Practices and Challenges for Effective Time

Management among Grade 11 Students

Amper, Love Joy S.

Lomongo, Erah Divine C.
Macapayag, Nicole Anne A.
Macapayag, Niña Joyce
ñ
CHAPTER I
The Problem and Background of the Study

Introduction

This generation, many people have a challenge in financial problem, people always

mentioned this world in their life. Do you think money is important in our life besides food,

shelter and love? If you think so, then why we need it? Nowadays, we always heard bank

robbery, snatch thefts, loan sharks and others through media. Why did these crimes happen? It is

because they have financial problem in their life until they involved in crimes. Financial problem

also happened among students especially when they further their study away from their

hometown. Students always complaint about sort of money.

Poor financial management is the main case student are facing financial problem. For

majority students, it is the first time they have experience financial independence without

parent’s supervision. They fail to be the management and flow of their money. They do not

ensure that the money well spent and not misused. This problem is common among students

attempting to balance small budgets with living expenses. Some students are not mature enough

to handle finances and they overspend. Poor financial management also happened when student

do not have discipline in their budgeting and spending money. Some student like to buy that can

help student spend less money. Besides, although students have tights budget but they tend for

living financially.

Students who are concerned about finances may demonstrate lower goal commitment,

academic engagement, and persistence. High levels of student loan debt and financial stress have
been associated with increases in student’s likelihood of dropping out, stopping out, or reducing

their course loads. Financial concerns have also been linked with extended time to degree, which

can further escalate the costs of students from disadvantaged backgrounds who face enormous

financial challenges experience negative impacts on their mental health, academic performance,

and personal and social life. Financial problems explain a significant variance in student’s

academic performance, highlighting the need for support interventions to address these

challenges.

Time management is the process of organizing and planning how to allocate your time between

different tasks and activities. It allows you to work smarter, not harder, and leading to greater

productivity and reduced stress.

The importance of time management is in its ability to assign meaning to time, letting people

make the most of their time. In a business context, it is used to set goals and expectation for

companies and their employees. Good time management skills help employees deliver quality

work and meet their goals effectively. Time management also helps managers to understand what

employees are capable of and to set realistic goals.

Time management is an essential skill that holds immense significance in a student’s life. As they

navigate through academic commitments, extracurricular activities, and personal responsibilities,

effective time management becomes the key to achieving success and maintaining a healthy

balance. Effective time managements enable students to allocate ample time for studying,

completing assignments, and preparing for exams, leading to improved academic performance.

By organizing their study sessions and creating a structured approach, they can absorb

information more effectively, leading to better grades and academic achievements.

Background of the Study

Time is an essential resource for everyone in order to achieve the individual goals and objective.

It is so delicate that it cannot be saved but can only be spent and once misused it can never be

regained. Each one of us is looking for ways to improve time management. Whether it is the

management of an organization looking for business improvement or an individual looking for

ways to better spend their time, time management is important to both.

According to Campbell and Swenson (1992), time management refers to the way students

manage their time in order to have better academic performance which is invaluable for

academic success. Thus, it is important for students to know the first step of time management I.

e. giving priority to the important matters, and should remain focused on issues essential for

success. In line with these notions, Glue (1999) argued that the techniques of time management

are the best ways to manage course materials successfully. These includes group discussion,

exchanging ideas and sharing views on key points, which ultimately help students to perform

better in the examination leads to superior academic performance.

The researchers propose that differences among individuals in time management practices

account for some of the differences in how much students achieve during their school years.

Students who perceive themselves as having good time management skills are usually the

students who are more involved and have a high desire to achieve, resulting in a higher level of

performance. To improve academic performance among school students, self-attitudes and

participation in activities that keep schedules busy will help enforce the principal influence - time

management practices. This study is focus on how time management skills influence students'

academic performance in Arellano University.

This study aims to answer the practices and challenges for effective time management among
Grade 11 students.
Especially this seeks to answer the following:

[Link] are the challenges that grade 11 students face when it comes to practicing effective time
management?

[Link] are the effects of time management on Senior high school student in their academic
performance?

[Link] technique do students utilize to help them stay organize and on track in their academic
responsibilities?
Significance of the Study

The studies emphasize that effective time management positively influences academic

achievement by helping students meet deadlines, reduce stress, and improve overall health. They

highlight that time planning, attitudes towards time, and avoiding time wastage are crucial

factors associated with successful time management. Additionally, the research underscores that

students with better time management skills tend to have higher levels of self-regulated learning

and motivation.

Students • The studies also reveal that time management plays a vital role in students' academic

success, with proper time management skills significantly improving academic results,

particularly for male students. They stress the importance of students acquiring time

management skills early on, as these skills are predictors of academic performance and can lead

to higher achievement levels. Furthermore, the research suggests that time management practices

not only enhance academic performance but also contribute to good physical condition and lower

levels of stress.

Administration • The study of time management practices and challenges among grade 11

students is significant for improving their academic performance and overall well-being.

Research has shown that students with better time management skills tend to have higher levels

of self-regulated learning, motivation, and academic achievement. Effective time management

can reduce academic stress and improve overall health.

Researchers • should focus on conducting more studies to explore the specific practices and

challenges faced by grade 11 students in effective time management. By understanding these

factors, educators and parents can provide better support to help students enhance their time

management skills and ultimately improve their academic performance.

Scope and delimitation of the Study

This study is to examine the practices and challenges for effective time management of

grade 11 students in El Salvador City National High School (ECNHS).

It aims to gather data from grade 11 students and techniques used by students to manage

their time and the impact of effective time management on their academic performance. The

study may include an exploration of various time management practices, such as goal setting,

prioritizing tasks, scheduling, and managing interruptions.

Additionally, this study specifically focuses on grade 11 students and does not include students

from other grade levels. The study may not delve into specific interventions or programs

designed to improve time management skills among grade 11 students.

 Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. This study revolves around two variables, the Independent Variable which is the Practices and
Challenges for Effective Time Management among Grade 11 students and the Dependent Variable which
is the Grade 11 students of El Salvador City National High School

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Practices and Challenges for Grade 11 students of El

Effective Time Management Salvador City National High
among Grade 11 students School
Definition of Terms

Challenges: a task or problem that involves uncertainty and requires the skills, abilities,
motivations, and knowledge of the person performing it. It is a central element in games and is
often seen as necessary for gameplay. Challenges can vary in difficulty depending on the
individual's capabilities.
Grade 11 students: Refers to the eleventh year of formal education typically undertaken by
students in many educational systems around the world. Also known as "junior year" in some
educational contexts.
Practices: as the activity performed to produce a known or envisioned effect, where
individuals adapt their learned practices to the situations they confront. It is not the rote
reproduction of social and cultural life, but rather a dynamic and complex analysis of multiple
social and cultural situations.
Time management: is the process of organizing and planning how to allocate your time
between different tasks and activities. It allows you to work smarter, not harder, leading to
greater productivity and reduced stress.
 CHAPTER II
This study was to investigate the practices and challenges for effective time management

among grade 11 students of El Salvador City National High School. To facilitate the more

comprehensive details of this case study research approach, Review of Related Literature and

Studies include the following:

According to Adebayo (2015) time management is as important as human and

material resources in an organization. From observation. Door time planners seem to be taced

with low productivity, inefficiency, ineffectiveness and low morale, stress and frustration with

themselves. Time is always available although it waits for no one and is no respecter of gender as

reflected in the research conducted by Omolola (2010) that both male and female undergraduate

are affected by time management. Sansgiry, Kawatkar, Dutta, and Bhosle (2004) added that, the

basic time management skills begin with prioritizing, placing more emphasis on important tasks,

being able to say 'no' to less important issue, and being able to stop and start immediately

specific activities at pre-set schedules. They have also argued that implementing such strategy

related to time management, one must engage in a "to do list and need discipline to stay focused

with the list in order to have better management of one's available time.

Efficient time management is crucial in education, particularly at higher levels, as it

indicates the speed at which a nation can avail itself of skilled manpower. King (2002)

highlighted the external pressures that challenge individuals, such as demands on time, abilities,

and emotional reserves, posing obstacles to effective time management. In a study by Shazia,

Nasrullah, and
Muhammad Sagib Khan (2015), a significant correlation was found between students' time

management skills and their academic success. Effective time management plays a vital role in

influencing an individual's overall performance and accomplishments. The research conducted at

Qurtuba University of Science and Technology focused on analyzing how students effectively

manage their time to meet academic standards. Academic performance reflects the achievement

of educational goals by students, teachers, or institutions. It is typically assessed through

examinations or continuous evaluation, although there is no consensus on the best testing

methods or the most critical aspects to evaluate. Academic performance appears to improve

when individuals excel in managing their time effectively (Adebayo, 2015).

The absence of effective time management among students has repercussions on

specific academic tasks, particularly during the start of a new semester, class attendance,

assignment completion, test preparation, and exam readiness. These challenges arise from

procrastination and a lack of focus on essential aspects like planning and prioritization.

Additionally, various activities that unnecessarily consume time led to its wastage or passing

without significant achievements. Yager (1999) challenges the notion of "wasting time,"

asserting that time cannot be wasted but rather mismanaged. He believes that the concept of time

wasting is a misconception, emphasizing that any mismanagement ultimately results in wastage.

Moreover, Adebayo (2015) emphasized in his research that time management is a skill that

potentially influences students' academic performance. Prioritizing tasks can make studying and

schoolwork less overwhelming and more enjoyable. Academic stress often arises when students

feel pressured to cram for exams, rush through assignments, and sacrifice sleep due to

disorganization and anxiety. Effective time management techniques should be integrated not only
into students' academic lives but also into their overall schedules to achieve success and peace of

mind.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter present the research methodology utilized in this study. This includes

research design, sampling procedure, research instrument used for data gathering, procedures and

the Data Analysis.

Research Design

A descriptive research design was chosen for this study to explore the practices and challenges of

effective time management among Grade 11 students. This method is suitable for examining

both large and small groups, involving the selection of samples from the population to analyze

the occurrence of traits or issues. According to Aquino (2002), descriptive research is primarily

about gathering facts with sufficient interpretation to provide insight into current conditions. The

objective of using this approach is to characterize the state of affairs as it presently exists and to

investigate the reasons behind specific phenomena. The choice of this research method was

influenced by the researcher's aim to collect firsthand information directly from the respondents.

formulate rational and sound conclusions and recommendations for the study.

Subject of the study

The respondents of the study are the grade 11 students. The survey shall be conducted in

El Salvador City National High School. They were the chosen respondents because the
researcher wants to know how grade 11 students practice their time effectively and what are the

challenges they face for effective time management.

Sampling Procedure

Convenience sampling method was used in this study which relies on data collection

from population members who are conveniently available to participate in the study. From the

grade 11 students of El Salvador City National High School the questionnaire will conduct Face

to Face survey.

Research Instruments

This study used a questionnaire patterned from Atienza et al (2024), which is slightly

modified for the purpose of the study. The items on the questionnaire were modified into a Face-

to-face survey then the survey questionnaire was launch within the El Salvador City National

High School.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the consent of the research adviser, a letter was hand carried to the senior high school

head asking for list of names and addresses of respondents, then noted by the research adviser

and the principal of the school.

Right after respondents names and addresses were gathered, a questionnaire based on

Atienza et al (2024) research study was prepared.

After the approval, the respondents were surveyed face to face and data was collected at

El Salvador City National High School. The collected data were tallied, evaluated, and

interpreted.
Data Analysis

The researchers collect and analyze the data, number of responses were assembled under

Agreed or Disagreed using the table. By applying statistical and/or logical techniques to describe

and illustrate, condense, recap, and evaluate data. The statistical tool was used are calculated the

data by getting the rating scales and other means to measured and variables.

Ethical Consideration

As to ethical consideration and data analysis, the researcher utilized Moustakas (2004)

approach as redirected by Creswell (2013) since it had systematic steps in the data analysis

procedures and guidelines for assembling the clustering themes. Ethical standard was maintained

throughout the course study by giving careful attention for the procurement of the necessary

data. The researcher personally asked for consent and set up appointments and considered the

willingness of the participants before conducting the in-depth interview.