BUSINESS STUDIES

Guidelines
PROJECT WORK – 2024-25
 Note – Make a creative project and include lots of pictures and examples
from the business world to enhance your project work.
 Write only on one side of the paper. Use left hand side for pictures and
posters.
 Do not include only the examples given in this pdf, explore more on the
internet and find new examples to give your project an edge.
 Initial sheets- Title sheet, certificate of completion,
acknowledgement and index are must with every topic.

Category I : Elements of Business Environment

Introductory theory of three topics given in this category :
Meaning and features of business environment.
Importance of business environment.
Dimensions of business environment.(Support with relevant
pictures or newspaper cuttings)
Choose any one of the three topics given in this category.
Topic 1 : Impacts of Covid-19 on Business Environment

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The main objectives of this project are:

} To understand the impact of COVID-19 on all the elements of
business environment.

} To analyse the impact through a sample survey to derive

conclusion.
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY OF COVID-19
 IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
 IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
 IMPACT OF COVID ON TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
 IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
 IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON LEGAL ENVIRONMENT
 GROWTH OF COVID-19 IN INDIA
 TYPES OF VACCINES FINALLY ARRIVE
 APPROACH TO THE PROJECT

Survey Method was used.

 Interaction with people at various levels in the industry

were resorted for taking their opinion or basic
understanding
of the impact of COVID-19 on the Industry.

 The interaction through survey shall help us to know the

industries which were positively or negatively impacted
by Pandemic. Also, the government's response for action
steps during the Pandemic. The industries which need
to work strategically to tide over the adverse effect of the
 Pandemic.

 This survey shall also help the entrepreneurs understand

the need to work towards societal philosophy of business
as only those who contribute positively towards the
welfare of the society also shall survive in the long term.

 The government also need to revise their policies and

understand the need to improve the medical facilities of
the country in a strategic and phased manner.

TOPIC 2-: Changes witnessed over the last few years on mode of
packaging and its economic impact.

 Meaning of packaging
 Levels of packaging
 Importance of packaging
 Functions of packaging
 Training institutions of Packaging
 Traditional modes of packaging
 History of Packaging Innovations – during Industrial revolution,
The Great Depression, rise of digital technologies, last couple of
decades
 Packaging through the years; how has packaging evolved?
 15 products – to witnesses changed packaging style
 Changes in packaging materials used - Early Age Packaging
Materials, etc.
 Need of evolution in packaging
 Some examples of Modern Packaging styles
 Packaging as silent salesman
 Packaging used as means of advertisements.
 Innovative packaging styles used by companies – examples
 Cost being borne by the consumer/manufacturer.

Some examples -:
a) The changes in transportation of fruits and vegetables such as
cardboard crates being used in place of wooden crates, etc.
Reasons for above changes.
b) Evolution in packaging of medicines
c) Milk being supplied in glass bottles, later in plastic bags and
now in tetra-pack and through vending machines.
d) The origin of cardboard and the various stages of changes and
growth.
e) Brown paper bags packing to recycled paper bags to plastic
bags and cloth bags.
f) Re use of packaging [bottles, jars and tins] to attract customers
for their products.

TOPIC 3 -: Changing role of the women in the past 25 years

(Relate all with impact on businesses i.e. type of product and
services offered)
1. History - Role of women in
1.1 Ancient India
1.2 Medieval period ; during Mughal rule
1.3 British rule

2. Role of women in Independent India

3. Changes in Culture ( e.g Relating to joint families, nuclear families;

etc.)

4. Education and economic development

4.1 Education
4.2 Workforce participation (women as a bread earner of the family)
4.3 Land and property rights

5. Crimes against women

5.1 Acid throwing
5.2 Rape

6. Other concerns
6.1 Health
6.2 Sanitation

7. Notable Indian Business women; women owned businesses

 Changes in the requirement trend of mixers, washing machines,

micro wave with changes in standard of living.
 Pepper spray
 Formal women wear – clothes and shoes
 Salons for women
 Tourism industry has seen growth – earning of a family has
increased
 Changes on clothing style
 Baby day care centres, crèches
 Cosmetics – career as Makeup artist
 Women Bloggers
 Sanitary napkins
 Gyms, aerobics and yoga centres, etc.

TOPIC 4 -: Child Labour

  Meaning of Child Labour (include meaning as per Child labour
Act, 1986)
 Causes of Child Labour
 Impact/Consequences of Child Labour on –
a. Society
b. Child
c. Industry
 Why is the use of child labour maximum in industries?
 Industries in India where child labour is prevelant - Any 5
 Situation of child labour in neighboring countries
 Important Child Labour Laws in India (Minimum 5 Acts)
 (Initiative)Steps already taken to prevent child labour -:
a. By Government of india
b. By NGOs
(Mention minimum 5 organizations working for this cause)
(Note - On 10 October 2014, Kailash Satyarthi won the
Nobel Peace Prize, as well as Malala Yousafzai who
advocates for girls' education in Pakistan.)
 Steps that should be/ can be taken to prevent/eradicate this
problem
a. By govt.
b. By society
c. By students
 A questionnaire with 10 questions to know about the
awareness regarding child labour in society – 15-20 people
 Analysis of the survey.

Category II : Marketing Management

Format of business studies project on marketing management:
1. Initial theory sheets which include:
Definition of marketing, functions of marketing with brief
explanation, definition of marketing Management and marketing
mix with explanation of its four components.
2. Marketing functions with brief explaination.
3. Product selected by you and reason for selection of that product.
4. SWOT ANALYSIS of product selected.
Market survey and guide points derived from market survey.
5. PRODUCT MIX: The varieties of your product and whole
product range with the following important decisions:
Branding : Brand name and brand mark of your product with
reasons for their selection
Labelling: Design a label for your product with all necessary
information.
Packaging: Show packaging of your product at all three levels . Try
to use innovative and environment friendly methods of packaging.
Your Unique selling proposition.
*Discuss five competitors of your product and their unique selling
propositions*
6. Price mix : fix price of your product and all its varieties with
valid reasons and using factors affecting price of product like cost ,
competition etc.
Justify price fixed by you.
Make two tables here in given format:
Table 1:
Name of varieties, its cost, wholesale price, price for retailers and
MRP
Table 2 : MRP of your product varieties compared with five main
competitors .
7. Place mix.: Discuss your decisions regarding channel of
distribution to be used transportation of your product from place of
production to place of consumption, warehousing of your product :
how many warehouses in which cities, use of private or public
warehouse and order processing decision.
8. Promotion mix: Make /design advertisement of your product
and decide about media of advertisement to be used , decide sales
Promotion techniques to be used by you, personal selling and public
relations tools to be used. Be creative and innovative in your choices.
9. Corporate social responsibility: where will you donate 2- 5 % of
your profits as per legal provisions.
10. Social message and utility of your product.
11. My experience from project : share what have you learned from
this project.
12. Bibliography: list of books and websites referred.
13. Appendix : Questionnaires which you got filled during market
survey.
Note : Questionnaire should have minimum 12 to 15 Questions
relating to product to be launched to judge customer demand and
full information about respondents and his or her signatures.

Category III : Principles of Management

a) Introductory theory:

1. Methodology and objectives of doing this project

2. Meaning , features and importance of principles of management
3. Principles Vs. Techniques, Rules and Values
4. About Henry Fayol
5. Well explained fourteen principles given by Fayol including
positive impacts of following them and negative impact of
violating them and related pictures pasted on L.H.S.
b) About the organization visited to check validity of Fayol’s
principles in today’s business world in 3-4 sheets with pictures.
c) Duly filled questionnaires filled by managers as well employees
d) Analysis table containing in the following format:
Serial Question Related Responses
number asked principle recorded
Tally bars for
received
responses in
yes/no

e) Observations for each principle : what have you observed

during visit to conclude whether a principle is completely
followed, partially followed or not followed.
f) List of principles in three categories : Principles completely
followed, partially followed or not followed.
g) Conclusion : Whether theory given by Fayol is still relevant or
not.
h) My experience from project: share what have you learned
from this project.
i) Bibliography: list of books and websites referred.
j) Appendix : Questionnaires which you got filled during visit.
k) Photo gallery: ten to twelve pictures of your visit, interactions
with managers and employees, people filling questionnaires
etc.

OR
They may enquire into the application of scientific management
techniques by F.W. Taylor in the unit visited.

Scientific techniques of management.

1. Functional foremanship. 2. Standardisation and simplification of

work.

3. Method study. 4. Motion Study.

5. Time Study. 6. Fatigue Study

7. Differential piece rate plan.