PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
NAME-PARTH MAHADIK
Topic Date Remark
Install Python ,vscode,Git
Basic syntax and data types
Loops and conditionals
Classes, objects,Functions and
imports
OOP concepts
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Steps for installing Python on your computer:
Step 1: Download Python
1. Go to the official Python website: https://www.python.org.
2. Click on Downloads and select the appropriate version for your operating system
(Windows, macOS, or Linux).
3. Choose the latest stable release and download the installer.
Step 2: Run the Installer
1. Open the downloaded Python installer file.
2. Check the box that says "Add Python to PATH" (important for running Python from
the command line).
3. Click "Install Now" or choose "Customize Installation" to select additional features.
4. Follow the prompts to complete the installation.
Step 3: Verify Installation
1. Open the command line or terminal:
o On Windows: Open Command Prompt or PowerShell.
o On macOS/Linux: Open the Terminal.
2. Type the command:
3. python --version
or
python3 --version
It should display the version of Python you installed.
Step 4: Install a Code Editor (Optional but Recommended)
1. Download and install Visual Studio Code (VS Code) from
https://code.visualstudio.com.
2. Install the Python extension for VS Code to enhance code editing and debugging.
Step 5: Install Git
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
1. Download Git from https://git-scm.com.
2. Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.
Step 6: Test Python in VS Code
1. Open VS Code and create a new Python file (example.py).
2. Type a simple Python command:
3. print("Hello, Python!")
4. Run the file to check if Python is working correctly.
These steps will set up your environment for Python development.
Variables & Data Types:
1. Variables
Definition: Variables store values that can be used and manipulated in a program.
Declaration: In Python, you don’t need to declare the data type of a variable. Simply assign a
value.
name = "John" # String
age = 25 # Integer
height = 5.9 # Float
Variable Naming Rules:
o Must start with a letter or an underscore.
o Cannot start with a number or use special characters.
o Case-sensitive (Name and name are different).
2. Data Types
Python has various data types for different kinds of data:
1. Numeric Types
o int: Whole numbers (e.g., 10, -5)
o float: Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14, -0.01)
o complex: Complex numbers (e.g., 3+4j)
2. Text Type
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
o str: String (e.g., "Hello, World!")
3. Boolean Type
o bool: True or False
4. Sequence Types
o list: Ordered collection (e.g., [1, 2, 3])
o tuple: Immutable collection (e.g., (4, 5, 6))
o range: Sequence of numbers (e.g., range(5))
5. Set Types
o set: Unordered collection with unique elements (e.g., {1, 2, 3})
6. Mapping Type
o dict: Key-value pairs (e.g., {"name": "Alice", "age": 30})
Example Code
name = "Alice" # String
age = 30 # Integer
height = 5.7 # Float
is_student = True # Boolean
hobbies = ["reading", "traveling", "coding"] # List
Understanding variables and data types is fundamental for writing efficient Python code.
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Control Flow in Python (if-else and loops):
1. If-Else Statements
Control flow allows decisions in the code based on conditions.
Syntax
if condition:
# Code block if condition is True
elif another_condition:
# Code block if another_condition is True
else:
# Code block if no conditions are True
Example
age = 20
if age >= 18:
print("You are an adult.")
else:
print("You are a minor.")
2. Loops
Loops are used to execute a block of code repeatedly.
For Loop
Iterates over a sequence (like a list or range).
Syntax
for item in sequence:
# Code block
Example
for num in range(5):
print(num) # Outputs 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
While Loop
Repeats as long as a condition is true.
Syntax
while condition:
# Code block
Example
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1
Break and Continue
break: Exits the loop immediately.
continue: Skips the current iteration and moves to the next.
Example
for num in range(5):
if num == 3:
break # Stops the loop when num is 3
print(num)
These control flow structures allow dynamic, decision-making, and repetitive tasks in Python
programs.
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Control flow
Determines the order in which code is executed in a program. It includes:
1. Conditional Statements (if-else): Make decisions based on conditions.
o Example: If a number is greater than 10, print "High"; otherwise, print "Low."
2. Loops (for, while): Repeat actions until a condition is met.
o Example: A for loop runs for a fixed number of times, and a while loop runs as
long as a condition is true.
3. Break and Continue:
o break: Exits the loop early.
o continue: Skips to the next loop iteration.
Control flow helps control how a program reacts and repeats tasks based on conditions.
Syntax: Control Flow structures in Python:
1. If-Else Statement
Used to make decisions based on conditions.
if condition:
# Code to execute if condition is True
elif another_condition:
# Code to execute if another_condition is True
else:
# Code to execute if no conditions are True
Example:
age = 20
if age >= 18:
print("Adult")
else:
print("Minor")
2. For Loop
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Used to iterate over a sequence (e.g., list, range).
for item in sequence:
# Code to execute for each item in the sequence
Example:
for i in range(5):
print(i)
3. While Loop
Used to repeat code as long as a condition is True.
while condition:
# Code to execute as long as condition is True
Example:
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1
4. Break and Continue
break: Exits the loop entirely.
continue: Skips the current iteration and moves to the next.
Example:
for i in range(5):
if i == 3:
break # Exits the loop when i is 3
print(i)
for i in range(5):
if i == 3:
continue # Skips when i is 3
print(i)
These are the basic control flow structures for decision-making and repeating tasks in Python.
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Functions and Modules in Python
1. Functions
Functions are blocks of reusable code that perform a specific task. They allow you to group code
into a unit that can be called with a single line, making your program more organized and
modular.
Defining a Function
You define a function using the def keyword, followed by the function name and parentheses.
Syntax:
def function_name(parameters):
# Code block
return value # Optional, returns a result
Example:
def greet(name):
print(f"Hello, {name}!")
greet("Alice") # Output: Hello, Alice!
Parameters: Variables passed to the function (e.g., name in the example).
Return: A function can return a value using return (optional).
Function with Return Value
def add(a, b):
return a + b
result = add(3, 4) # result is 7
2. Modules
Modules are files that contain Python code. A module can contain functions, variables, and
classes that can be reused across different programs.
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Importing Modules
To use a module in your Python code, you use the import statement.
Syntax:
import module_name
Example:
import math
print(math.sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0
You can also import specific functions from a module:
from math import sqrt
print(sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0
Creating Your Own Module
You can create a module by saving your functions and code in a .py file (e.g., my_module.py).
Example (my_module.py):
def say_hello():
print("Hello from my module!")
# In your main program, you can import it
import my_module
my_module.say_hello() # Output: Hello from my module!
PYTHON FULL STACK SYNOPSIS
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python organizes code into classes and objects to
model real-world entities.
Key Concepts:
1. Class: A blueprint for creating objects (e.g., class Dog:).
2. Object: An instance of a class (e.g., my_dog = Dog()).
3. Attributes: Variables inside a class that store data (e.g., self.name).
4. Methods: Functions inside a class that define behavior (e.g., def bark(self):).
5. Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit methods and attributes from another class (e.g., class
Dog(Animal):).
6. Encapsulation: Bundles data and methods, restricting direct access to some attributes (e.g.,
private attributes with __).
7. Polymorphism: Same method name can have different implementations in different classes
(e.g., speak() in Dog and Bird).
OOP makes code modular, reusable, and easier to maintain.
