Functions
Session learning outcomes:
● Describe elements of a function
● Build a function to serve an objective
add all and divide by 3
(2(1 2 , 3) =
mean ,
↑
argument
Swirl ( 3
↑
* argument
Functions
does that behind the screen
● Are embedded codes
● Can be pre-written (in base or other R packages) or
created
● Consists of:
○ Name of function
○ Arguments
Function definition
● Create:
> Square_it ← function (input_variable1) {
result ← input_variable1^2
return (result) # can omit
● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )
Function definition
Argument
● Create:
> Square_it ← function (input_variable1) {
Name result ← input_variable1^2
return (result) # can omit
● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )
Function definition
Argument
● Create:
> Square_it ← function (x) {
Name result ← x^2
return (result) # can omit
● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )
Function definition
Argument
● Create:
> Square_it ← function (x) {
Name y ← x^2
return (y) # can omit
● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )
Function definition
Argument
● Create:
> papaya ← function (banana) {
Name y ← banana^2
return (y) # can omit
● Use: > papaya ( 10 )
example :
my-area < function (length width)
,
result e=
length * width
return (result)
Can we have more than one argument?
Can we have more than one argument?
> multiple_them ← function (p, q, r, s) {
answer ← p * q * r * s
return (answer)
> multiple_them (1, 56, 89, 2345)
Can we set default values for arguments?
Can we set default values for arguments?
> multiple_them ← function (p = 1, q = 2, r = 3 , s = 4) {
answer ← p * q * r * s
return (answer)
assigned
relea }
> multiple_them (1, 56, 89, 2345) ->
11687480
> multiple_them ( ) -> /x 2x3 + 4
=
24
values above them (1 , 56, 89)
if : assigned , multiple -
-> 1x5678944 :
19936
if : no assigned values ,
multiple-them() -> error
Call by value vs Call by reference
> add_one ← function (x) {
x ← x+1
print (paste (“x value in function is”, x))
return (x)
>x←2
> add_one (x)
> print (paste (“x value outside function is”, x))
⑲ -
value")
Call by value vs Call by reference
> add_one ← function (x) {
x[1] ← x[1] + 1
print (paste (“x value in function is”, x))
return (x)
>x←2
> add_one (x)
> print (paste (“x value outside function is”, x))
⑪
Let’s practice! In groups of three:
& Pseudocode :
create interactive
#
session
# Prompt user for
integer input between O to 9 ⑪
#Convert to colour
using if else statement ②
# Return Cobour ⑬
Session I = function (([
"Enter ")
- readline
* (prompt =
integer between 0 to 9
x = -
as. numeric (A)
if (X
-
0)[ ② or : Colours - c ("black" "brown"
,
,
"
red"
,
Colour e- "black
& else if (X==11[ "Orange" "yellow" "green"
,
,
,
Colour e- "brown" "blue" "Molet"
, "gray" ,
& else if (x = =
2)[
"White")
slour" red"
3 else if (x = =
3) [ Colours -Colours [x+17
Glou e- "orange" *
& else if (X =
=
4) [ [ 8
* -
Cobur =- "yellow" Colour-colours [x+1)
& else if (X =
=
5) [
Gobur=-"green" color="gray"
3 else if (X =
=
61[
cobur- "blue"
& else if (X = = 7= E
other method :
Cobur - "violet"
& else if (X =
=
8) [ or : use a lookup table
Cobur -
"gray"
numbers <- 0 9
&
:
else if (X =
=
9) [
names (numbers) < C(
-
"black",
cobur=- "white"
...
3
cat ("The colour selected is "colour)
3
Test 2 2020 (Past Years Question(
sesion 1 < function ( ([
#Prompt user for
input
WI-readline (prompt =
"Enter width in m")
I -readline (prompt ="Enter length in m")
#convert
string input to numeric value
w= -
as numeric (w)
-> al
1 < =
as numeric (1) 0 2
. 1 i2 3
,
.
, ,
calculate area
Integer 1, 2 , 3 ,
4 , I
area E-W # 1
asses
#
are q
if(area = 5 & area =7) <
cat C"Section area is", area)
if ( 3
- * IX
3 else[ . . .
Session I
Belsed
3
.
Y Y Y_Y
I
. .
. . . .
3
2
Area =
Mr
Area < function ()[
prompt
& etradline (h"enter radius of arch")
re- as numeric Cr)
ae- bit Un 2
if (a > 10 & 9220) [
"
cat C"area is
,
9)
3 else if (a) 30) [
cat( "now" , 9)
3 else if (a < 100) [
cat C"woh" 9)
,
3
Functions
Session learning outcomes:
● Describe elements of a function
● Build a function to serve an objective
Integer -> 1 2 3 4 5
, , , ,
** K
numeric -> 1 ,
2 1 3 1 , 4 5 2
,
, .
,
,
