∼ X.
8

Remark 4. For the parameter e = 0 the soft vector space X̃0 is equal to the vector
˜ X̃0 we can write < x, y >=<
space X and thus for every x, y ∈ X and x0 , y0 ∈
x0 , y0 > .
Theorem 6. Let (SV (X̃), < . >, E) (E = R) be a soft inner product space and
(f, ϕ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃) be a soft functional. In this case we can state the term
(f, ϕ)(x̃e ) = (fg
(x))ϕ(e) interms of soft inner paroduct as given below
(f, ϕ)(x̃e ) = <^
x, u ><e,v>
where f (x) =< x, u > and ϕ(e) =< e, v > . Moreover,
kf k = kuk , kϕk = kvk .
Proof. For (f, ϕ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃) we have the functions f : X → R and
ϕ : R → R. If f : X → R then for every x0 ∈
˜ X̃0 there exist a vector u0 ∈ X0 such
that
f (x0 ) =< x0 , u0 > .
Since for the parameter e = 0 we have < x, y >=< x0 , y0 > then
f (x) =< x, u >
Similarly If ϕ : R → R then for every parameter e ∈ R there exist a real number
v ∈ R such that
ϕ(e) =< e, v > .
Consequently, we have
(3.1) (f, ϕ)(x̃e ) = <^
x, u ><e,v> .
From the equation 3.1 we can write
(3.2) k(f, ϕ)(x̃e )k = k< x, u ><e,v> k
p
= < x, u >2 + < e, v >2
p
≤ x2 .u2 + e2 .v 2
p
≤ u2 + v 2
On the other hand
(3.3) k(f, ϕ)(x̃e )k = (fg
(x))ϕ(e)
p
= f 2 (x) + ϕ2 (e)
q
2 2 2 2
≤ kf k kxk + kϕk kek
q
2 2
≤ kf k + kϕk
from the inequalities 3.2 and 3.3 we have kf k = kuk and kϕk = kvk 

Conclusion 1. Let (f, ϕ) : SV (X̃) → SV (R̃) be a soft functional. for every

˜ SV (X̃) there exist u ∈ X and v ∈ R such that kf k = kuk and kϕk = kvk and
xe ∈
consequently k(f, ϕ)k = kuv k
Definition 29. The soft vector space of soft linear functionals is called the soft
dual space of the soft vector space SV (X̃) and denoted by SV (X̃)∗
 9

Definition 30. Let (SV (X̃), k.k , E) , (SV (Ỹ ), k.k , E) (E = R) be soft normed
spaces, (A, ψ) : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) , (A, ψ)∗ : SV (Ỹ )∗ → SV (X̃)∗ be soft linear
operators where A : X → Y , ψ : R → R, A∗ : Y ∗ → X ∗ , ψ ∗ : R∗ → R∗ ,
˜ SV (X̃) and (f, ϕ) : SV (Ỹ ) → SV (R̃) be a soft linear functional. In this case
x̃e ∈
we have
(A, ψ)∗ (f, ϕ) = (f, ϕ) ◦ (A, ψ)
Proposition 13. Let (A, ψ) : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) be a soft operator. Then (A, ψ)∗ :
SV (Ỹ )∗ → SV (X̃)∗ is a soft linear operator.
˜ SV (X̃)∗ and λ̃∈
Proof. Let (f, ϕ), (g, ψ)∈ ˜ R̃. In this case, since (A, ψ), (f, ϕ) and
(g, ψ) are linear we have
   
(A, ψ)∗ λ̃(f, ϕ) + (g, ψ) = λ̃(f, ϕ) + (g, ψ) ◦ (A, ψ)
= λ̃(f, ϕ) ◦ (A, ψ) + (g, ψ) ◦ (A, ψ)
 
= (A, ψ)∗ λ̃(f, ϕ) + (A, ψ)∗ ((g, ψ)) .

Theorem 7. If the soft linear operator (A, ψ) : SV (X̃) → SV (Ỹ ) is continuous
then (A, ψ)∗ : SV (Ỹ )∗ → SV (X̃)∗ is continuous.
˜ SV (X̃) be any soft vector.
Proof. Let x̃e ∈
(3.4) k(A, ψ)∗ (f, ϕ) (x̃e )k = k(f, ϕ) ((A, ψ) (x̃e ))k
≤ k(f, ϕ)k k(A, ψ) (x̃e )k
≤ k(A, ψ)k k(f, ϕ)k kx̃e k .
from the Inequality 3.4 we have
k(A, ψ)∗ (f, ϕ)k ≤ k(A, ψ)k k(f, ϕ)k
and consequently,
(3.5) k(A, ψ)∗ k ≤ k(A, ψ)k
since (A, ψ) is continuous it is bounded according to the Theorem 2. Since (A, ψ)
is bounded then (A, ψ)∗ is bounded and as a result it is continuous. 

References
[1] M.I. Ali, F. Feng, X. Liu, W.K. Min and M. Shabir, On some new operations in soft set
theory, Comput. Math. Appl.49(2005) 1547-1553.
[2] S. Bayramov, C. Gunduz(Aras), Soft locally compact and soft paracompact spaces, Journal
of Mathematics and System Science, 3(2013) 122-130
[3] S. Das, P. Majumdar, S.K. Samanta, On soft lineer spaces and soft normed lineer spaces,
arXiv:1308.1016 [math.GM].
[4] S. Das and S. K. Samanta, Soft linear operators in soft normed linear spaces, Annals of Fuzzy
Mathematics and Informatics,6(2) (2013) 295-314.
[5] S. Das and S. K. Samanta, Soft real sets, soft real numbers and their properties, J. Fuzzy
Math. 20 (3) (2012) 551-576.
[6] S. Das and S. K. Samanta, Soft metric, Annals of Fuzzy Mathematics and Informatics, 6(1)
(2013) 77-94.
[7] P.K.Maji, R.Biswas, A.R.Roy, Soft set theory, Comput. Math. Appl.45 (2003) 555-562.
[8] D. Molodtsov, Soft set-theory-first results, Comput. Math. Appl.37(1999) 19-31.
[9] S. Das, S. K. Samanta, On soft inner product spaces, Annals of Fuzzy Mathematics and
Informatics, 6(1) (2013) 151-170.
 10

[10] S. Das and S. K. Samanta, On soft metric spaces, J. Fuzzy Math. accepted.
[11] M.I. Yazar, T. Bilgin, S. Bayramov, Ç. Gunduz(Aras), “A new view on soft normed spaces”,
International Mathematical Forum, 9 (24) ( 2014) 1149 - 1159.
[12] M.I. Yazar, “Soft metric and soft normed spaces”, PhD Thesis, Yüzüncü Yıl University,
Institute of Sciences, 2014.

View publication stats