UNIT II
Physical Self
PHYSICAL SELF
• It refers to the body that includes basic parts such as head, neck, arms and legs.
• Made up of other organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, intestines and muscles.
• The body performs its functions least well during infancy and old age.
• Physical efficiency generally peaks in early adulthood and declines into middle age.
THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH
During childhood continues at a slow rate compared with rapid rate of growth in
babyhood.
Adolescence is the stage of development characterized by rapidly physical changes
that includes the maturation of the reproductive system.
Crucial stage of development is the adolescence stage.
FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Heredity- biological process of transmission of traits from parents of offspring.
2. Environment- individual is exposed after conception to death which includes learning and
experience. Factors such as diet, nutrition, and diseases play an important role in the
physical development.
3. Body image how individual perceive, think, and feel about their body and physical
appearance.
4. Appearance- everything about a person that others can observe such as height, weight,
skin color, clothes, and hairstyle.
5. Self-esteem- a person’s overall evaluation of his or her own worth.
Morris Rosenberg defined self-esteem as one’s attitude toward oneself. He devised the
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, a test that measures self-worth by rating both positive and
negative feelings about the self.
Low self-esteem is very common in adolescents.
Adolescents worry about different part of their bodies.
Younger women and girls tend to have poor body image.
CAUSES: What are the common causes of poor body image?
1. Thin ideal body (slim)
2. Bullying and peer pressure
3. Media
EFFECTS: Effects of poor body image?
1. Body dissatisfaction. Not contented, negative view about yourself.
2. Depression. is a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.
3. Low self-esteem. Feeling unloved, incompetent and inadequate.
4. Eating disorder- serious and life threatening disorder.
Two types of eating disorder:
1. Bulimia (purging)
2. Anorexia nervosa (fear of gaining weight and may result severe starvation)
5. Body modification- undergo cosmetics surgery.
1. Tattooing
2. Permanent make up
3. Body piercing
4. Cosmetics surgery breast
5. Cheek enhancement
THE IMPACT OF CULTURE
• Culture has a great influence on a person’s self-esteem and body image. It can be positive,
negative, or both.
• The culture that we are surrounded by has a substantial influence on how we feel about
ourselves and how we think about our bodies.
Egyptian- beauty is portrayed in women with slim, high waist, narrow hips, and long black
hair.
Renaissance- Women with full figure and rounded hips were considered beautiful during
the renaissance period.
Medieval- some tribes (e.g., Africa) during the medieval age consider chubby fat, fat, or
plum women beautiful.
Asian- Malaysia, Philippines, and Indonesia which used to be beautiful, are women with
flat noses. The standards of beauty change over time due to culture. Traditionally
considered most attractive are those humans who have clear skin, thick shiny hair, well-
proportioned bodies, and symmetrical faces.
Sexual Self
SEX AND HUMAN VALUES
In research when they label the sexually reserved individuals as “erotophobic” and as
“high sex guilt” they explicit their own values.
SEX DRIVE
sex drive peaks during the teens and early twenties. The drive declines gradually during
the middle forties, another sharp decline in sexual activity appears in the late sixties.
LIKING AND LOVING (INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION)
• To like somebody or to have a desire to be in a relationship with somebody.
• We like being with people, we enjoy the company of others.
PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS
• We are attracted to those who are physically attractive.
• Example: Some men find women with long hair are attractive but some men like women
with short hair to see their neck area.
LOVE vs. LUST
LUST
Focus on a person's looks and body.
Interested in having sex, but not in having conversations.
Keep the relationship on a fantasy level, not discuss real feelings.
Want to leave soon after sex rather than cuddling or breakfast the next morning.
Are lovers, but not friends.
LOVE
Spend quality time together with other than sex.
Get lost in conversations and forget about the hours passing.
Honestly listen to each other's feelings, make each other happy.
Motivates you to be a better person.
Want to get to meet his or her family and friends.
SEXUAL RESPONSE
It refers to the order of physical and emotional changes that arise as a person becomes
sexually aroused and partakes in sexually exciting activities, including intercourse (coitus)
and masturbation.
LGBTQ
1. Lesbian - A woman who is primarily attracted to women.
2. Gay- A man who is primarily attracted to men; sometimes a broad term for individuals
primarily attracted to same-sex.
3. Bisexual- An individual attracted to people of their own and opposite gender.
4. Transgender- A person whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex at birth.
5. Transsexual- An outdated term that originated in the medical and psychological
communities for people who have permanently changed their gender identity through
surgery and hormones.
6. Queer- An umbrella term to be more inclusive of the many identities and variations that
make-up the LGBTQ + community.
7. Intersex- An individual whose sexual anatomy or chromosomes do not fit with the traditional
markers of “female” and “male”.
FORMS OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
1. Chlamydia
2. Gonorrhea
3. Genital Herpes (HSV-2)
4. Genital Warts (HPV)
5. Hepatitis B
6. HIV and AIDS
7. Pubic Lice
8. Syphilis
9. Trichomoniasis
CONTRACEPTION METHODS
Artificial Method- this method can be stopped when couples decided to have child again.
1. Pills
2. Injection (Depo Provera)
3. Implants
4. Cervical Sponge
5. Spermicidal Gel
6. Condom
7. IUD
Natural Method- this method is encouraged by the church because it does not use chemicals
and therefore has no side effects on the part of the partners.
1. Calendar Method
2. Abstinence
3. Mucus Method
4. Basal Body Temperature Method
