Emergency Cart

Medications, NGT,
and CTT
Presented by OLFU Group 18 3YA-5
Overview
01
Emergency Cart
Medications
Emergency Cart Medications
 EPINEPHRINE A D R E N A L I N

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

1. Population: 1. Action on Receptors: Epinephrine injection is Evaluate the patient's medical

Both adults and children Epinephrine acts on both indicated for emergency history, allergies, and current
weighing 30 kg (66 lbs) or more. alpha and beta-adrenergic treatment of type I allergic medications.
2. Recommended Dose: receptors. reactions, including Administer via the correct route
The recommended dose is in the 2. Mechanism of Blood Pressure anaphylaxis. (intramuscular or subcutaneous)
range of 0.3 to 0.5 mg. Increase: Used to increase mean arterial as directed.
3. Volume Range: The rise in blood pressure blood pressure in adult Ensure proper dilution and dosage
Administer a corresponding involves a 3-fold mechanism: patients with hypotension according to the specific
volume ranging from 0.3 mL to Direct myocardial associated with septic shock. indication.
0.5 mL. stimulation, increasing Continuously monitor cardiac
4. Administration Route: ventricular contraction rhythm, ECG, and oxygen
Administer intramuscularly or strength (positive saturation during administration..
subcutaneously. inotropic action). Educate patients and caregivers
5. Injection Site: Increased heart rate on the signs and symptoms of
Administer in the anterolateral (positive chronotropic anaphylaxis or emergency
aspect of the thigh. action). situations.
6. Maximum Dose per Injection: Peripheral Instruct on proper use of auto-
The maximum allowed per vasoconstriction. injectors if applicable.
injection is 0.5 mg (0.5 mL). Thoroughly document the
7. Repeat Administration: administration, including dosage,
Repeat the administration every route, patient response, and any
5 to 10 minutes as necessary observed adverse effects.
during an emergency situation.
 CALCIUM GLUCONATE
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Adult 5-20 mL by slow IV. Childn Calcium Supplement: Calcium Treatment of calcium Assess patient's calcium levels and
500 mg/kg/day or 12 g/m2/day by gluconate serves as a source of deficiencies renal function before
slow IV. supplemental calcium to address Addresses deficiencies related administration.
conditions of hypocalcemia or to tetany, hypoparathyroidism, Be aware of symptoms of
calcium deficiency. rapid growth, or pregnancy. hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia.
Cardioprotective: It can be Management of black widow Administer intravenously slowly to
administered in emergency spider bites avoid rapid infusion-related
situations to stabilize cardiac erves as an adjunct in the adverse effects.
function, especially in cases of treatment of black widow Dilute the solution appropriately
hyperkalemia or calcium channel spider bites. according to guidelines.
blocker toxicity. Adjunct in various conditions Monitor cardiac rhythm, vital
Counteracts Antagonistic Drugs: Assists in the treatment of signs, and serum calcium levels
Used to counteract the effects of rickets, osteomalacia, lead during and after administration.
certain drugs, such as calcium colic, and magnesium sulfate Observe for signs of extravasation
channel blockers, by promoting overdosage. during IV infusion..
normal cardiac and Decreasing capillary Provide information on dietary
neuromuscular function. permeability sources of calcium.
Treatment for Hyperkalemia: Reduces capillary permeability Document administration details,
Calcium gluconate can be used in allergic conditions, non- including dosage, route, and
to counteract the toxic effects of thrombocytopenic purpura, patient response.
high potassium levels in the and exudative dermatoses. Record any observed adverse
blood, helping to restore normal Antagonizing cardiac toxicity reactions or patient complaints.
cardiac rhythm. Aids in antagonizing cardiac
toxicity associated with
 DIGOXIN L I G O X I N

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

For Adults and Children (>10 years) Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside: Management of chronic Assess apical pulse for one minute
without recent cardiac glycoside use: Exhibits positive inotropic cardiac failure where the before administration; withhold if pulse
Loading Dose: 500-1,000 mcg IV activity, enhancing myocardial dominant problem is systolic is below the specified range.
infusion over 10-20 minutes (based contraction force. dysfunction; Monitor serum digoxin levels regularly.
on age, lean body weight, and renal Reduces heart conductivity supraventricular arrhythmias Administer oral digoxin consistently
function). through the atrioventricular (AV) particularly chronic atrial with meals.
Administered in divided doses with node, contributing to anti- flutter & fibrillation. Cardiac Use caution with IV administration;
approximately ½ total dose as the arrhythmic effects. failure accompanied by atrial follow recommended dilution and
first dose, and further fractions at 4- Directly acts on vascular smooth fibrillation. infusion rates.
8 hour intervals. muscle. Monitor for signs of digoxin toxicity,
Maintenance Dose: 0.125-0.25 mg Indirectly influences such as nausea, vomiting, visual
daily; reduce to ≤62.5 mcg daily for cardiovascular function through disturbances, or arrhythmias.
increased sensitivity to adverse autonomic nervous system Keep a watch on serum electrolyte
effects. modulation and increased vagal levels, especially potassium.
For Neonates, Infants, and Children up activity. Educate patients on the importance of
to 10 years without recent cardiac regular follow-up appointments and
glycoside use: blood tests.
Loading Dose: Varied based on age Emphasize the significance of adhering
and weight (25 mcg/kg for 5-10 to prescribed dosage.
years, 35 mcg/kg for 2-5 years and Document accurate vital signs,
term neonates to 2 years, 30 mcg/kg including pulse rate, before
for preterm neonates 1.5-2.5 kg, 20 administration.
mcg/kg for <1.5 kg) over 24 hours.
 MECLOP
M E T O C L O P R A M I D E

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

GERD and Gastroparesis (Adults): Class: Substituted benzamide. GERD: Relieves heartburn and Assess for gastrointestinal issues,
10-15 mg orally, four times daily Properties: Prokinetic and regurgitation S/S associated nausea, vomiting, and signs of
before meals and at bedtime. antiemetic. with Gastroesophageal Reflux gastric stasis.
GERD and Gastroparesis (Children 5- Mechanism: Accelerates gastric Disease. Administer oral metoclopramide
14): 2.5-5 mg orally, two to three emptying and intestinal transit Gastroparesis: Enhances gastric 30 minutes before meals and at
times daily before meals. time by stimulating upper emptying, alleviating symptoms bedtime.
Nausea and Vomiting (Adults): 10 gastrointestinal motility. of delayed stomach emptying. Administer IV metoclopramide
mg, repeated every 6-8 hours as Effects: Increases gastric Nausea and Vomiting: slowly to minimize the risk of
needed. peristalsis without stimulating Effectively manages nausea and adverse reactions.
Nausea and Vomiting (Children 5- gastric, biliary, or pancreatic vomiting related to various Monitor for extrapyramidal
14): 2.5-5 mg, repeated every 6-8 secretions. conditions, including symptoms, especially in high-risk
hours as needed. Receptor Action: Blocks chemotherapy, surgery, and populations.
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and dopamine and serotonin medical treatments. Assess bowel function and
Vomiting (Adults): 2 mg/kg, up to receptors in the CNS Prevention of Chemotherapy- document changes in bowel
100 mg, 2 hours before chemoreceptor trigger zone. Induced Nausea and Vomiting habits.
chemotherapy, repeated every 2 (CINV): Used prophylactically to Instruct patients to report any
hours as necessary. prevent nausea and vomiting signs of involuntary movements
Migraine Headaches (Adults): 10 mg, caused by chemotherapy. or unusual side effects.
repeated every 30 minutes, not Migraine Headaches: Record patient response,
exceeding 30 mg in 24 hours. Occasionally used to treat acute including relief of nausea or
migraine headaches, especially improvement in gastric motility.
when other treatments are Monitor for drowsiness, fatigue,
ineffective. or other central nervous system
effects.
 PORFEVERP A R A C E T A M O L

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Adults: 500 mg to 1,000 mg every 4 paracetamol may work in used as either or both an Monitor the patient’s response to
to 6 hours, with a maximum of blocking the generation of pain analgesic and medication.
4,000 mg in 24 hours. impulses when administered antipyretic.Parenteral form (I.V Monitor and report
Children (2-12 years): 15 mg to 20 peripherally. furthermore , or I.M) 300mg every 4 hours as hypersensitivity and anaphylactic
mg per kg of body weight every 4 to paracetamol may affect neededand dose shouldnot reactions.
6 hours. prostagladin it central nervous exceed 4 grams per day. Educate the patient about the
Infants (up to 2 years): 10 mg to 15 system (CNS), thereby inhibiting action, indication, common side
mg per kg of body weight every 4 to pain impulses. effects, and adverse reaction of
6 hours. the drug.
Adjust doses based on weight. Nurses should refer to
Follow medical guidance and adhere manufacturer’s summary of
to recommended dosage limits to product characteristics and to
prevent potential adverse effects. appropriate local guidelines.
 AMCETAMP A R A C E T A M O L

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Adults: Typically, 500 mg to 1,000 Analgesic (Pain Relief): Pain Relief: Used for the
mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed, Acts centrally in the brain to management of mild to Assess patient's pain level and
not exceeding 4,000 mg in a 24-hour reduce the perception of pain. moderate pain. temperature before
period. Antipyretic (Fever Reduction): Fever Reduction: Employed to administration.
Children (2-12 years): Dose varies Reduces fever by acting on the reduce fever in various Evaluate hepatic function, as
based on weight, commonly 15 mg hypothalamus, the part of the conditions. acetaminophen metabolism
to 20 mg per kg of body weight brain that regulates body Common Cold and Flu: Often occurs in the liver.
every 4 to 6 hours, with a maximum temperature. included in medications to Administer the correct dosage
dose per 24 hours. alleviate associated symptoms. based on weight and age.
Infants (up to 2 years): Dose varies Post-Vaccination Discomfort: Follow recommended dosing
based on weight, usually 10 mg to 15 Used to ease pain or intervals and maximum daily
mg per kg of body weight every 4 to discomfort following limits.
6 hours, with a maximum dose per vaccinations. Monitor for signs of overdose,
24 hours. Osteoarthritis and Headaches: especially
Adjust doses for renal impairment or Utilized for relief in
under medical guidance. Always osteoarthritis and certain
adhere to recommended limits to types of headaches.
avoid potential adverse effects. Dental Pain: Can be prescribed
for dental pain management.
 POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Adults: Initial Maintain acid-base balance, Prevention and correction of Patients at increased risk for GI
doses range isotonicity and potassium deficiency to prevent lesions when taking oral potassium
from 40-100 electrophysiologic balance hypokalemia include those with Scheleroderma,
mEq/day in 2-5
of the cell. diabetes mitral valve replacement,
divided doses:
Activator in many enzymatic cardiomegaly, or esophageal
limit doses to 40
mEq per dose. reactions. strictures and elderly or immobile
Total daily dose Essential to transmission of patients.
should not nerve impulses., contraction Drug is commonly used orally with
exceed 200 mEq of cardiac skeletal, and potassium-wasting diuretics to
Pediatric smooth muscle; gastric maintain potassium levels.
patients aged secretion; renal function; Monitor continues ECG and
birth to 16 years tissue synthesis, and electrolyte levels during therapy.
old: 2-4
carbohydrate metabolism Monitor renal function after surgery
mEq/kg/day in
don’t give drug until urine flow is
divided doses;
not to exceed 1 established.
mEq/kg as a Many adverse reactions may reflect
single dose or 20 hyperkalemia
mEq
 PHENYTOIN SODIUM FENTIN

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Adult: 100 Blocking voltage-sensitive Managing epilepsy and other Assess baseline vital signs and
mg 3 times sodium channels. These seizure-related conditions, offering neurological status.
channels play a crucial role in stability and improved quality of life Emphasize the importance of regular
a day or
the generation and spread of for those affected follow-up appointments and
300 mg electrical impulses in the brain. laboratory tests to monitor drug
once a day. By inhibiting these sodium levels.
Children channels, phenytoin prevents Administer phenytoin as prescribed,
older than the excessive and rapid firing of taking note of specific instructions
neurons, which is characteristic regarding dosage, frequency, and
6 years of
of seizures. timing.
age: 300 If phenytoin is administered
mg per day intravenously, follow proper dilution
and infusion guidelines to minimize
the risk of adverse effects.
Observe for signs of adverse
reactions such as rash, nausea,
dizziness, and ataxia.
 ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE ISOKET

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

1. Immediate-Release It involves the release of nitric Attacks of all forms of angina Indicators of the cardiovascular system
Tablets:
The usual
oxide, which leads to pectoris should be monitored:
starting dose is vasodilation, improved blood Prevention of angina pectoris Blood pressure control
often 5 mg to 20 flow to the heart, and a reduced Acute myocardial infarction ECG monitoring
mg, 2 or 3 times
daily.
workload on the heart. Chronic heart failure Hear rate
The frequency of Urination volume
administration
and the specific
dose may be
adjusted based
on the individual
response and
side effects.
2. Extended-Release
Capsules:
It is usually taken
once daily.
The typical
starting dose
may range from
20 mg to 80 mg
once daily.
 ASPIRIN
SCHEEPRIN

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

75-150 mg once Inhibit the activity of the Prevention of stroke and Routinely monitor the
daily for long enzyme now called heart attack in high-risk effectiveness of aspirin by
term use. Doses cyclooxygenase (COX) patients. assessing pain levels and fever
up to 300 mg which leads to the Used as antithrombotic reduction.
daily may be formation of prostaglandins agent in the initial Monitor for signs of toxicity:
necessary for (PGs) that cause treatment of heart diseases. diplopia, EKG changes, seizures,
some inflammation, swelling, pain Prevention of hallucinations, hyperthermia,
circumstances, and fever. cardiovascular events in oliguria, acute renal failure,
particularly for various conditions or irritability, restlessness, tremor,
short-term use. procedure. confusion, lethargy, and
anaphylaxis. The elderly are at a
greater risk for toxicity.
Closely monitor hemoglobin,
hematocrit, INR, and renal
function when prescribed long-
term therapy.
 AMIODARONE HCI RHYTMA

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

The starting dose is It works directly on the heart It is commonly prescribed for the EKG continuously during IV amiodarone
between 800 to
tissue and will slow the nerve treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, infusion and initiation of PO therapy.
1600 mg per day in
one or two divided impulses in the heart. including ventricular fibrillation and Amiodarone can cause pulmonary
doses for one to hemodynamically unstable toxicity, so monitor patient’s respiratory
three weeks. ventricular tachycardia. status carefully.
Decreased to 600 to
800 given in 1 or 2
Patients taking amiodarone long-term
daily divided doses should get regular chest x-rays and
for approximately pulmonary function tests.
one month.
Further decreased
to a maintenance
dose of 400 mg/day.

IV form
Given as a bolus of
150 mg over 10
minutes. Then follow
with 360 mg given
over the next 6
hours (1 mg/min),
and then 540 mg
over the next 18
hours (0.5 mg/min).
 Dipenhydramine HCL
BENAXIL

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Typically 25-50 It's an antihistamine that Used for allergic reactions, Monitor for adverse reactions like
mg every 4-6 blocks histamine insomnia, motion sickness, drowsiness, dry mouth; assess
hours, not receptors, providing relief and as a mild sedative. allergy symptoms, and educate
exceeding 300 from allergy symptoms. patients about potential side
mg/day. effects.
 Atropine
TROPIN

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Can vary, but Acts as an antimuscarinic Used for bradycardia, Monitor vital signs, especially heart
commonly agent, blocking organophosphate poisoning, rate; assess for contraindications
administered acetylcholine receptors, and to dilate pupils during like glaucoma; be aware of
as 0.5-1 mg IV leading to increased heart ophthalmic procedures. potential side effects such as dry
for bradycardia rate and bronchodilation. mouth, blurred vision, and urinary
or retention. Administer cautiously in
organophosph certain conditions like tachycardia.
ate poisoning.
 Clopidogrel Bisulfate
CLOPIX

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Usual dose is An antiplatelet agent that Used to prevent Monitor for signs of bleeding,
75 mg orally inhibits platelet cardiovascular events like especially in high-risk patients;
once daily, with aggregation by blocking heart attack and stroke in assess for contraindications or
or without ADP receptors, reducing patients with atherosclerosis interactions with other drugs;
food. the risk of blood clots. or recent heart-related educate patients on the
events. importance of medication
adherence and signs of side
effects.
 Furosemide
AEFUR

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

The initial dose A loop diuretic that Used to treat edema Monitor electrolytes, especially
can vary but is inhibits sodium associated with heart failure, potassium, as furosemide can lead
commonly 20- reabsorption in the renal liver disease, or renal to hypokalemia; assess fluid
80 mg orally or tubules, leading to dysfunction, and to manage balance, blood pressure, and renal
IV, with increased urine hypertension. function regularly; educate
adjustments production and fluid loss. patients about the importance of
based on maintaining a consistent
response. potassium intake and signs of
dehydration.
 Magnesium Sulfate
MAGNESIUM SULFATE

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Varied dosages Acts as a central nervous Used in the treatment of Monitor for signs of magnesium
for different system depressant and preeclampsia and eclampsia toxicity, such as loss of deep
indications. For smooth muscle relaxant, during pregnancy, torsades de tendon reflexes and respiratory
example, for used to prevent seizures in pointes, and as a magnesium depression; assess renal function
eclampsia, an conditions like eclampsia supplement in cases of and electrolyte levels; closely
initial loading and as a magnesium deficiency. monitor patients during IV
dose of 4-6 g IV supplement. administration; educate patients
is often on potential side effects and the
followed by a importance of compliance.
maintenance
dose.
 Multivitamins + Dexpanthenol
Sannovit
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

One ampule In tissues, vitamin B12 is Used for treatment and High doses of supplemental B3
3mL twice required for the synthesis of prevention of beri-beri, (niacin) may lead to vomiting,
methionine from
weekly via peripheral neuritis, high blood sugar levels, skin
homocysteine. Methionine
IV/IM or as is required for the formation anemia. flushing, and even liver damage
per of S-adenosylmethionine, a Additionally, high doses of B6
prescribed methyl donor for nearly 100 can cause nerve damage, light
by substrates, comprised of sensitivity, and painful skin
DNA, RNA, hormones,
physician lesions.
proteins, as well as lipids.
Vitamin B12 incorporates
into circulating folic acid
into growing red blood cells;
retaining the folate in these
cells
 HYDROCORTISONE SODIUM
SUCCINATE
Solu-Cortef

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Initial dose is -It weakens your immune -Status asthmaticus and acute Assess patient for signs of
100 mg to 500 system's response to allergic reaction, in adrenal insufficiency
mg, depending various diseases to reduce anaphylactic reaction to (hypotension, weight loss,
on the specific symptoms such as drugs, severe shock (surgical, weakness, nausea, vomiting,
disease being swelling and allergic-type accidental trauma or anorexia, lethargy, confusion,
treated. This reactions. Hydrocortisone overwhelming infection). restlessness, poor feeding,
dose may be may also be used with Addison's disease, Simmond's fatigue, low muscle tone, joint
repeated at other medications to disease, tuberculous pain, hypoglycemia) prior to
intervals of 2, 4 replace certain hormones meningitis and other and periodically during
or 6 hours if you have decreased meningitis. therapy. Monitor intake and
depending on adrenal gland function or output ratios and daily weights.
patient Addison's disease
response and
condition.
 Ipratropium Inhalation
Atrovent HFA

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Adults and children Ipratropium is an It belongs to a group of Assess for allergy to atropine and
12 years of age and belladonna alkaloids; patients with
older—1 to 4 puffs acetylcholine antagonist medicines called
these allergies may also be sensitive
four times a day, at via blockade of muscarinic anticholinergic
regularly spaced to ipratropium.
cholinergic receptors. bronchodilators. Atrovent Assess respiratory status (rate, breath
times, as needed.
Children up to 12 Blocking cholinergic UDV opens up the air sounds, degree of dyspnea, pulse)
years of age—1 or 2 receptors decreases the passages in people suffering before administration and at peak of
puffs three or four
production of cyclic from asthma, chronic medication.
times a day, at
Nasal Spray: Assess patient for
regularly spaced guanosine bronchitis and difficulty
times, as needed rhinorrhea
monophosphate (cGMP). breathing during or after
This decrease in the lung surgery. It begins to act
airways will lead to quickly after use but may take
decreased contraction of up to 2 hours to give
the smooth muscles. maximum benefit.
 D-Glucose Glucose

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Intravenous Dextrose works by quickly Dextrose (antidote) is used for Assess the hydration status of
solution: increasing the amount of acute alcohol intoxication, patients receiving IV dextrose.
2.5% glucose in your blood. sulfonylurea overdose, insulin Monitor intake and output and
5% Glucose is found in foods overdose, high blood electrolyte concentrations.
10% rich in carbohydrates, potassium (hyperkalemia), Assess patient for dehydration
20% such as bread, cereal, and insulin induced or edema.
30% potatoes, fruit, pasta, and hypoglycemia in pediatric Assess nutritional status,
50% rice. Glucose is a source of patients function of gastrointestinal
70% energy, and all the cells tract, and caloric needs of
Oral Liquid and organs in your body patient.
55% need glucose to function Monitor IV site frequently for
properly. phlebitis and infection
 Sodium Bicarbonate
KONABI
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

For sodium bicarbonate

powder:
The main therapeutic Sodium bicarbonate is Keep sodium bicarbonate
To relieve heartburn or
sour stomach:
effect of sodium indicated in the treatment of ampules handy for emergency
Adults and teenagers—One- bicarbonate metabolic acidosis which may administration.
half teaspoonful in a glass
of water every two hours. administration is occur in severe renal disease, Monitor vital signs, laboratory
Your doctor may change
the dose if needed. increasing plasma uncontrolled diabetes, results and level of
Children—Dose must be
determined by your doctor.
bicarbonate levels, which circulatory insufficiency due consciousness frequently.
are known to buffer excess to shock or severe Watch out for signs of
For sodium bicarbonate
tablets: hydrogen ion dehydration, extracorporeal decreasing level of
To relieve heartburn or
sour stomach: concentration, thereby circulation of blood, cardiac consciousness.
Adults and teenagers—325
milligrams (mg) to 2 grams
raising solution pH to arrest and severe primary Record intake and output
one to four times a day. combat clinical lactic acidosis. accurately to monitor renal
Children up to 6 years of
age—Dose must be manifestations of acidosis. function.
determined by your doctor.
Children 6 to 12 years of
age—The dose is 520 mg.
The dose may be repeated
in thirty minutes.
 Epinephrine
EPIX
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

typically Stimulates alpha- - Anaphylaxis Monitor changes of BP and HR.

administered in adrenergic receptors - Hypotension associated Assess lung sounds for rhonchi,
a range of 0.1 (vasoconstriction, with septic shock wheezing, rales.
to 1 mg every 3 pressor effects). - Asthma Monitor ABGs.
to 5 minutes. Stimulates beta1- - Cardiac Resuscitation
adrenergic receptors
(cardiac stimulation).
Stimulates beta2-
adrenergic receptors
(bronchial dilation,
vasodilation).
 Norepinephrine
SEPHRIN
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

administered Stimulates alpha and - Restore BP in acute Continuously monitor blood

as an infusion beta1 receptors in the hypotension pressure, administer via infusion
ranging from sympathetic nervous - Production of mydriasis pump, and closely observe for
0.1 to 0.5 system, causing complications such as tissue
mcg/kg/minute. vasoconstriction and necrosis at the infusion site.
cardiac stimulation.

Additionally, it produces
local vasoconstriction on
dilated arterioles of the
conjunctiva and nasal
mucosa.
 Dobutamine
DOBUMIN / DOBULEX

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

intravenous Stimulates heart's beta1 To increase cardiac output Continuously monitor ECG, BP,
infusion receptors to increase during short-term treatment Cardiac Output and Urine Output
typically myocardial contractility of cardiac decompensation during therapy.
ranging from 2 and stroke volume. caused by depressed
to 20 contractility, such as during
mcg/kg/minute refractory HF; adjunctive
therapy in cardiac surgery.
 Lidocaine Hydrochloride
ANESTIN
Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

5-20mg/ml for A class IB antiarrhythmic Ventricular arrhythmias Keep emergency drugs available to
direct IV use that decreases the caused by MI, cardiac counteract potential side effects:
depolarization, manipulation, or cardiac - Atropine for reflex bradycardia.
automaticity, and glycosides. - Phentolamine to decrease
vasopressor effects.
excitability in the
When discontinuing the drug,
ventricles during the Ventricular arrhythmias;
gradually slow the infusion rate.
diastolic phase by direct shock-refractory ventricular Continue monitoring vital signs to
action on the tissues, fibrillation; pulse-less detect any potential severe drop
especially the Purkinje ventricular tachycardia in blood pressure.
network.
 Lidocaine Xylocaine

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

20 mg/ml Inhibits the influx of Patient Assessment

sodium ions into the nerve Monitoring
cells, blocking the Lidocaine is used for local and Local anesthesia
initiation and conduction regional anesthesia and/or to Adverse reactions
of nerve impulses. manage pain. Patient Education

Local anesthesia Ventricular arrhythmia caused

Antiarrhythmic by MI, cardiac manipulation or
cardiac glycosides
and; shock-refractory
ventricular fibrillatio;
pulseless ventricular
tachycardia
 Salbutamol Hivent

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

1mg/1ml Relaxes bronchial smooth symptomatic relief and Patient Assessment: Hx.
Nebule muscle with less prevention of bronchospasm Respiratory conditions, vital
prominent effect on the due to bronchial asthma, signs particularly respiratory
heart. chronic bronchitis, reversible rate, heart rate, and oxygen
obstructive airway disease, saturation.
and other chronic Medication administration-
bronchopulmonary disorders according to the prescribed
dosage and route.
Monitoring, and observe for
signs of bronchodilation (inc.
ease of breathing and dec.
wheezing)
 Haloperidol
SEREDOL

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Blocks dopamine Indicated for the treatment Baseline Assessment:

receptors in the brain, of various psychiatric Assess behavior, appearance,
which helps in reducing disorders, including emotional status, response to
symptoms of psychosis. schizophrenia, acute environment, speech pattern.
Decreases the release of psychotic episodes, and other Assess mental status
hypothalamic and conditions involving severe Monitor for B.P., heart
hypophyseal hormones. agitation and delirium. rate/rhythm, ECG
Promotes calmness and
reduces aggressiveness
with disappearance of
hallucinations and
delusions.
 Phytonadione Dynaphyto

Dose Action Indication Nursing Responsibilities

Anticoagulant reversal, Treatment and prevention of Patient Assessment

promotes the production Vitamin K Deficiency. Monitoring
of clotting factors, helping Used to reverse the effects of Administration
to restore normal anticoagulant medications. Patient Education
coagulation.