Hans Goldschmidt
Johannes Wilhelm "Hans" Goldschmidt (18 January
1861 – 21 May 1923) was a German chemist notable as Hans Goldschmidt
the discoverer of the Thermite reaction. He was also co-
owner of the Chemische Fabrik Th. Goldschmidt, as
of 1911 Th. Goldschmidt AG (later to become part of
Evonik Industries) and its most important chemist.[1]
The reaction, also called the Goldschmidt process, is
used for thermite welding, often used to join railway
tracks. Thermites have also been used in metal refining,
disabling munitions, and in incendiary weapons. Some
thermite-like mixtures are used as pyrotechnic initiators
in fireworks.
His grave is preserved in the Protestant Friedhof I der
Jerusalems- und Neuen Kirchengemeinde (Cemetery
No. I of the congregations of Jerusalem's Church and
New Church) in Berlin-Kreuzberg, south of Hallesches
Tor.
Born Johannes Wilhelm
Biography Goldschmidt
18 January 1861
He was born in Berlin on 18 January 1861. He was a Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia
student of Robert Bunsen. His father, Theodor Died 21 May 1923 (aged 62)
Goldschmidt, was the founder of the chemical company Baden-Baden, Republic of
Chemische Fabrik Th. Goldschmidt which eventually Baden
became part of the modern company Degussa, and
Nationality German
Hans and his brother Karl Hering managed this
company for many years.[2][3] Alma mater University of Berlin
Known for Thermite reaction
He is principally noted as the co-inventor of sodium
Awards Elliott Cresson Medal (1904)
amalgam and the initial patent holder of the thermite
Scientific career
reaction.[4] The thermite (or aluminothermic) reaction
is one in which aluminium is oxidized by an oxide of Doctoral Robert Bunsen
another metal, usually iron oxide, producing great heat advisor
in the process. Goldschmidt was originally interested in Signature
producing very pure metals by avoiding the use of
carbon in smelting, but he soon realized the value in
welding, a process known as thermic welding. It is also
used in incendiary devices. This process is sometimes called the "Goldschmidt reaction" or "Goldschmidt
process", because he furthered its development and patented it in 1895.[4][5] He also went on to publish an
extensive paper on it in 1898.[6][7][8][9]
He died on 21 May 1923.
Legacy
His grave is preserved in the Protestant Friedhof I der Jerusalems- und Neuen Kirchengemeinde
(Cemetery No. I of the congregations of Jerusalem's Church and New Church) in Berlin-Kreuzberg, south
of Hallesches Tor.
See also
Thermite welding
References
1. Evonik Industries
2. "Obituary: Hans Goldschmidt". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. 56 (8):
A77 – A79. 1923. doi:10.1002/cber.19230560867 (https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcber.19230560
867).
3. History of the "Th. Goldschmidt AG" company:
http://history.evonik.com/sites/geschichte/en/chemicals/history/goldschmidt/pages/default.aspx
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200808002359/https://sorry.evonik.com/) 2020-08-
08 at the Wayback Machine .
4. 'U. S. patent to Hans Goldschmidt, No. 578,868. In this patent the patentee acknowledges
that the alumino-thermic reaction was well known and had been used previously for
producing metals and alloys.' (http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2253364.html)
5. H. Goldschmidt, "Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallen oder Metalloiden oder Legierungen
derselben" (Process for the production of metals or metalloids or alloys of the same),
Deutsche Reichs Patent no. 96317 (13 March 1895).
6. Goldschmidt, Hans; Ruhr, Essen a. d. (1898). "Über ein neues Verfahren zur Darstellung von
Metallen und Legirungen mittelst Aluminiums [On a new method for the preparation of metals
and alloys by means of aluminium]" (https://zenodo.org/record/1427497). Justus Liebigs
Annalen der Chemie. 301 (1): 19–28. doi:10.1002/jlac.18983010103 (https://doi.org/10.100
2%2Fjlac.18983010103).
7. Goldschmidt, Dr. Hans; Vautin, Claude (1898-06-30). "Aluminium as a Heating and Reducing
Agent" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110715133307/http://www.pyrobin.com/files/thermit%
28e%29%20journal.pdf) (PDF). Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry. 6 (17): 543–545.
Archived from the original (http://www.pyrobin.com/files/thermit%28e%29%20journal.pdf)
(PDF) on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2011-10-12.
8. Goldschmidt, H., "Über ein neues Verfahren zur Erzeugung von hohen Temperaturen und
zur Darstellung von schwer schmelzbaren kohlefreien Metallen" (On a new method for the
production of high temperatures and for the preparation of refractory carbon-free metals),
Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie, vol. 4, pages 494–499 (1898)
9. Goldschmidt, H., "Verfahren zur Erzeugung hoher Temperaturen" (Method for the production
of high temperatures), Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie, vol. 6, pages 53–57 (1899).
Further reading
Named Things in Chemical Industry (http://cache.search.yahoo-ht2.akadns.net/search/cach
e?ei=UTF-8&p=%22Edward+John+Bevan%22+1856&y=2&fr=yfp-t-501&u=www.careerche
m.com/NAMED/Industry.pdf&w=%22edward+john+bevan%22+1856&d=IIPN7S72Q8lO&icp
=1&.intl=us)
External links
Works by or about Hans Goldschmidt (https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subjec
t%3A%22Goldschmidt%2C%20Hans%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Hans%20Goldschmid
t%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Goldschmidt%2C%20Hans%22%20OR%20creator%3A%
22Hans%20Goldschmidt%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Hans%20Goldschmidt%22%20OR%2
0description%3A%22Goldschmidt%2C%20Hans%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Han
s%20Goldschmidt%22%29%20OR%20%28%221861-1923%22%20AND%20Goldschmidt%
29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29) at the Internet Archive
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