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Cell Structure and Function

The document provides an overview of cell structure and function, highlighting that cells are the basic unit of life and categorizing them into prokaryotic and eukaryotic types. It details key organelles found in eukaryotic cells, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, as well as plant-specific organelles like chloroplasts and the central vacuole. Additionally, it describes the cell membrane's role in regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

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31 views1 page

Cell Structure and Function

The document provides an overview of cell structure and function, highlighting that cells are the basic unit of life and categorizing them into prokaryotic and eukaryotic types. It details key organelles found in eukaryotic cells, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, as well as plant-specific organelles like chloroplasts and the central vacuole. Additionally, it describes the cell membrane's role in regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Uploaded by

yegoni6657
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Cell Structure and Function

1. Introduction to Cells:
- Basic unit of life.
- All organisms are made up of cells (Cell Theory).

2. Types of Cells:
- Prokaryotic Cells: No nucleus, simpler structure (e.g., bacteria).
- Eukaryotic Cells: Nucleus present, complex (e.g., animal, plant, fungi cells).

3. Key Organelles in Eukaryotic Cells:


- Nucleus: Contains genetic material (DNA).
- Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, energy production.
- Ribosomes: Protein synthesis.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Rough (with ribosomes) and smooth (lipid
synthesis).
- Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.
- Lysosomes: Digests cellular waste.

4. Plant Cell-Specific Organelles:


- Chloroplasts: Site of photosynthesis.
- Central Vacuole: Maintains cell structure and stores nutrients/waste.
- Cell Wall: Provides support and protection.

5. Cell Membrane:
- Semi-permeable, regulates what enters and exits the cell.
- Composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded.

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