SPIRITUAL
SELF
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the unit, the students must have:
• Identified various religious practices and beliefs
• Understood self in relation to religious beliefs
• Explained ways of finding meaning in life
Understanding the self is crucial in the According to William James,
development of every individual and it spiritual self is one of the four
can be reflected through deeper constituents of the self. it is because
understanding of the types of a persons‘ of the reason that spiritual self is the
personality. most intimate, inner subjective part
of self.
Warm-up Activity: SPIRITUAL SNAPSHOTS
Reflect on these questions: (5 minutes)
◦One significant life event that
influenced your spiritual beliefs or
values.
◦How did it impact your sense of
purpose or connection with others?
Pair Sharing
Choose a pair and briefly share your
experiences with a partner. Exchange ideas,
listen actively and respectfully. (15 minutes)
◦One significant life event that influenced
your spiritual beliefs or values.
◦How did it impact your sense of purpose
or connection with others?
Ten Spiritual Self-Care You Need to Know
❑Practice Yoga (to harmonize your body, mind and spirit)
❑Meditate (to reduce stress and a clearer connection to who you are)
❑Mindful Walking (to pause in life and just be in the moment)
❑ Clear your space
❑Connect with Community
❑Journal (the act of writing sifts and processes thoughts and emotions)
❑Read Inspiring Materials
❑Be in Nature (being in nature heals)
❑Unplug from Technology
❑Practice Forgiveness
RELIGION
The concept of religion is not that foreign in the
Philippines. Many Filipinos are holding a belief system that
defines their life as a whole. According to Rebecca Stein
religion is a set of cultural beliefs and practices that
usually includes some or all of the basic characteristics
such as:
3. The presence of
2. A focus on sacred
A belief in anthropomorphic supernatural power or energy
supernatural, where sacred
supernatural being such as that is found on supernatural
refers to a feeling of revenge
spirit and gods. beings as physical beings
and awe.
and objects.
6. Provide the creation and
maintenance of social bonds
4. The performance of ritual 5. The articulation of
and mechanism of social
activities that involves the worldview and moral codes
control within the community,
manipulation influence or through narratives and other
provide explanation for
control events. means.
unknown and a sense of
control for individual.
RITUAL
Britannica 2017, defined ritual as the performance of ceremonial
acts prescribed by a tradition or sacred law. It is specific, observable
mode of behavior exhibited by all known societies. It is thus possible to
view ritual as a way of defining or describing humans.
According to Penner, there are three fundamental characteristics
of rituals:
1. A feeling or emotions of respect, awe, fascination, or dread in relation to the
sacred.
2. Dependence upon a belief system that is usually expressed in the language of
myth.
3. Is symbolic in relation to its reference.
MAJOR WORLD
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
AND PRACTICES
According to The Encyclopedia of World
Religions the following were considered
as the world major religions:
Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam,
and Judaism.
Buddhism
Buddhism believes that life is not a bed of roses. Instead, there are
suffering, pain, and frustrations. They want to experience the
goodness of life and avoid disappointments. It becomes a habit
known as the reactive cycle of wanting and hating, like and
dislike, and craving and aversion.
Customs and practices
Samatha is practiced as mindfulness of breathing and development of loving
There are two types of meditation and practices:
kindness (Metta Bhavana).
samathapractices
Vipassana and vipassana.
aim at developing insight into reality. Acquiring wisdom is
by studying buddha‘s teaching, the Dharma. Though the reflection of Dharma,
Buddhists can achieve a deeper understanding of life Buddhists believe in
non-violence principle.
Christianity
Christians believed in one (triune) God. God the Father who is the creator, God
the Son who is the Savior, and God the Holy Spirit who is the comforter. The
central belief focused on Jesus Christ as the Savior of humanity, which the
eternal life will be obtained through Him if a person will put his trust in His Name
by faith alone. The Sacred books of the Christians is called the Bible which is
divided into two, The Old Testament and the New Testament.
Customs and practices
Baptism and communion or Lord Supper are practices observed
by the Christian churches and express in different ways. Baptism
symbolizes the identity in Jesus Christ and the communion or Lord
Supper symbolizes the remembrance of Christ sacrifice as the
Savior of humanity. Christians celebrates December 25th of each
year as the birth date of the Savior Jesus the Christ. Others,
commemorates the day of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Hinduism
There is no single founder or leader. Hindus believed the existence is a cycle of
birth, death and rebirth, governed by Karma. Karma is a concept where the
reincarnated life will depend on how the past life was spent. Hindus believe that
the soul passes through a cycle of successive lives and its next incarnation is
always depend on how the previous lives will lived. Vedas are sacred scriptures
of Hindu, with Mahabharata and Ramayana as two other important texts of
Hindus.
Customs and practices
Diwali, and Navrati are the major most celebrated festivals of the
Hindus. Diwali is the festival of lights while Navrati is the festival of
nine nights, which celebrate the triumph of good over evil.
Hindus have set dates to honor particular manifestations of God.
Islam
Muslim believe in Allah, who is their ―One God. They believe in the unity and
universality of God. Muslim also have strong sense of community or ―ummah.
and an awareness of their solidarity with all Muslims worldwide. Islam means
―willing submission to God. Muslim believe that Mohammed is the last and final
prophet sent by God. Mohammed was born in Mecca in 570 CE and received
revelations from God called the ―Quran, which was taught to be recited in
Arabic because translation is seen as inadequate.
Customs and practices
Muslims belive in the five pilars of Islam, which are the foundation
of Muslim life.
Islam
1. Shahadah – statement of faith: There is no God but the one
true God and Mohammed is his messenger
2. Salat – the prayer that is practiced five times a day
3. Zakat – the monetary offering for the benefit of the poor. It
comprises the 2.5% of Muslim assets
4. Hajj – the yearly pilgrimage to Mecca. Muslims who can afford
are asked to do the pilgrimage at least once in their life time
5. Sawm – the fasting. Muslim do fasting, from food, drink, and
sexual act, during the celebration of Ramadan. Ramadan is the
ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar. The fast from dawn to
sunset.
1. Shahadah – statement of
faith: There is no God but
2. Salat – the prayer that is
the one true God and
practiced five times a day
Mohammed is his
messenger
4. Hajj – the yearly
3. Zakat – the monetary
pilgrimage to Mecca.
offering for the benefit of the
Muslims who can afford are
poor. It comprises the 2.5%
asked to do the pilgrimage
of Muslim assets
at least once in their life time
5. Sawm – the fasting.
Muslim do fasting, from
food, drink, and sexual act,
during the celebration of
Ramadan. Ramadan is the
ninth month of the Islamic
lunar calendar. The fast
from dawn to sunset.
The two major festival in Islam is Eidul-Fitr
and Eidul-Adha. Eidul-Fitr is the celebration
at the end of Ramadan, while Eidul-Adha is
celebrated within the completion of the
Pilgrimage, the Hajj.
Judaism
The Jews believe in the God of Abraham, the same God that liberated the
Hebrew slaves from Egypt to Canaan, the Promised Land through the
leadership of Moses and later, Joshua. The Jews believe in the coming of
Messiah, the Savior. The sacred scriptures of the Jews are called the Torah of the
Law. The Torah is the guide of the Jewish living. The study and interpretation of
Torah is part of the Jewish culture.
Customs and practices
There are five major festivals observed by the Jews:
1. Rosh Hashanah – the new year
2. Yom Kippur – the Day of Atonement
3. Pesach – Passover
4. Shavuot – Pentecost
5. Sukkot – Tabernacles
Finding and
Creating a
Meaning in
Life
Logotherapy
Logotherapy is a psychotherapy introduced
by Dr. Viktor Frankel who is considered the father
of logotherapy. The main belief of logotherapy is
that man‘s primary motivation force is search for
meaning. Logotherapy aids individuals to find
personal meaning of life, whatever life situation
they may be.
Logotherapy
In logotherapy, meaning can be discovered by creating a
work or doing a deed, experiencing something or encountering
someone and the attitude toward unavoidable suffering.
According to the Viktor Frankl institute of logotherapy, it uses
the philosophy of optimism in the face of tragedy, where people
are capable of ―turning suffering into human achievement and
accomplishment deriving from guilt the opportunity to change
oneself for the better; and deriving from one‘s life transitoriness
an incentive to take responsible action‖
Basic concept of Franklian Psychology
The Franklian psychology has the basic
concept. These are the following:
1. Life has meaning under all circumstances
2. Main motivation for living is our will to find
meaning in life.
3. Freedom to find meaning.
Finding and Creating Meaning in Life
through the Spiritual Self involves a
personal journey where individuals
explore their inner beliefs, values, and
connections with a greater purpose or
higher power. Here are ways to
cultivate this meaning:
SELF-REFLECTION AND CONNECTION WITH A SERVICE TO OTHERS
AWARENESS HIGHER POWER OR
PURPOSE
EMBRACING LIFE'S LIVING AUTHENTICALLY
CHALLENGES
The end.
