Numerical Methods

∆𝑓(𝑥)
1. Show that ∆𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 1 +
𝑓(𝑥)

2. Evaluate ∆2 (2𝑥 + 1), taking 𝑕 = 1.

3. Evaluate 𝑓(1) if 𝑓 0 = 2, 𝑓 2 = 6, 𝑓 4 = 10, 𝑓 6 = 15 .

4. Find the value of 3 , if it is given that

2.1 = 1.45, 2.3 = 1.52, 2.5 = 1.58, 2.7 = 1.64, 2.9 = 1.7, 3.1 = 1.76.

5. Find 𝑓(4) , using appropriate method, if 𝑓 −1 = −8, 𝑓 0 = 3, 𝑓 2 = 1, 𝑓 3 = 2.

6. Use divided difference to compute 𝑓(27), if

𝑓 14 = 68.7, 𝑓 17 = 64, 𝑓 31 = 44, 𝑓 35 = 39.1
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7. Integrate numerically 0
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 by Simpson’s 1/3rd rule with 4 sub-intervals.

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8. Integrate numerically 0
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 by Trapezoidal rule with 3 sub-intervals.

6 𝑑𝑥
9. Evaluate 0 1+𝑥 2
, taking 3 ordinates.

0.5 𝑥𝑑𝑥
10. Compute 0 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝑥
taking 𝑕 = 0.25, using Simpson’s 1/3rd rule.

𝜋 1 𝑑𝑥
11. Compute the value of ‘𝜋’ from the relation = 0 1+𝑥 2
, taking 9 equal sub-intervals.
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8 𝑑𝑥
12. Evaluate 0 1+𝑥
by (i) Trapezoidal rule and (ii) Simpson’s 1/3rd rule, taking 8 equal sub-
intervals.

13. Solve 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 9.8 ; 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5.5 by Gauss elimination method.

14. Solve 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 5 ; 7𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −3 by Gauss -seidel method.

15. Solve 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 20.91 ; 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 6.94 by matrix inversion method.

16. Solve 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 9 ; 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 13 ; 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 40 by Gauss elimination

method.

17. Solve 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 = 2 ; 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 5𝑧 = −3 ; 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 6 by LU factorization

method.

18. Solve −2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 10𝑧 = 22 ; 10𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 9 ; 2𝑥 + 20𝑦 − 2𝑧 = −44 by Gauss-

seidel method.

19. Evaluate 12 to three places of decimal by Newton-Raphson’s method

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20. Find the positive root of 𝑥 2 − sin 𝑥 = 0 correct upto three significant digits by the
method of bisection.

21. Find the root of 𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 + 1 = 0 in [2,3] by Newton-Raphson’s method.

22. Find the positive root of 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 1 = 0 by Bisection method.

23. Use Regular Falsi method to evaluate the smallest real root of the equation 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 = cos 𝑥.
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24. Find the value of 125 by the Newton-Raphson’s method, upto three decimal places.

25. Find the value of 𝑦(0.1) by Euler’s method, from the IVP
𝑑𝑦 𝑦−𝑥
= 𝑥+𝑦 , 𝑦 0 = 1 , taking 𝑕 = 0.02.
𝑑𝑥

26. Find the value of 𝑦(1.1) by Euler’s Modified method, from the IVP
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 1
+ 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 1 = 1 , taking 𝑕 = 0.1.
𝑑𝑥

27. Find the value of 𝑦(1.1) by R-K method, from the IVP
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑦(𝑥 + 𝑦), 𝑦 1 = 1 , taking 𝑕 = 0.1.
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
28. Find the solution of the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 , 𝑦 0 = 1 for 𝑥 = 0.3 taking
h=0.1, using Euler’s method. Compare the result with the exact solution.

29. Find the value of 𝑦(0.4) using Runge-Kutta method of forth order with 𝑕 = 0.2, given
𝑑𝑦
that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 , 𝑦 0 = 0.8 , correct up-to 2-decimal places.

30. Find the value of 𝑦(0.6) using Euler’s modified method with 𝑕 = 0.2, given that
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 + 𝑦 , 𝑦 0 = 1 , correct up-to 2-decimal places.
𝑑𝑥
31. Evaluate the missing term from the following table.

X 0 1 2 3 4 5
F(x) 0 --- 8 15 ---- 35

32. The following table gives the normal weights of babies during the first eight months of
life.

Age (in months) 0 2 5 8

Weight (in 6 10 12 16
pound)
Estimate the weight of the baby at the age of seven months.

33. Find f(7) from the following data.

X 2 4 6 8
F(x) 15 28 56 89

34. Show that ∆ − ∇ 𝑓 𝑥 = ∆∇𝑓 𝑥 .

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35. Show that ∆𝑓 𝑥 = 𝐸∇𝑓 𝑥 .
36. (a) Find the polynomial from the following data and hence find 𝑓(0) by using Newton’s
Divided Difference Formula.
X -1 1 2 3
F(x) 21 15 12 3

(b) The values of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 are given below, for different values of x. Find 𝑠𝑖𝑛320 from this
table.
X 300 350 400 450 500 550
F(x) 0.5 0.5736 0.6428 0.7071 0.7660 0.8192

𝑛−1
(c) Prove that 𝑘=0
∆2 fk = ∆fn − ∆f0
37. (a) Compute 𝑓(0) from the following data by using Lagrange’s Interpolation Formula.
X -1 -2 2 4
F(x) -1 -9 11 69

(b) Given some values of the function f(x)=1/x. Find 1/2.72 from f(2.7)=0.3704,
f(2.8)=0.3571, f(2.9)=0.3448.
6 𝑑𝑥
38. Evaluate 0 (1+𝑥)2 , by simpson’s 1/3rd rule taking n=6.

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39. Evaluate 0
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 by taking n=5.

1 𝑑𝑥
40. (a) Evaluate 0 1+𝑥 2
, by simpson’s 1/3rd rule and Trapezoidal rule and then compare the
result.
(b) A river is 70 m wide. The depth y of the river at a distance x from one bank is given
by the following table:
X 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Y 0 4 7 9 12 8 5 2
Find the approximate area of cross-section of the river using numerical integration. Explain
the reason behind your choice of the integration formula used.

41. (a) Derive the error term of trapezoidal rule

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(b) Find the value of 1 log10 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 taking eight equal sub-intervals correct upto 4-decimal
place by (i) Simpson 1/3 rule and by (ii) Trapezoidal rule

42. Find a root of 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 − 9 = 0 by Regula-Falsi method, correct upto three

significant figure.

43. Find a root of 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 − 6 = 0 by Newton-Raphson method, correct upto three

significant figure.

44. (a) Using the method of Bisection compute a root of 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 − 5 = 0 correct up to four
significant figure.

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 (b) Give Geometrical interpretation of Newton-Raphson method and Regula Falsi
method.

45. (a) Find the positive real root of 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 1 = 0 using the Bisection method after 4
iterations.
(b) Using Neton-Raphson method compute a root of 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 − 1 = 0 correct up to four
significant figure.
c) Find the positive real root of 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 − 0.1 = 0 using Regula Falsi method.
𝑑𝑦
46. (a) Compute 𝑦(0.1), 𝑦(0.2), 𝑦(0.3) from the equation − 1 = 𝑦 2 , 𝑦 0 = 0 taking
𝑑𝑥
𝑕 = 0.1 by Euler’s method.

(b) Using Taylor’s series method compute 𝑦(0.3) correct up to five decimal places from
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 𝑦 − 2 given 𝑦 0 = 3
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
c) Compute 𝑦 1.1 , by Runge- Kutta method of 4th order from the equation = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2,
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 0 =1

47. a) Using finite difference method, solve the following boundary value problem:

𝑑2 𝑦
+ 𝑦 + 1 = 0 with 𝑦 0 = 0, 𝑦 1 = 0.
𝑑𝑥2
𝑑𝑦
(b) Compute 𝑦(0.4), from the equation = 1 + 𝑥𝑦 , 𝑦 0 = 2, 𝑦 0.1 = 2.1103,
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 0.2 = 2.2430 , 𝑦 0.3 = 2.4011 by Milne’s method.