The unemployed are people of working age who are without work, are available for work,

and have taken specific steps to find work. (OECD Data, 2023). Unemployment is a key
economic indicator because it signals the ability (or inability) of workers to obtain gainful work and
contribute to the productive output of the economy. More unemployed workers mean less total
economic production (Adam Hayes, 2023). Unemployment can be individuals who does not have any
job mainly because either seeking for a job, unable to find a job, unable to be accepted for a job, or
does not really want to have a job. Unemployment is measured by unemployment rate and by this,
one can determine how many people in a locality or country does not have a job. Unemployment is
one and the most common problem in a locality or country. Unemployment greatly affects the growth
rate of an economy because the higher the unemployment rate is, the higher the poverty rate is, the
lower the growth rate of an economy is.

Unemployment do not only affect the economy but also affect themselves and their family. A
person cannot satisfy its needs and wants if does not have any source of income that is why having a job
is very important. In a family, if not even one if its members do not have a job then they would be able to
survive and would just rely on others or the government to survive. One of the reasons for high poverty
rates is because many people only rely on the government assistance in order to have a food on their
plate and does not consider applying for a job or do anything to have an income and if the people keep
relying on the government, then poverty rates while only rise until the economy has its downfall. The
people cannot keep relying on the government to attend everyone’s needs all the time, their resources
are limited and also need the help of its people to get resources and that is through the taxes being paid
by the businesses and employed individuals.

High unemployment rates of an economy can be the cause of its downfall that is why the
government is doing it’s best to provide job opportunities for those unemployed individuals but
sometimes is not enough or laziness gets in the way. Employers or companies cannot force an
unemployed individual to work for them if they don’t want to, and unemployed individuals cannot force
employers to hire them. Some of the reasons why an economy has high unemployment rates is
sometimes because of overpopulation, poor education, lacks of job opportunities, job outsourcing,
mental health issues, lack of skills for a job, and laziness.

Hayes, A. (2023, August 9). What is unemployment? Understanding causes, types, measurement.

Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/unemployment.asp

https://data.oecd.org/unemp/unemployment-rate.htm
Insufficient Vocational & Training Facilities. One of the ways where undergraduates can find a suitable
job and have the necessary skills to be accepted for a job is through vocational and training facilities
provided by the government to help those individuals that did not have the chance to go to college. But
if those training facilities where not accessible in some parts of the country, then not all may be able to
have a chance to have a proper training and may result again to unemployment or job hunting where the
companies or the employers does not require any diploma or college degree. According to SciSpace
(2023), without adequate training facilities, students may not have the opportunity to develop the
necessary skills and competencies required by employers in the industry. This skills gap between what
students learn in their academic programs and what employers expect can make it difficult for graduates
to find employment. Relating to this, not having sufficient training facilities in the country may result to
trainees not having able to learn and enhance their skills because they were not given an opportunity to
have a proper training that the employers seek. It will be hard for those individuals to find job because
they do not have the necessary skills that the companies are looking for, that they should have learned in
a training facility but did not because there is not enough training facility for them to apply to.

Educational Attainment. According to Anne Therese Connolly (2013), in the today’s economy, the
marketplace is so competitive that even low skill jobs require an educated work force at all levels.
Education can be the cure to the increasing unemployment in the Philippines. The higher level of
education one achieves, the lower one’s risk for unemployment is, and the higher level of income one is
likely to command. Another primary reason why education is important is because it has become a basic
prerequisite for numerous employers. Many employers oblige college level education, even for roles
which beforehand is not necessary. In regards to this, the high education attainment is really needed or
necessary for an individual to be hired. Most of the employers seek employees who has higher
educational attainment and the higher the educational attainment and skills is, the more available job
opportunities there is for them to choose from, without them worrying not to be hired.

Based on JJ Rutkowski’s (2015) study, the problem of low educational attainment is particularly
pronounced among youth from poor families, most of whom live in rural areas. In the bottom income
quintile, 60 percent of young workers lack full secondary education, and 40 percent in the second
quintile. These high percentages are very relevant from a poverty perspective because workers with less
than secondary education face substantially worse labor market prospects than those who completed
high school. In connection with this, the individuals who are mostly affected by this problem are those
who do not have the ability to go to college and have a proper degree to finally be able to find a job that
pays high salary and requires a college degree to be hired.

Based on the study of Butiong, E. J et al. (2023), the unemployment rate is not only caused by
the number of individuals who reached secondary education; not all of the students who reached
secondary education graduated or had a chance to enter college. Today's economy is so competitive that
it requires an educated workforce, even for low-skill jobs. It is believed that a person's chance of
unemployment decreases with increasing educational attainment. It means that most of the job seekers
are only high school graduate and some of them did not able to finish high school, so looking for a job is
hard for them because many companies nowadays seek employees who have a college degree or a
senior high school graduate. A high school graduate may find it hard to look for a job that does not
require a college degree, so much more for those who did not even finish high school or did not even
reach high school.

Anne Therese M Connolly Academia, 2013

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/35339199/Connolly__Anne_Therese_M-libre.pdf?
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JJ Rutkowski - 2015 - researchgate.net
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan-Rutkowski/publication/304306277_Employment_and_Povert
y_in_the_Philippines/links/576bb62c08aefcf135bf6bb8/Employment-and-Poverty-in-the-Philippines.pdf

Butiong, E. J., Gocalin, N., Garcia-Vigonte, F., & Abante, M. V. (2023). A Study on the

Inflation and Unemployment of the Philippines through the Years. Social Science

Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4368961