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Cognitive Theory

Jean Piaget's Cognitive Theory of Development outlines how individuals adapt to their environment through cognitive structures called schemas, and involves processes such as assimilation and accommodation. Piaget identified four stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational, each characterized by distinct cognitive abilities. The theory emphasizes the natural human need to understand the world and find order in life.

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9 views20 pages

Cognitive Theory

Jean Piaget's Cognitive Theory of Development outlines how individuals adapt to their environment through cognitive structures called schemas, and involves processes such as assimilation and accommodation. Piaget identified four stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational, each characterized by distinct cognitive abilities. The theory emphasizes the natural human need to understand the world and find order in life.

Uploaded by

Josh Ivan Sabsal Pajenado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

COGNITIVE

THEORY
Jean Piaget's Cognitive Theory
Jean Piaget
Swiss psychologist

Jean's Piaget's Cognitive Theory of


Development is truly a classic in the field of
educational pyschology.

Piaget called his general theoretical


framework "genetic epistemology
Basic Cognitive
Concepts
Schema
Assimilation
Accommodation
Equilibration
SCHEMA
Schema. it refers to the
cognitive structures by
which individuals
intellectually adapt to
and organize their
environment.
ASSIMILATION.
This is the process of
fitting a new experience
into an existing or
previously created
cognitive structure or
schema.
ACCOMMODATION
This is the
process of
creating a new
schema
EQUILIBRATION
Piaget believed that the
people have the natural
need to understand how
the world works and to
find order, structure and
predictability in their life.
Piaget's Stages of
Cognitive
Development
STAGE 1: SENSORIMOTOR
(BIRTH TO 2 YEARS)

STAGE 2: PRE OPERATIONAL


(2 TO 7 YEARS)
STAGE 3: CONCRETE OPERATIONAL
(8 TO 11 YEARS OLD)
STAGE 4: FORMAL OPERATIONAL
(12 TO 15YRS OLD)
STAGE 1:
SENSORIMOTOR
(BIRTH TO 2 YEARS)
STAGE 1: SENSORIMOTOR
(BIRTH TO 2 YEARS)

Object permanence- This is the


ability of the child to know that an
object still exists even when out of
sight.
STAGE 2: PRE
OPERATIONAL
(2 TO 7 YEARS)
STAGE 2: PRE OPERATIONAL
(2 TO 7 YEARS)
Symbolic Function - This is the ability to represent
objects and events.
Egocentrism - This is the tendency of the child to only
see his point of view and to assume that everyone also
has his same point of view.
Centration - This refers to the tendency of the child to
only focus on only one aspect of a thing or an event
and exclude other aspects.
STAGE 2: PRE OPERATIONAL
(2 TO 7 YEARS)
Irreversibility - They have inability to reverse
their thinking.
Animism - This is the tendency of the children to
attributes human like traits or characteristics to
inanimate objects
Transductive reasoning - It is a type of reasing
that is neither deductive or inductive.
STAGE 3: CONCRETE
OPERATIONAL
(8 TO 11 YEARS OLD)
STAGE 3: CONCRETE OPERATIONAL
(8 TO 11 YEARS OLD)
Decentering - This refers to the ability of the
child to perceive the different features of
objects and situations.
Reversibility - The child can follow that
certain operations can be done in reverse.
STAGE 3: CONCRETE OPERATIONAL
(8 TO 11 YEARS OLD)

Conservation - This is the ability to know that


certain properties of objects.
Seriation - This refers to the ability to order
or arrange things.
STAGE 4: FORMAL
OPERATIONAL
(12 TO 15YRS OLD)
STAGE 4. FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE
(12 TO 15 YEARS OLD)
Hypothetical reasoning - This is the ability to come up
with different hypothesis.
Analogical reasoning - This is the ability to perceive
the relationship in one instance and then use that
relationship to narrow down possible answers
Deductive reasoning - This is the ability to think
logically by applying a general rule to a particular
instance or situation.
THANK YOU

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