CHAPTER 10

CIRCLES
1. The distance between two parallel tangents of a circle of radius 4 cm is

(a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 8 cm

2. In the given figure, if ∟RPS = 25°, the value of ∟ROS is

(a) 135° (b) 145° (c) 165° (d) 155°

3. A tangent is drawn from a point at a distance of 17 cm of circle C(0, r) of radius 8 cm. The
length of its tangent is

(a) 5 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 23 cm

4. The length of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle:

(a) are equal (b) are not equal

(c) sometimes are equal (d) are not defined

5. Number of tangents drawn at a point of the , circle is/are

(a) one (b) two

(c) none (d) infinite

6. In the given figure, TP and TQ are two tangents to a circle with centre O, such that ‫ס‬POQ

= 110°. Then ‫ס‬PTQ is equal to

(a) 55° (b) 70° (c) 110° (d) 90°

7. Tangents from an external point to a circle are

(a) equal (b) not equal (c) parallel (d) perpendicular.

8. The length of a tangent drawn from a point at a distance of 10 cm of circle is 8 cm. The
radius of the circle is
(a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 7 cm
9. In given figure, CP and CQ are tangents to a circle with centre O. ARB is another tangent
touching the circle at R. If CP = 11 cm and BC = 6 cm then the length of BR is

(a) 6 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 4 cm (d) 3 cm

 10. From a point P which is at a distance of 13 cm from the centre O of a circle of radius 5
cm, the pair of tangents PQ and PR to the circle are drawn. Then the area of the quadrilateral
PQOR is

(a) 60 cm² (b) 65 cm² (c) 30 cm² (d) 32.5 cm²

Direction : In the following questions ,a statement of Assertion(A) is followed by a statement

of Reason(R) .Mark the choice as :

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason ( R ) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A) .
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason ( R ) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A) .
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true
11. Assertion: AB and CD are two parallel chords of a circle whose diameter is AC. Then AB
≠ CD.
Reason : Perpendicular from the centre of a circle does not bisects the chord.
12. Assertion: If length of a tangent from an external point to a circle is 8 cm, then length of
the other tangent from the same point is 8 cm.
Reason: length of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.

Case Study -1

A Ferris wheel (or a big wheel in the United Kingdom) is an amusement ride consisting of a
rotating upright wheel with multiple passenger-carrying components (commonly referred to as
passenger cars, cabins, tubs, capsules, gondolas, or pods) attached to the rim in such a way that
as the wheel turns, they are kept upright, usually by gravity.

After taking a ride in Ferris wheel, Aarti came out from the crowd and was observing her
friends who were enjoying the [Link] was curious about the different angles and measures
that the wheel will form. She forms the figure as given below.

1. Inn the given figure find ∟ROQ

2. Find ∟RQP

3. Find ∟RSQ

4. Find ∟ORP

5. RQ represents
 Case Study 2

Varun has been selected by his School to design logo for Sports Day T-shirts for students and
staff . The logo design is as given in the figure and he is working on the fonts and different
colours according to the theme. In given figure, a circle with centre O is inscribed in a ΔABC,
such that it touches the sides AB, BC and CA at points D, E and F respectively. The lengths of
sides AB, BC and CA are 12 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm respectively

1. Find the length of AD

2. Find the Length of BE

3. Find the length of CF

4. If radius of the circle is 4cm, Find the area of ∆OAB

5. Find area of ∆ABC

EXTENDED LEARNING

1. The angle between two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is 110°. The
angle subtended at the centre by the segments joining the points of contact to the centre
of circle is:
(A) 70° (B) 90° (C) 55° (D) 110°
2. If tangents PA and PB from a point P to a circle with centre O are inclined to each other
an angle of 70°, then find ‫ס‬POA.
(A) 60° (B) 65° (C) 55° (D) 50°
3. What is the distance between two parallel tangents of a circle of the radius 4 cm?
(A) 8cm (B) 4cm (C) 2cm (D) 6cm
4. The tangents drawn at the ends of a diameter of a circle are:
(A) intersecting at a point inside the circle
(B) perpendicular
(C) intersecting at the centre of the circle
(D) parallel
5. A circle touches all the four sides of quadrilateral ABCD whose sides are AB
= 12 cm,BC = 15 cm, CD = 16 cm. The length of side AD is
(A) 15 cm (B) 17 cm (C) 16.5 cm (D) 13 cm
6. The length of tangent drawn from a point 8 cm away from the centre of a circle
of radius 6 cm is
(A) ξͷ cm (B) 2 ξͷ cm (C) 5 cm (D) 2 ξ͹ cm
7. A tangent PA is drawn from an external point P to a circle of radius 3ξʹ cm such that
the distance of the point P from O is 6 cm as shown in figure. The value of
‫ס‬APO is:

(A) 30ι (B) 45ι (C) 60ι (D) 75ι

8. PQ is a tangent drawn from a point P to a circle with centre O and QOR is a diameter
of the circle such that ‫ס‬POR=120°, then ‫ס‬OPQ is
(A) 60° (B) 30° (C) 90° (D) 45°
9. Two concentric circles of radii a and b (a > b) are given. The chord AB of larger circle
touches the smaller circle at C. The length of AB is:
(A) 2ξܽଶ െ ܾ ଶ (B) ξܽଶ ൅ ܾ ଶ (C) ξܽଶ െ ܾ ଶ (D) ʹξܽଶ ൅ ܾ ଶ
10. In the figure, the pair of tangents AP and AQ, drawn from an external point A to a circle
with centre O, are perpendicular to each other and length of each tangent is 4 cm, then
the radius of the circle is

(A) 10 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 7.5 cm (D) 2.5 cm

11. If figure, O is the centre of a circle, PQ is a chord and PT is the tangent at P. If ‫ס‬POQ
= 70ι, then ‫ס‬TPQ is equal to

(A) 45° (B) 5° (C) 35° (D) 70°

12. If two tangents inclined at an angle of 60ι are drawn to circle of radius 3 cm, the length
of each tangent is equal to
ଷξଷ
(A) cm (B) 6 cm (C) 3 cm (D) 3ξ͵ cm
ଶ
13. In fig., PA is a tangent to a circle of radius 6 cm and PA = 8 cm, then length of PB is

(A) 10cm (B) 16cm (C) 18cm (D) 12cm

14. In Fig., APB is a tangent to a circle with centre O, at point P. If ‫ס‬QPB = 50ι , then
the measure of ‫ס‬POQ is :

(A) 120ι (B) 100ι (C) 140ι (D) 150ι

15. In fig., two circles with centres A and B touch each other externally at K. The length
of PQ (in cm) is

(A) 24cm (B) 20cm (C) 27cm (D) 18cm



CHAPTER 11

AREA RELATED TO CIRCLES

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Q1. If the area of a circle is 154 ܿ݉ଶ , then its circumference is

(A) 11 cm (B) 22 cm (C) 44 cm (D) 55 cm
Q2. Area of the largest triangle that can be inscribed in a semi-circle of radius r units is
(A) ‫ ݎ‬ଶ sq. units (B) ½ ‫ ݎ‬ଶ sq. units (C) 2 ‫ ݎ‬ଶ sq. units (D) 2 ‫ ݎ‬ଶ sq. units
Q3. A pendulum swings through an angle of ͵Ͳι and describes an arc 8.8 cm in length. .
The length of the pendulum is
(A) 16.8 cm (B) 18.6 cm (C) 44.5 cm (D) 15.6 cm
Q4. The area of the square that can be inscribed in a circle of radius 8 cm is
(A) 256 ܿ݉ଶ (B) 128 ܿ݉ଶ (C) 64 ξʹ ܿ݉ଶ (D) 64 ܿ݉ଶ
Q5. The area of a sector of circle of radius 21 cm and central angle 120°is
(A) 462 ܿ݉ଶ (B) 128 ܿ݉ଶ (C) 644ξʹ ܿ݉ଶ (D) 64 ܿ݉ଶ
Q6. The ratio of the circumference to its diameter is defined as _____________.
It is a / an _______number.
ଶଶ ଶଶ
(A) ߨ ,Rational (B) ߨ , Irrational (C) ଻
, Rational (D) ଻
, Irrational

[Link] angle through which the minute hand of the clock moves 8 to 8:35
(A) ʹͳͲι (B) ͻͲι (C) ͸Ͳι (D) Ͷͷι
[Link] area of circle that can be inscribed in a square of side 6 cm is
(A) ͵͸ߨ ܿ݉ଶ (B) 18ߨ ܿ݉ଶ (C) ͳʹߨ ܿ݉ଶ (D) 9ߨ ܿ݉ଶ
[Link] arc of the circle is of length 5ߨ and the sector it bounds has an area of 20ߨ ݉ଶ
The radius of the circle is
(A) 1 m (B) 5 m (C) 8 m (D) 10 m
Q10.A chord 10 cm long is drawn in a circle whose radius is ͷξʹ [Link] the area of minor
segment .
(A) 16 ܿ݉ଶ (B) 14.29 ܿ݉ଶ (C) 14.25 ܿ݉ଶ (D) 16.25 ܿ݉ଶ
ASSERTION AND REASONING QUESTIONS
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of reason (R).
Mark the correct choice as:


(A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation
of assertion (A).
(B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q11. Assertion (A): The length of the minute hand of a clock is 7 cm ,then the area swept by
଻଻
the minute hand in 5 minute is ଺
ܿ݉ଶ .

Reason (R): The length of an arc of a sector of angle q and radius r is given by

Q12. Assertion (A): If the circumference of a circle is 176 cm, then its radius is 28 cm.
Reason (R): Circumference = 2π × radius.
Q13. Assertion (A): If a wire of length 22 cm is bent in the shape of a circle, then area of the
circle so formed is ͶͲܿ݉ଶ .
Reason (R): Circumference of the circle = length of the wire.
Q14. Assertion (A): In a circle of radius 6 cm, the angle of a sector is 60°. Then the area of
ଵଷଶ
the sector is ଻
ܿ݉ଶ .

Reason (R): Area of the circle with radius r is ߨ‫ ݎ‬ଶ .

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

[Link] perimeter of a sector of a circle with radius 6.5 cm is 31cm ,then find the area of the
sector .
Q16. The perimeter of a semi circular protactor is 72 [Link] the measure of its diameter.
( Use ߨ ൌ ͵ǤͳͶ )
Q17. The area of a sector of a circle of radius 36 cm is 54 π ܿ݉ଶ . Find the length of the
corresponding arc of the sector.(EXPRESS IN TERMS OF ߨ ) .
Q18. The minute hand of a clock is 3.5 cm long . What is the angle described by the minute
hand in 20 minutes.
Q19. The perimeter of a sector of a circle of radius 5.2cm is 16.4 cm. Find the area of the
sector.
Q20. A cow is tied with a rope of length 14 m at the corner of a rectangular field of
ଶଶ
dimensions 20m × 16m. Find the area of the field in which the cow can graze. (Use ൌ )
଻

Q21. Find the area of the sector of a circle of radius 5 cm, if the corresponding arc length is
3.3 cm.
 Q22. ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with verticals A, B, C, D, E, F as the centres, circles of
same radius ‫ ݎ‬are drawn. Find the area of the shaded portion. (Give answer in ߨ only)

Q23. A piece of wire 20 cm long is bent into the form of an arc of a circle subtending an angle
of 60° at its center. Find the radius of the circle.

[Link] of a sector of central angle 200° of a circle is 770 ܿ݉ଶ . Find the length of the
corresponding arc of this sector.

CASE STUDY 1

Sangeeta made a design on the red carpet. In each corner

of a square carpet of side 4m , a quadrant of a circle of
radius 1m is colored black and a circle of diameter 2m
is colored yellow as shown in figure.

(i) Find the area of square ABCD.

(ii) Find the area of each quadrant with radius 1m.
(iii) Find the angle subtended by a quadrant.
(iv) Find the area off the emaining portion of the square.

CASE STUDY 2

Pendulum Clock: It is a clock that uses a pendulum, a swinging

weight, as its time keeping element. Pendulum clocks are now kept
mostly for their decorative and antique value.
Dhriti bought a pendulum clock for her living room. the
clock contains a small pendulum of length 45 cm. the minute
hand and hour hand of the clock are 7cm and 6 cm long
respectively.
 (i) Find the area swept by the minute hand in 10 minutes.
(ii) Find the angle described by hour hand in 10 minutes.
(iii) Find the distance covered by the tip of hour hand in 3.5 hours.
(iv)If the tip of pendulum covers a distance of 66 cm in complete oscillation, then find the
angle described by pendulum at the centre.

CASE STUDY 3

Sprinkler: An irrigation sprinkler (also known as a water

sprinkler or simply a sprinkler) is a device used to irrigate
agricultural crops, lawns, landscapes, golf courses, and
other areas. A water sprinkler is set to shoot a stream of water
a distance of 21 m and rotate through an angle of 80 degrees.
(i) What is the area of the lawn it waters?

(ii) For r = 28 m, what angle is required to water equal to previous area?

(iii) If the area of the garden to be sprinkled is 308 sq. m and it can shoot upto 21m then find
the angle through which it must rotate?


Chapter - 7

Coordinate Geometry

MCQ (Q1-Q10)
1. The coordinates of the point equidistant from the points A(1, 2), B (3, –4) and
C(5, –6) are
(a) (2, 3) (b) (–1, –2) (c) (0, 3) (d) (1, 3)

2. Two of the vertices of a ∆ABC are given by A(6, 4) and B(–2, 2) and its centroid is

G(3, 4). The coordinates of the third vertex C of the ΔABC are

(a) (2, 3) (b) (4, 6) (c) (4, 3) (d) (5, 6)

3. The value of P for which the point (–1, 3), (2, p) and (5, –1) are collinear is

(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1

4. The distance of the point (–6, 8) from the origin.

(a) 8 (b) 11 (c) 10 (d) 9

5. In what ratio of line ‫ݔ‬Ȃ ‫ݕ‬Ȃ ʹ ൌ Ͳ divides the line segment joining (3, –1) and (8,

9)?

(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 1 : 3

6. The points on x-axis at a distance of 10 units from (11, –8) are

(a)(5, 2) (17, 0) (b)(5, 0) (17, 0) (c)(6, 0) (17, 0) (d)(5, 0) (16, 0)

7. The point on the x-axis which is equidistant from (2, –5) and (–2, 9) is

(a)(7, 0) (b)(-7, 0) (c)(2, 0) (d)(-2, 0)

8. A point on the y – axis which is equidistant from the point A (6, 5) and B (-4, 3) is

(a)(0, 10) (b)(0, 9) (c)(0, -7) (d)(0, 6)

9. The distance between the points (a cos ʹͷ଴ , 0 ) and (0, a cos ͸ͷ଴ ) is

(a) a (b) 2a (c) 3a (d) 0

10. The distance between the points (a cos A + b sin A ,0)

and (0 , a sin A – b cos A ) is

 (a) ܽଶ +ܾ ଶ (b) a + b (c)ܽଶ - ܾ ଶ (d) ξܽଶ ൅  ܾ ଶ

Direction : In the following questions ,a statement of Assertion(A) is followed by a statement of

Reason(R) .Mark the choice as :

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason ( R ) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A) .
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason ( R ) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A) .
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

11. Assertion (A): The point (–1, 6) divides the line segment joining the points
(–3, 10) and (6, –8) in the ratio 2 : 7 internally.
Reason (R): Given three points, i.e. A, B, C form an equilateral triangle,

then AB = BC = AC.

12. Assertion (A): Mid-point of a line segment divides line in the ratio 1 : 1.
Reason (R): The ratio in which the point (–3, k) divides the line segment joining the points (–5, 4)
and (–2, 3) is 1 : 2.

Subjective Questions:

1. Find the value of a, so that the point (3, a) lie on the line ʹ‫ݔ‬Ȃ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷ
2. Find the distance between points (0,5) and (-5,0)
3. If the points A (1,2), B (0,0) and C (a,b) are collinear, then what is the relation between a and b?

4. The coordinates of the points P and Q are respectively (4, -3) and (-1, 7). Find the abscissa of a
௉ோ ଷ
point R on the line segment PQ such that ௉ொ
ൌହ.

5. In the given figure, if A (-1, 3) , B (1, -1) and C (5, 1) are the vertices of a triangle ABC, what is
the length of the median through vertex A? ;Ͳϭ͕ϯͿ

;ϭ͕ͲϭͿ ;ϯ͕ϬͿ ;ϱ͕ϭͿ



6. Find the ratio in which y-axis divides the line segment joining the points A(5, -6) and B (-1, -4).
Also find the coordinates of the point of division.

7. Let P and Q be the points of trisection of the line segment joining the point A( 2, -2) and B (-7, 4)
such that P is nearer to A. Find the coordinates of P and Q
8. Find the ratio in which the point (-3, k) divides the line-segment joining the points (-5, -4) and (-
2, 3). Also find the value of k.
9. The x-coordinate of a point P is twice its y-coordinate. If P is equidistant from Q(2, -5) and R( -3,
6) , find the coordinates of P
10. If the point A (0, 2) is the equidistant from the points B( 3, p) and C(p, 5), find p. also find the
length of AB.
11. If the points A (-2, 1), B (a, b) and C (4, -1) are collinear and a – b =1, find the values of a and b.

12. If the point P (k-1, 2) is equidistant from the points A (3, k) and B (k, 5), find the value of k.
13. Find the ratio in which the line segment joining the points A (3, -3) and b (-2, 7) is divided by x-
axis. Also find the coordinates of the point of division.
14. Find the values of k if the points A(k + 1, 2k), B( 3k, 2k + 3) and C( 5k – 1 , 5k) are collinear.

15. If the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A(a +b, b – a ) and B(a – b , a + b) ,Prove
‫ ݔܾݐ݄ܽݐ‬ൌ ܽ‫ݕ‬
16. If the point C (-1, 2) divides internally the line segment joining the points A(2, 5) and B(x, y) in
the ratio of 3 : 4, find the value of ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅  ‫ ݕ‬ଶ
17. Find the ratio in which the point P (x, 2) divides the line segment joining the points A (12, 5) and
B (4, -3). Also find the value of x.
18. If A (4, 2), B (7, 6) and C (1, 4) are the vertices of a UABC and AD is its median, prove that the
median AD divides UABC into to triangles of equal areas.
19. If the point A (2, -4) is equidistant from P (3, 8) and Q (-10, y), find the values of y. also find
distance PQ.
20. The base BC of an equilateral triangle ABC lies on y-axis. The coordinates of point C are (0, -3).
The origin is the mid-point of the base. Find the coordinates of the points A and B. also find the
coordinates of another point D such that BACD is a rhombus.
21. If the mid-point of the line segment joining the points A (3, 4) and B (a, 4) is P (x, y) and ‫ ݔ‬൅
‫ݕ‬Ȃ ʹͲ ൌ Ͳ,then find the value of a
22. If the point C(-1, 2) divides internally the line segment joining A(2, 5) and B(x, y) in the ratio 3 :
4, find the coordinates of B.


23. If the coordinates of the mid-points of the sides of a triangle are (1, 1), (2, -3 )and (3,4). Find the
centroid
24. Show that UABC with vertices A (-2, 0), B (2, 0) and C (0, 2) is similar to UDEF with vertices
D (-4, 0), E (4, 0) and F(0, 4)
25. If A(-2, 1), B(a, 0), C(4, b) and D(1, 2) are the vertices of a parallelogram ABCD, find the values
of a and b. Hence, find the lengths of its sides.

Case Study -1

In order to conduct Sports Day activities in your School, lines have been drawn with chalk powder at
a distance of 1 m each, in a rectangular shaped ground ABCD, 100 flowerpots have been placed at a
distance of 1 m from each other along AD, as shown in given figure below. Niharika runs 1/4 th the
distance AD on the 2nd line and posts a green flag. Preet runs 1/5 th distance AD on the eighth line
and posts a red flag.

1. Find the position of green flag

2. Find the position of red flag

3. What is the distance between both the flags?

4. Iff Rashmi has to post a blue fla exactly halfway between the line segment joining the two flags,
where should she post her flag?

5. If Joy has to post a flag at one-fourth distance from green flag, in the line segment joining the
green and red flags, then where should he post his flag?
 Case Study 2

The class X students school in Krishnagar have been allotted a rectangular plot of land for their
gardening activity. Saplings of Gulmohar are planted on the boundary at a distance of 1 m from each
other. There is triangular grassy lawn in the plot as shown in the figure. The students are to sow seeds
of flowering plants on the remaining area of the plot.

1. Taking A as origin, find the coordinates of P

2. What will be the coordinates of R, if C is the origin?

3. What will be the coordinates of Q, if C is the origin?

 

CHAPTER 4

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1) The quadratic equation ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ξͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳ ൌ Ͳ has
(a) two distinct real roots (b) two equal real roots (c) no real roots (d) more than 2 real roots
2) If the equation ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ݇‫ ݔ‬൅ ͻ ൌ Ͳdoes not possess real roots, then
(a) െ͸ ൏ ݇ ൏ ͸ (b) ݇ ൐ ͸ (c) ݇ ൏ െ͸ (d) ݇ ൌ േ͸
ଵ ହ
3) If ଶ is a root of the equation ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ݇‫ ݔ‬െ ସ ൌ Ͳ, then the value of k is
ଵ ଵ
(a) 2 (b) -2 (c) ସ (d)
ଶ
ଶ
4) Root of the equation ‫ ݔ‬െ ͲǤͲͻ ൌ Ͳ is
(a) ͲǤ͵ (b) ͲǤͲ͵ (c)േͲǤ͵ (d) no root
5) The two consecutive odd positive integers, sum of whose squares is 290 are
(a) 13, 15 (b) 11,13 (c) 7,9 (d) 5,7
6) Value(s) of ݇ for which the quadratic equation ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ݇‫ ݔ‬൅ ݇ ൌ Ͳ has equal roots is
(a) 0 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 0 and 8
7) Which of the following equations has the sum of its roots as 3?
ଷ
(a) ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͸ ൌ Ͳ (b)െ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͵‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ ൌ Ͳ (c) ξʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ‫ݔ‬൅ͳൌͲ
ξଶ

(d) ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͸ ൌ Ͳ

8) ሺ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͳሻଶ െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൌ 0 has
(a) four equal roots (b) two equal roots (c) no equal roots (d) one equal roots
9) Which of the following is not a quadratic equation?
(a) ʹሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ͳሻଶ ൌ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳ (b) ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͷ
(c) ሺξʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ξ͵ሻଶ ൅ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൌ ͵‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͷ‫ݔ‬ (d) ሺ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ʹ‫ݔ‬ሻଶ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ସ ൅ ͵ ൅ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଷ
10) If ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܾ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܿ ൌ Ͳ has equal roots, then the value of k is
(a) േξܽܿ (b) േʹξܽܿ (c) ξܽܿ (d) none of these
ASSERTION AND REASONING
Q11
Statement A (Assertion): The equation ͺ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͵݇‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ ൌ Ͳ has equal roots then the value of
଼
݇ ൌേ ଷ
Statement R (Reason): The equation ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܾ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܿ ൌ Ͳ has equal roots if D = 0
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)


(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q12
Statement A (Assertion): The equation ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͳሻଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͷ ൌ Ͳ is a quadratic equation.
Statement R (Reason): The equation ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܾ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܿ ൌ Ͳǡ ܽ ് Ͳ is called a quadratic equation
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q13
Statement A (Assertion): The roots of the quadratic equation ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ ൌ Ͳ are imaginary.
Statement R (Reason): If discriminant ‫ ܦ‬ൌ  ܾ ଶ െ Ͷܽܿ ൏ Ͳ then the roots of the equation ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅
ܾ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܿ ൌ Ͳǡ ܽ ് Ͳ are imaginary.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q14
Statement A (Assertion): The quadratic equation Ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͳʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͻ ൌ Ͳ has repeated roots.
Statement R (Reason): The quadratic equation ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܾ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܿ ൌ Ͳ has equal roots if D > 0
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.


Q15
Statement A (Assertion): The quadratic equation ͻ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͵݇‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ ൌ Ͳ has equal roots for
݇ ൌ േͶ
Statement R (Reason): If the discriminant of a quadratic equation is equal to zero, then the
roots of the equation are real and equal.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
16) Find the value of ݇ for which the quadratic equation ݇‫ݔ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹሻ ൅ ͸ ൌ Ͳ has two equal
roots.
17) Write the discriminant of the quadratic equation:ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͷሻଶ ൌ ʹሺͷ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ሻ.
18) If ܾܽܽ݊݀ are the roots of the quadratic equation‫ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܽ‫ ݔ‬െ ܾ ൌ Ͳ, then findܾܽܽ݊݀.
19) Find the value of k for which the equation ‫ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ʹ݇‫ ݔ‬൅ ሺ݇ ଶ െ ݇ ൅ ʹሻ ൌ Ͳ has real and
equal roots.
20) Show that ‫ ݔ‬ൌ  െʹ is a solution of͵‫ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͳ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳͶ ൌ Ͳ.
 CASE STUDY 1
In an auditorium, seats are arranged in rows and columns. The number of rows were equal to the
number of seats in each row. When the number of rows were doubled and the number of seats in
each row was reduced by 10, the total number of seats increased by 300.

(i) If ‫ ݔ‬is taken as number of row in original arrangement. How many number of rows
are there in the original arrangement?
(ii) How many number of seats are there in the auditorium after re-arrangement?

CASE STUDY 2 (CBSE 2022)

In the picture given below, one can see a rectangular in-ground swimming pool installed by a
family in their backyard. There is a concrete sidewalk around the pool of width ‫݉ݔ‬. The outside
edges of the sidewalk measure 7 m and 12 m. The area of the pool is 36 sq. m.

(i) Based on the information given above, form a quadratic equation in terms of ‫ݔ‬Ǥ
(ii) Find the width of the sidewalk around the pool.


EXTENDED LEARNING
Choose the correct answer from the given four options:
1. If ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ʹ݇‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ ൌ Ͳ has a root ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ʹ, then the value of ݇ is ?
(A) െͳ (B) െ2 (C) 2 (D) െ4
଻
2. For what value of ݇ will ଷ
be a root of ͵‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͳ͵‫ ݔ‬െ ݇ ൌ Ͳ?
ଷ ି଻
(A) 1 4 (B) ଻
(C) ଶ
(D) െ14

3. The positive root of ξ͵‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͸ = 9 is :

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 7
4. If the equation x2 + 4x + k = 0 has real and distinct roots then
(A) k< 4(B) k > 4 (C) k൑4 (D) k ൒4
5. Which of the following is not a quadratic equation :
(A) ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹሻଶ ൅ ͳ ൌ ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ (B) ‫ݔ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳሻ ൅ ͺ ൌ ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹሻ
(C) ‫ݔ‬ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͳ (D) ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻଷ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ Ͷ
6. Which of the following is a solution of the quadratic equation:
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ܾ ଶ ൌ ܽሺʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ܽሻ ?
௔
(A) ܽ ൅ ܾ (B) ʹܾ െ ܽ (C) ܾܽ (D) ௕

7. The roots of the equation ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܾ ൌ Ͳ are equal if :

(A) ܾ ଶ ൌ Ͷܽ (B) ܾ ଶ ൏ Ͷܽ
ଵ
(C) ܾ ଶ ൐ Ͷܽ (D)ܾܽ ൌ  ସ

8. If the discriminant of ͵‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܽ ൌ Ͳ is double the discriminant of ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅

ʹ ൌ Ͳ, then the value of ܽ is :
(A) 2 (B) െ2 (C) 1 (D) െ1
9. Which constant should be added and subtracted to solve the quadratic equation Ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅
ξ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͷ ൌ Ͳ by the method of completing the square?
ଽ ଷ ଷ ξଷ
(A) ଵ଺ (B) ଵ଺ (C) ସ
(D) ସ

10. Which constant must be added and subtracted to solve the quadratic equation ͻ‫ ݔ‬ଶ  ൅
ଷ
ସ ‫ݔ‬Ȃ ξʹ  ൌ Ͳ by the method of completing the square?
ଵ ଵ ଵ ଽ
(A) ଼ (B) ଺ସ (C) ସ
(D) ଺ସ
 CHAPTER 12
SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES
1. How many balls, each of radius 1 cm, can be made from a solid sphere of lead of radius 8
cm?
2. If the area of three adjacent faces of a cuboid are X, Y and Z respectively, then find the
volume of the cuboid.
3. Find the ratio of the volume of a cube to that of the sphere which fits inside the cube.
4. A cubical block of side 10 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. What is the largest diameter
of the hemisphere? Find the cost of painting the TSA of the solid so formed at the rate Rs
5 per 100 sq. cm. (use ߨ ൌ ͵ǤͳͶሻ
5. Two cones with same base radius 8 cm and height 15 cm are joined together along their
bases. Find the surface area of the shape so formed.
6. A solid is in the form of a right circular cylinder with hemispherical ends. The total height
of the solid is 58 cm and the diameter of the cylinder is 28 cm. Find the total surface area
of the solid.
7. A barrel of a fountain pen, cylindrical in shape is 7 cm long and 5 mm in diameter. A full
barrel of ink pen is used up on writing 3300 words on an average. How many words can be
written in a bottle of ink containing one fifth of a litre.
8. A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical depressions to hold
pens. The dimension of the cuboid are 15 cm by 10 cm by 3.5 cm. The radius of each of
the depressions is 0.5 cm and the depth is 1.4 cm. Find the volume of the wood in the entire
stand.
9. A toy is in the form of a cone mounted on a hemisphere of radius 3.5 [Link] total height
of the toy is 15.5 cm. Find its surface area.
10. A shuttle cock used for playing badminton has a shape of frustum of a cone mounted on a
hemisphere. The external diameters of the frustum are 5 cm and 2 cm and the height of the
entire shuttle cock is 7 cm. Find its external surface area.
11. A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a solid cylinder.
If the height of the cylinder is 12 cm and its base is of radius 4.2 [Link] the total surface
area of the article. Also, find the volume of wood left in the article.
 12. A building is in the form of a cylinder surrounded by a hemispherical dome and
ଵଽ
contains 14ଶଵ m3 of air. If the internal diameter of the building is equal to its total height

above the floor. Find the height of the building.

13.

14. A spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 7 cm and 4 cm in diameter. The diameter of
the spherical part is 21 cm. Find the quantity of water in litres it can hold.
15. A factory manufactures 1,20,000 pencils daily. The pencils are cylindrical in shape, each
of length 25 cm and circumference of the base as 1.5 cm. Find the cost of colouring the
CSA of the pencils manufactured in one day at Rs 0.05 per ݀݉ଶ.
16. Water is flowing at the rate of 15 km/h through a pipe of diameter 14 cm into a rectangular
tank which is 50 m long and 44 m wide. Find the time in which the level of water in the
tank will rise by 21 cm?
17. Water in a canal, 6 m wide and 1.5 m deep, is flowing at a speed of 4 km/hr. How much
area will it irrigate in 10 minutes if 8 cm of standing water is required?
18. A plate of metal 1 cm thick ,9 cm broad and 81 cm long is melted into a cube. Find the
difference in the surface area of the two solids.
19. A solid iron pole having cylindrical portion 220 cm high and of base diameter 24 cm is
surmounted by another cylinder of height 60 cm and radius 8 cm. Find the mass of the pole,
given that mass of 1 cm3 of iron is 8 kg. (Use ߨ ൌ 3.14).
20. There are two identical solid cubical boxes of side 7cm. From the top face of the first cube a
hemisphere of diameter equal to the side of the cube is scooped out. This hemisphere is inverted
and placed on the top of the second cube’s surface to form a dome. Find
(i) the ratio of the total surface area of the two new solids formed
(ii) volume of each new solid formed. (CBSE SAMPLE PAPER 2022)
21.

22. Due to heavy floods in a state, thousands were rendered homeless. 50 schools collectively
decided to provide place and the canvas for 1500 tents and share the whole expenditure
equally. The lower part of each tent is cylindrical with base radius 2.8 m and height 3.5 m
and the upper part is conical with the same base radius, but of height 2.1 m. If the canvas
used to make the tents costs ₹120 per m sq, find the amount shared by each school to set
up the tents. (CBSE SAMPLE PAPER 2022)
23. Three cubes of side 6 cm each, are joined .Find the total surface area of the resulting cuboid.
 25.
24. From a solid cylinder of height 30 cm and radius 7 cm, a conical cavity of height 24 cm
and same radius is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid.
(CBSE PAPER 2022)
ASSERATION AND REASONING
Direction: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
A) Both Assertion (A) & Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion(A).
B) Both Assertion (A) & Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A)
C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Assertion: If the height of a cone is 24 cm and diameter of the base is 14 cm, then the
slant height of the cone is 15 cm.
Reason: If r be the radius and h the slant height of the cone, then slant height = ξ݄ଶ ൅  ‫ ݎ‬ଶ

Assertion: Total surface area of the cylinder having radius of the base 14 cm and height
30 cm is 3872 cm2.
Reason: If r be the radius and h be the height of the cylinder, then total surface area =
ሺʹߨ‫ ݄ݎ‬൅ ʹߨ‫ ݎ‬ଶ ሻǤ
29. Assertion: If the radius of a cone is halved and volume is not changed, then height
remains same.
Reason: If the radius of a cone is halved and volume is not changed then height must
become four times of the original height.

30. Assertion: No. of spherical balls that can be made out of a solid cube of lead whose edge
is 44 cm, each ball being 4 cm. in diameter, is 2541
Reason: Number of balls = Volume of one ball / Volume of lead

31. Assertion: If a ball is in the shape of a sphere has a surface area of 221.76 cm2, then its
diameter is 8.4 cm.
Reason: If the radius of the sphere be r, then surface area, ܵ ൌ Ͷߨ‫ݎ‬ଶǡ ݅Ǥ ݁Ǥǡ
‫ ݎ‬ൌ  ඥሺܵȀͶߨሻ


CASE STUDY QUESTION 1

Kumbh Mela is a major pilgrimage and festival of Hinduism .It is celebrated in a cycle of
approximately 12 years. The festival is marked by a ritual dip in the holy waters. The
government of UP planned to procure tent for the pilgrims during Kumbh Mela .The
specification of the tent is given below.

Top conical part has a thick fabric whose cost is Rs. 60 per square meter .Lower cylindrical
part has PVC coated fabric whose cost is Rs.70 per square meter. The front view section of tent
is given below with dimensions :

[Link] much thick fabric is required ?

Q2. How much PVC coated fabric is required?
Q3. If space requirement of a pilgrims is 6 sq. m , how many pilgrims can be accommodate in
a tent ?
CASE STUDY QUESTION 2
A village contractor was given a work of digging a well of diameter 4m and 21 m deep . He
was asked to spread evenly the earth taken out around the well to form an embankment in the
shape of a circular ring of width 3m. Answer the following questions

Q1. Find the radius of the outer ring ?

[Link] the volume of earth taken out from the well?
Q3. Find the area of the ring?Top of Form


EXTENDED LEARNING
1. The number of solid spheres, each of diameter 6 cm that can be made by melting a solid
metal cylinder of height 45 cm and diameter 4 cm is:
(A) 2 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 6
2. Volumes of two spheres are in the ratio 64:27. The ratio of their surface areas is:
(A) 3 : 4 (B) 4 : 3 (C) 9 : 16 (D) 16 : 9
3. A cylindrical pencil sharpened at one edge is the combination of
(A) a cone and a cylinder (B) frustum of a cone and a cylinder
(C) a hemisphere and a cylinder (D) two cylinders.
4. The height of a conical tent of the centre is 5cm. The distance of any point on its circular
base from the top of the tent is 13m. The area of the slant surface is:
(A) 144 π sq m (B) 130 π sq m (C) 156 π sq m (D) 169 π sq
5. A hemispherical bowl of internal diameter 36 cm is full of some liquid. This liquid is
to be filled in cylindrical bottles of radius 3 cm and height 6 cm., Then no of bottles
needed to empty the bowl.
(A) 36 (B) 72 (C) 18 (D) 144
6. A spherical iron ball is dropped into a cylindrical vessel of base diameter 14 cm,
ଵ
containing water. The level is increased by 9ଷ cm. What is the radius of the ball?

(A) 3.5 cm (B) 7 cm (C) 9 cm (D) 12 cm

7. If a rectangular sheet of paper 44 cm × 22 cm is rolled along its length of form a
cylinder, then the volume of cylinder in cm3 is
(A) 1694 (B) 3080 (C) 3388 (D) none of these
8. A water tank is hemispherical at the bottom and cylindrical on the top of [Link] radius
is 12 [Link] the total capacity is 3312 π݉ଷ , then the capacities of the two portions are in
ratio:
(A) 8 : 9 (B) 8 : 11 (C) 8 : 13 (D) 8 : 15
9. The height of a solid cylinder is 15 cm and the diameter of its base is 7 cm. The two
equal conical holes each of radius 3 cm and height 4 cm are cut off. Find the volume of
the remaining solid.
(A) 438.8 ܿ݉ଷ (B) 550.4 ܿ݉ଷ (C) 502.1 ܿ݉ଷ (D) 471.4 ܿ݉ଷ
10. A cubical ice cream brick of edge 22 cm is to be distributed among some children by
filling ice cream cones of radius 2 cm and height 7 cm upto its brim. How many children
will get the ice cream cones?

(A) 163 (B) 263 (C) 363 (D) 463

11. The volume of the largest right circular cone that can be cut out from a cube of edge
4.2 cm is:
(A) 9.7 ܿ݉ଷ (B) 77.6 ܿ݉ଷ (C) 58.2 ܿ݉ଷ (D) 19.4 ܿ݉ଷ
12. A mason constructs a wall of dimensions 270cm× 300cm × 350cm with the bricks each
ଵ
of size 22.5cm × 11.25cm × 8.75cm and it is assumed that଼ space is covered by the

mortar. Then the number of bricks used to construct the wall is:
(A) 11100 (B) 11200 (C) 11000 (D) 11300
13. A medicine-capsule is in the shape of a cylinder of diameter 0.5 cm with two
hemispheres stuck to each of its ends. The length of entire capsule is 12 cm. The
capacity of the capsule is
(A) 0.36 ܿ݉ଷ (B) 0.35 ܿ݉ଷ (C) 0.34 ܿ݉ଷ (D) 0.33 ܿ݉ଷ
14. The diameters of the two circular ends of the bucket are 44 cm and 24 cm. The height
of the bucket is 35 cm. The capacity of the bucket is
(A) 32.7 litres (B) 33.7 litres (C) 34.7 litres (D) 31.7 litres
15. The radii of the top and bottom of a bucket of slant height 45 cm are 28 cm and7 cm,
respectively. The curved surface area of the bucket is
(A) 4950 ܿ݉ଶ (B) 4951 ܿ݉ଶ (C) 4952 ܿ݉ଶ (D) 4953 ܿ݉ଶ


CHAPTER 8
INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
ଵ
1. If sin A = ଶ , then the value of cot A is
ଵ ξଷ
(A) ξ3 (B) ξଷ
(C) ଶ (D) 1
௔
[Link] sin ߠ = ௕ ,then cosߠ is
௕ ௕ ξ௕௕ି௔௔ ௔
ሺ‫ܣ‬ሻ (B) (C) (D)
ξ௕௕ି௔௔ ௔ ௕ ξ௕௕ି௔௔
ସ௦௜௡ఏିୡ୭ୱ ఏ
[Link] 4 tan ߠ =3 ,then the value of ସ ୱ୧୬ ఏାୡ୭ୱ ఏ
is
ଶ ଵ ଵ ଷ
(A) ଷ
(B)ଷ (C)ଶ (D) ସ
୲ୟ୬ ଷ଴ι
[Link] value of ୡ୭୲ ଺଴ι is
ଵ ଵ
(A) ξଶ
(B) ξଷ (C)ξ͵ (D) 1

[Link] value of ( sin 45ι+ cos 45ι) is

ଵ ξଷ
ሺ‫ܣ‬ሻ ξଶ (B)ξʹ (C) ଶ (D)1

[Link] value of (sin30ι + cos 30ι) – ( sin 60ι + cos 60ι) is

ሺ‫ܣ‬ሻ െ ͳ (B) 0 (C)ͳ (D) 2
ଵ ଵ
[Link] sin ߙ = ଶ and cos ߚ = ଶ , then the value of ( ߙ ൅ ߚ) is

(A)0ι (B) 30ι (C)͸Ͳι (D) 90ι

[Link] ο‫ܥܤܣ‬is a right angled at C ,then the value of cos (A+ B) is
ଵ ξଷ
ሺ‫ܣ‬ሻͲ (B) 1 (C)ଶ (D) ଶ

[Link] sec A .sin A = 0 ,then the value of cos A is

ଵ ଵ
(A) ξଶ
(B) ξଷ (C)ξ͵ (D) 1

10. sin A cos A = sin A is true when A =

(A)0ι (B) 30ι (C)͸Ͳι (D) 90ι
ASSERATION AND REASONING
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
 (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q11. Assertion: The value of sin600 cos300 + sin300 cos600 is 1
Reason: sin900=1 and cos900=0
Q12. Assertion: sin (A+B) = sin A + sin B
Reason: For any value of θ, 1+tan2θ = sec2θ
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
ଶ଴
1. If ܿ‫ ߠݐ݋‬ൌ ଶଵ, find the value of ඥሺͳ ൅ •‹ ߠ) ξ( 1- sin ߠ
ସ௦௜௡ఏି௖௢௦ఏ ହ
2. If ͵‫ ߠ݊ܽݐ‬ൌ ʹ, prove that ଶ௦௜௡ఏା௖௦௢ఏ
ൌ଻

3. Find the area and perimeter of a right-angled triangle whose hypotenuse is 25 cm and base angle
is ͸Ͳι.
4. If ͹•‹ଶ Ʌ ൅ ͵ ‘•ଶ Ʌ ൌ Ͷ, find –ƒɅ.
5. A rhombus of side 20 cm has two angles of 60ι each. Find the length of each diagonal.
6. If ‫݊݅ݏ‬ሺ‫ ܣ‬െ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ܤݏ݋ܿܣ݊݅ݏ‬െ ܿ‫ ܤ݊݅ݏܣݏ݋‬and
ܿ‫ݏ݋‬ሺ‫ ܣ‬െ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ܿ‫ ܤݏ݋ܿܣݏ݋‬൅ ‫ܤ݊݅ݏܣ݊݅ݏ‬
then find the values of sin 15ι and cos15ι.
7. If ‫݊݅ݏ‬ሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ܤݏ݋ܿܣ݊݅ݏ‬൅ ܿ‫ ܤ݊݅ݏܣݏ݋‬and
ܿ‫ݏ݋‬ሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ܿ‫ ܤݏ݋ܿܣݏ݋‬െ ‫ܤ݊݅ݏܣ݊݅ݏ‬
then find the values of sin 75ι and cos75ι.
8. If ߠ ൌ ͵Ͳι, verify that
(i) •‹ ͵ߠ ൌ ͵ •‹ ߠ െ Ͷ ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଷ ߠ
(ii) ‘• ͵ߠ ൌ Ͷܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ଷ ߠ െ ͵ ‘• ߠ
ଵ ଵ
9. If A and B are acute angles such that tan A= ଶ and tan B= ଷ and
୲ୟ୬ ஺ା୲ୟ୬ ஻
–ƒሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ଵି୲ୟ୬ ஺Ǥ௧௔௡஻ , find ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬.

10. If •‹ͷɅ ൌ ‘•ͶɅ, where ͷɅand ͶɅ are acute angles, find the value of Ʌ.
11. If ‫ ߠʹ݊ܽݐ‬ൌ ‘–ሺߠ ൅ ͸ιሻǡ where ʹߠ and ሺߠ ൅ ͸ιሻ are acute angles, find the value of ߠ.
ଵ ଵ
12. If •‹ሺ‫ ܣ‬െ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ଶ and ‘•ሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ଶ ǡͲι ൏ ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ ܤ‬൑ ͻͲιǡ ‫ ܣ‬൐ ‫ܤ‬ǡfind‫ܣ‬and‫ܤ‬.
ξଷ
13. If •‹ሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ‘•ሺ‫ ܣ‬െ ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൌ , ‫ܣ‬and ‫ܤ‬are acute anglesሺ‫ ܣ‬൐ ‫ܤ‬ሻǡfind‫ܣ‬and‫ܤ‬.
ଶ
ଵହ ଼
14. Given a right angled ο ABC, right angled at B in which tan A = ଼
and tan C = ଵହ, then find the

value of •‹ሺ‫ ܣ‬൅ ‫ܥ‬ሻ.

15. Prove the following identities:
ଵା௖௢௦ఏ
a) ට
ଵି௖௢௦ఏ
ൌ ܿ‫ ߠܿ݁ݏ݋‬൅ ܿ‫ߠݐ݋‬

ଵା௦௜௡ఏ ଵି௦௜௡ఏ
b) ට
ଵି௦௜௡ఏ
൅  ටଵା௦௜௡ఏ ൌ ʹ‫ߠܿ݁ݏ‬
 ௦௘௖ఏା௧௔௡ఏ ଵାୱ୧୬ ఏ ଶ
c) ௦௘௖ఏି௧௔௡ఏ
ൌቀ ୡ୭ୱ ఏ
ቁ

d) ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ସ ‫ ܣ‬െ ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ଶ ‫ ܣ‬ൌ ‫݊݅ݏ‬ସ ‫ ܣ‬െ  ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬

‡ሻ ξ‫ ܿ݁ݏ‬ଶ ߠ ൅ ܿ‫ ܿ݁ݏ݋‬ଶ ߠ  ൌ ‫ ߠ ݊ܽݐ‬൅ ܿ‫ ߠ ݐ݋‬
ˆሻ ‫݊݅ݏ‬ସ ‫ ܣ‬൅ ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ସ ‫ ܣ‬ൌ ͳ െ ʹ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ ݏ݋ܿܣ‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬
g) ‫ ܣ ଺݊݅ݏ‬൅ ܿ‫ ܣ ଺ ݏ݋‬ൌ ͳ െ ͵‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ ݏ݋ܿܣ‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬
h) ‫ ܣ ଼݊݅ݏ‬൅ ܿ‫ ܣ ଼ ݏ݋‬ൌ ሺ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ ܣ‬െ ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬ሻሺͳ െ ʹ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ ݏ݋ܿܣ‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬ሻ
i) ‫݊݅ݏ‬ସ ‫ ܣ‬െ ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ସ ‫ ܣ‬ൌ ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ ܣ‬െ ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ଶ ‫ ܣ‬ൌ ʹ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ ܣ‬െ ͳ ൌ ͳ െ ʹܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬
ଶ ଵ ଶ ଵ
j) ௖௢௦మ ఏ
െ ௖௢௦ర ఏ െ ௦௜௡మ ఏ ൅ ௦௜௡ర ఏ ൌ ܿ‫ ݐ݋‬ସ ߠ െ ‫݊ܽݐ‬ସ ߠ
௖௢௧ఏା௖௢௦௘௖ఏିଵ ଵା௖௢௦ఏ
k) ௖௢௧ఏି௖௢௦௘௖ఏାଵ
ൌ ௦௜௡ఏ
ൌ ܿ‫ ߠܿ݁ݏ݋‬൅ ܿ‫ߠݐ݋‬
௦௜௡ఏ ௦௜௡ఏ
l) ௖௢௧ఏା௖௢௦௘௖ఏ
ൌ ʹ ൅ ௖௢௧ఏି௖௢௦௘௖ఏ

ξଶ
16. If –ƒ ‫ ܣ‬ൌ ξʹ െ ͳ, show that •‹ ‫ ܣ •‘ ܣ‬ൌ
ସ
ଵ
17. If ‫ ߠܿ݁ݏ‬െ –ƒ ߠ  ൌ ‫ݔ‬, then show that ‫ ߠܿ݁ݏ‬൅ –ƒ ߠ  ൌ ௫. Hence find the value of ‘• ߠand•‹ ߠ.
௔మ ௕మ
18. If ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ܽ‫ ߠ݊݅ݏ‬and ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ܾ –ƒ ߠ, prove that ௫ మ െ ௬ మ ൌ ͳ

19. If ‫ ߠ݊ܽݐ‬൅ ‫ ߠ݊݅ݏ‬ൌ ݉ and ‫ ߠ݊ܽݐ‬െ ‫ ߠ݊݅ݏ‬ൌ ݊, show that ݉ଶ െ ݊ଶ ൌ Ͷξ݉݊

20. If ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ‫ܥݏ݋ܿܣ݊݅ݏݎ‬ǡ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ‫ܥ݊݅ݏܣ݊݅ݏݎ‬, ‫ ݖ‬ൌ ‫ܣݏ݋ܿݎ‬, prove that‫ݎ‬ଶ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ ݕ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ ݖ‬ଶ.

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS 1.

A right triangular signboard ABC is used by students of DPS to display “ SAVE WATER If AC =
1m and AB =ξ͵݉ and ‫ ܣס‬ൌ ͻͲι. Answer the following questions

Q1 Find the value of ‫ס‬B

B
Q2. Find the value off sin
஺
Q3. Find the value off sin + cos C + tan
ଶ

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS 2.

The rod AC of a TV disc antenna is fixed at right angle to the wall AB and a rod CD is supporting
the disc as shown in the figure .If AC = 1m and CD = 2m .Answer the following
 [Link] the value off ߠ.
[Link] the value off tan ߠ.
Q3. Find the value of 6 tan2 ߠ - 6 sec2 ߠ

EXTENDED LEARNING
Choose the correct answer from the given four options:
1. ‫‹•݂ܫ‬Ʌ ൅ ‘• ߠ = ξ͵ǡ ‫݄݊݁ݐ‬cosec ߠ + sin ߠ equal to
(A) ʹ ‘• ߠ (B) ʹ •‹ ߠ (C) 0 (D) 1
2. If ߠ is an acute angle such that •‡ Ʌ ൌ ‘•‡ ͸Ͳι then the value of ʹܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ଶ ߠ െ ͳ
(A) 2 (B) 11 (C) െʹ (D) 0
3. The value of ሾሺ‫ ܣܿ݁ݏ‬൅ ‫ܣ݊ܽݐ‬ሻሺͳ െ ‫ܣ݊݅ݏ‬ሻሿ is equal to
(A) ‫݊ܽݐ‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬ (B) ‫݊݅ݏ‬ଶ ‫ܣ‬ (C) ܿ‫ܣݏ݋‬ (D) ‫ܣ݊݅ݏ‬
4. If A is an acute angle in a right οABC, right angled at B, then the value of ‫ ܣ݊݅ݏ‬൅ ܿ‫ ܣݏ݋‬is :
(A) equal to one (B) greater than one
(C) less than one (D) equal to two
5. If ܿ‫ ߠܿ݁ݏ݋‬െ ‫ ߠ݊݅ݏ‬ൌ ξͷ, the value of ሺܿ‫ߠܿ݁ݏ݋‬+sin ߠሻ is :
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
ଵାୱ୧୬ ஼
6. ο is a right angled at , If BC =5cm and AC -AB =1cm then value of ௖௢௦஼
is

(A) 5 (B) 1
(C) െͳ (D) None of the above
ଶ ଵ
7. If cosecߠ ൌ ʹ‫ݔ‬and cotߠ = ௫then ʹሺ‫ ʹݔ‬െ  ௫ଶሻis equal to
ଵ
(A) ଶ (B) 0 (C) െͳ (D) ͳ ൅ ξ͵

ଵ ୡ୭ୱୣୡଶ୶ିୱୣୡ ଶ୶
8. If ‫ ݔ݊ܽݐ‬ൌ , thenୡ୭ୱୣୡଶ ௫ାୱୣୡଶ ௫ equals
ξହ
ଵ ଷ ଶ
(A) ଻ (B) ଻ (C) ଷ (D) 0

9. If –ƒ (20ι െ ͵Ƚሻ ൌ ‘–(5Ƚ --20ι)then the value of Ƚ is :

(A) 45ι (B) 15ι (C) 60ι (D) 0
ͳͲǤ‫݊ܽݐ‬ሺͶͷ° െ ߠሻȂ ܿ‫ݐ݋‬ሺͶͷ° ൅ ߠሻ is equal to
(A) ʹܿ‫ߠݏ݋‬ (B) 0 (C) ʹ‫ߠ݊݅ݏ‬ (D) 1


CHAPTER 9
SOME APPLICATIONS OF TRIGONOMETRY
Choose the correct answer from the given four options
1. A tower stands vertically on the ground. From a point on the ground which is 15 m away from
the foot of the tower, the angle of the top of the tower is found to be 60ι. The height of the
tower is
(A) 15 m (B) ͳͷξ͵ m (C) ͵Ͳ m (D) ͷξ͵ m
2. An observer 1.5 metre tall is 20.5 metre away from a tower 22 metres high. The angle of
elevation of the top of the tower from the eye of the observer is
(A) 60° (B) 45° (C) 30° (D) 90°
3. A kite is flying at a height of 50ξ͵ m from the horizontal. It is attached with a string and makes
an angle 60° with the horizontal. The length of the string is
(A) 150 m (B) ͷͲξ͵ m (C) ʹͷ m (D) ͳͲͲ m
4. The angle of elevation of the sun, when the shadow of a pole ݄ meters high is ξ͵݄ is
(A) 60° (B) 45° (C) 30° (D) 90°
5. As observed from the top of a 75m high light house from the sea-level, the angle of depression
is 60°. The distance of the ship from the base of light house is
(A) 25 m (B) ͹ͷ m (C) ͷͲ m (D) ʹͷξ͵ m
6. A pole 6 m high casts a shadow 2ξ͵m long on the ground, then the Sun’s elevation is
(A) 60° (B) 45° (C) 30° (D) 90°
7. In given figure, if AB = 4 m and AC = 8 m, then angle of elevation of A as observed from C is :

(A) 60° (B) 30° (C) 45° (D) 90°

8. A ladder 10 m in length touches a wall at height of 5 m. The angle made by the ladder with the
horizontal is :
(A) 30° (B) 90° (C) 60° (D) 45°
ଵ
9. The ratio of the length of a tree and its shadow is 1: . The angle of a sun’s elevation is
ξଷ

(A) 30° (B) 90° (C) 60° (D) 45°

10. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a point P on the ground is ߙ. After walking a
distance d towards the foot of the tower, angle of elevation is found to be ߚ. Then,
(A) ߙ <ߚ (B) ߙ >ߚ (C) ߙ ൌ ߚ (D) ߙ ൅ ߚ ൌ ͻͲι
 DIRECTION: In the question number 11 and 12, a statement of assertion (A) is followed
by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option
11. Statement A (Assertion): If the angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a point on the
ground, which is 30 m away from the foot of the tower, is 30°, then the height of the tower is
ͳͲξ͵ m.
Statement R( Reason) : The angle of elevation of a point on the object being viewed is the
angle formed by the line of sight with the horizontal when the point is below the horizontal
level.
(A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
12. Statement A (Assertion): The length of shadow of a tower decreases as the sun’s altitude
changes from 45ι to 60ι.
Statement R (Reason) : As sun’s altitude (ߠ) increases, –ƒ ߠ decreases.
(A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Short Answer Questions

13. The tops of the poles of height 16 m and 10 m are connected by a wire of length݈ metres. If the
wire makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal, find ݈.
14. If two towers of height ݄ଵ and ݄ଶ subtend angles of 60° and 30° respectively at the mid-point of
the line joining their feet, then find the ratio ݄ଵ : ݄ଶ .
15. An observer, 1.7 m tall, is 20ξ͵ m away from a tower. The angle of elevation from the eye of
observer to the top of tower is 30°. Find the height of tower. (CBSE 2016)
16. In the given figure find the perimeter of rectangle ABCD.
17. A peacock is sitting on the top of a tree. It observes a snake on the ground at an angle of
depression of 30ι. The peacock with a speed of 300 m/min catches the snake in 12 seconds.
What is the height of the tree?
18. In Figure, AB is a 6 m high pole and CD is a ladder inclined at an angle of 60° to the horizontal
and reaches up to a point D of pole. If AD = 2.54 m, find the length of the ladder. (use
ξ͵=1.73)(CBSE 2016)

19. A tree 12 m high, is broken by the wind in such a way that its top touches the ground and makes
an angle of 60ι with the ground. At what height form the ground, is the tree broken by the
wind?
20. Trigonometry is used in architecture to ensure that buildings are built safely. For example,
architects have to calculate lengths of support cables for poles, suspension bridges, etc. to
ensure stability and safety. Based on the following figure , answer the questions:
A radio station tower is to be built in two sections. From a point 80 feet from the base of the
tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the first section is 45ι, and the angle of elevation of
the top of the second section is 60ι. What should be the lengths of the two supporting cables?
(Use ξʹ =1.4)
21. ‘Skysails’ is that genre of engineering science that uses extensive utilization of wind energy to
move a vessel in the sea water. The ‘Skysails’ technology allows the towing kite to gain a
height of anything between 100 metres – 300 metres. The sailing kite is made in such a way that
it can be raised to its proper elevation and then brought back with the help of a ‘telescopic mast’
that enables the kite to be raised properly and effectively.
Based on the following figure related to sky sailing, answer the questions:

(i) In the given figure, if •‹ ߠ  ൌ ܿ‫ݏ݋‬ሺ͵ߠ െ ͵Ͳιሻǡ where ߠ and 3ߠ Ѹ 30ι are acute angles,
then find the value of ߠ.
(ii)What should be the length of the rope of the kite sail in order to pull the ship at the angle ߠ
(calculated above) and be at a vertical height of 200 m?
22. The rod AC of a TV disc antenna is fixed at right angles to the
wall AB and a rod CD is supporting the disc as shown in figure. If
AC = 1.5 m long and CD = 3 m, find
(i) –ƒ ߠ
(ii) •‡ ߠ ൅ ܿ‫ߠܿ݁ݏ݋‬.
CASE STUDY BASED
49. Trigonometry in the form of triangulation forms the basis of navigation, whether it is by land,
sea or air. GPS a radio navigation system helps to locate our position on earth with the help of
satellites. A guard, stationed at the top of a 240 m tower, observed an unidentified boat coming
towards it. A clinometer or inclinometer is an instrument used for measuring angles or
slopes(tilt). The guard used the clinometer to measure the angle of depression of the boat
coming towards the lighthouse and found it to be 30°.

(i) Make a labelled figure on the basis of the given information and calculate the distance of
the boat from the foot of the observation tower. (ʹͶͲξ͵݉ሻ
(ii) After 10 minutes, the guard observed that the boat was approaching the tower and its
distance from tower is reduced by 240(√3 - 1) m. He immediately raised the alarm. What
was the new angle of depression of the boat from the top of the observation tower?
(Ͷͷιሻ

50. Gadisar Lake is located in the Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan. It was built by the King of
Jaisalmer and rebuilt by Gadsi Singh in 14th century. The lake has many Chhatris. One of them
is shown below :
 Observe the picture. From a point A, ݄ m above from water level, the angle of elevation of top
of Chhatri (point B) is 45ι and angle of depression of its reflection in water (point C) is 60ι . If
the height of Chhatri above water level is (approximately) 10 m, then

(i) draw a well-labelled figure based on the above information;

(ii) find the height (݄) of the point A above water level. (Use ξ͵ = 1·73)
51. We all have seen the airplanes flying in the sky but might have not thought of how they actually

reach the correct destination. Air Traffic Control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based
air traffic controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled
airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace. Actually, all
this air traffic is managed and regulated by using various concepts based on coordinate
geometry and trigonometry.

At a given instance, ATC finds that the angle of elevation of an airplane from a point on the
ground is 60°. After a flight of 30 seconds, it is observed that the angle of elevation changes to
30°. The height of the plane remains constantly as 3000√3 m. Use the above information to
answer the questions
es that follow-
(i) Draw a neat labelled figure to show the above situation diagrammatically.
(ii) What is the distance travelled by the plane in 30 seconds?
(iii) Keeping the height constant, during the above flight, it was observed that after 15(√3 -1)
seconds, the angle of elevation changed to 45°. How much is the distance travelled in
that duration.
(iv) What is the speed of the plane in km/hr?
 EXTENDED LEARNING
1. What is the angle of elevation of the Sun when the length of the shadow of a vertical
pole is equal to its height?
(A)ͳͷι (B) ͵Ͳι (C)Ͷͷι (D) ͸Ͳι
2. The angle of elevation of the top of a tree of height 18 m is 30° when measured from a
point P in the plane of its base. The distance of the base of the tree from P is:
(A) 6m (B) 6ξ͵ m (C) 18 m (D) 18ξ͵ m
3. The angle of depression of a car parked on the road from the top of a ͳͷͲm high tower
is͸Ͳι . The distance of the car from the tower in metres is
(A) ͷͲξ͵ (B) ͳͷͲξ͵ (C) ͳͷͲξʹ (D) ͹ͷ
4. The length of shadow of a tower on the plane ground is ξ͵ times of the height of the
tower. The angle of elevation of sun is
(A) Ͷͷι (B) ͵Ͳι (C) ͸Ͳι (D) ͻͲι
5. From the top of a cliff 25 m high the angle of elevation of a tower is found to be equal to
the angle of depression of the foot of the tower. The height of the tower is
(A) ʹͷ݉ (B)50݉ (C) ͹ͷ݉ (D) ͳͲͲ݉
6. From the top of hill 200 m high, the angle of depression of the top and the bottom of a
tower are observed to be 30° and 60°.The height of the tower is:
(A) 133.33m (B) 135.33m (C) 137.33m (D) 132.5 m
7. An observer 1.5 metres tall is 28.5 metres away from a tower 30 metres high. The angle
of elevation of the top of the tower from the eye of the observer is :
(A) ͵Ͳι (B) ͸Ͳι (C) Ͷͷι (D) ͻͲι
8. A man observes the elevation of a tower to be 30°. After advancing 11m towards it, he
finds that the elevation is 45°. The height of the tower to be nearest metre is:
(A) 10 (B) 15 (C) 20 (D) 22
9. From the top of a pillar of height 20 m, the angles of elevation and depression of the top
and bottom of another pillar are 30° and 45°,[Link] height of the second pillar
(in metres ) is:
ଶ଴ ଶ଴
(A) (ξ͵ - 1) (B) 10 (C) 10ξ͵ (D) (ξ͵ + 1)
ξଷ ξଷ

10. The angles of depression of two ships from the top of a light house are Ͷͷι and ͵Ͳι
towards east. If the ships are 100݉ apart, the height of the light house is
ହ଴ ହ଴
(A) (B) (C) ͷͲሺξ͵ െ ͳሻ (D) ͷͲሺξ͵ ൅ ͳሻ
ξଷାଵ ξଷିଵ
11. The length of the shadow of a tower standing on level plane is found to be ʹ‫ ݔ‬metres
longer when the sun’s altitude is ͵Ͳι than when it was Ͷͷι. The height of tower is
(A) ‫ݔ‬൫ξ͵ ൅ ͳ൯ m (B) ‫ݔ‬൫ξ͵ െ ͳ൯ m (C) ‫ݔ‬ξ͵ m (D) ‫ݔ‬ξ͵ ൅ ͳ m
12. If the angles of elevation of a tower from two points distantܽ and ܾ (ܽ ൐ ܾሻ from its
foot and in the same straight line from it are ͵Ͳι and ͸Ͳι , then the height of the tower is
௔
(A) ξܽ ൅ ܾ (B) ξܾܽ (C)ξܽ െ ܾ (D) ට௕

13. It is found that on walking ‫ݔ‬meters towards a chimney in a horizontal line through its
base, the elevation of its top changes from ͵Ͳι to͸Ͳι . The height of the chimney is
ξଷ ଶ
(A) ͵ξʹ‫ݔ‬ (Bሻʹξ͵‫ݔ‬ (C) ‫ݔ‬ (D) ‫ݔ‬
ଶ ξଷ

14. From the top of a light house, the angles of depression of two ships on the opposite sides
of it are observed to be 30ιand 60ι. If the height of the light house is ݄ metres and the
line joining the ships passes through the foot of the light house, the distance between the
ships is
ξଷ ସ ξଷ
(A) ଶ
݄ (B) ݄ (C) Ͷξ͵݄ (D)
ସ
݄
ξଷ

15. If the shadow of a tower is 30 m long, when the sun’s elevation is 30ι. What is the
length of the shadow, when sun’s elevation is 60ι?
(A) 10 m (B) 15 m (C) 20 m (D) 22 m