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Overview of Sampling Techniques

The document outlines various sampling techniques used in statistics, including simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling. Each method is defined, highlighting its unique approach to selecting samples from a population, such as ensuring equal probability, using ordered lists, dividing populations into strata, or grouping natural clusters. These techniques aim to provide unbiased and representative samples for research purposes.

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8 views4 pages

Overview of Sampling Techniques

The document outlines various sampling techniques used in statistics, including simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling. Each method is defined, highlighting its unique approach to selecting samples from a population, such as ensuring equal probability, using ordered lists, dividing populations into strata, or grouping natural clusters. These techniques aim to provide unbiased and representative samples for research purposes.

Uploaded by

michaelmangubat
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sampling Techniques

DEFINITION OF 'SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLE'


A subset of a statistical population in which each member
of the subset has an equal probability of being chosen. A
simple random sample is meant to be an unbiased
representation of a group. An example of a simple random
sample would be a group of 25 employees chosen out of a
hat from a company of 250 employees. In this case, the
population is all 250 employees, and the sample is
random because each employee has an equal chance of
being chosen.

Systematic
Systematic sampling relies on arranging the study
population according to some ordering scheme and then
selecting elements at regular intervals through that
ordered list. Systematic sampling involves a random start
and then proceeds with the selection of every kth element
from then onwards. In this case, k=(population
size/sample size). It is important that the starting point is
not automatically the first in the list, but is instead
randomly chosen from within the first to the kth element in
the list.
DEFINITION OF 'STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING'
A method of sampling that involves the division of a
population into smaller groups known as strata. In
stratified random sampling, the strata are formed based
on members' shared attributes or characteristics. A
random sample from each stratum is taken in a number
proportional to the stratum's size when compared to the
population. These subsets of the strata are then pooled to
form a random sample.
Cluster
Cluster sampling is a sampling technique used when
"natural" but relatively homogeneous groupings are
evident in a statistical population. It is often used
in marketing research. In this technique, the total
population is divided into these groups (or clusters) and
a simple random sample of the groups is selected. Then
the required information is collected from a simple random
sample of the elements within each selected group. This
may be done for every element in these groups or a
subsample of elements may be selected within each of
these groups. A common motivation for cluster sampling is
to reduce the total number of interviews and costs given
the desired accuracy. Assuming a fixed sample size, the
technique gives more accurate results when most of the
variation in the population is within the groups, not
between them.

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