shade

rotation of cane sugar solution by half

specific
Obiect: To determine the
Polarimeter. polarimeter tube, sodium lamp, graduated
Apparatus used: Half
shade polarimeter,
sugar, weight box, be determine
cylinder, beaker, canespecific rotation of cane sugar dissolved in water can
Formula used: The
formula,
by the following =0/1.c =0.V/1.m
S degree
Where 0 -rotation produced in
polarimeter tube indecimeter
I =length of the
gms.
m =mass of sugar in
V= volume of water
monochromatic
Procedure:
polarimeter is employing a half shade device. a
If the light can
()
source should be used and ifbiquartz device is used then white
be used.
polarimeter tube and clean well both of the sides such that it is
(i) Take the pure water and see that no air
free from dust. Now fill the tube with
in its position inside the
bubble is enclose in it. Place the tube
polarimeter. the eyepiece. Two halves
(ii) Switch on the source of light and look through clock wise
Rotate the analyzer in
of unequal intensity are appeared.field appear equally bright. Take the
direction until two halves of the and find out the total
scale
reading of main scale as well as vernier
wise direction until two
reading and also rotate the analyzer in anti ciock T a n scaie
aKe nereng
ilai ves Ui uIE Ieidappear equaiiY DTigT.
reading.
as well as vernier scale and find out the totai
(iv) Prepare a sugar soiution oí known strengtn.
lll II WItN the prepared
(V) Iake the poiar1meter and remove the pure water.
sugar solution and again place it inthe polarimctet. appear
(vi) Rotate the analyzer in clock wise direction two halves of the field
scale
equally bright. Take the reading of main scale as well as vernier clock
and find out the total reading and also rotate the analyzer in anti
wise direction until two halves of the field appear equally bright. Take
the total
the reading of main scale as well as vernier scale and find out
reading. concentrations.
(vi) Repeat the experiment with sugar solution of different
(viii) Measure the length of the tube in centimeters and change it in
decimeters.
Observations:
(A)Table for the specific rotation :
Mass of the batch glass =...gm.
Mass of watch glass + sugar =...gm.
Mass of sugar taken m =...gm
Volume of water V=....c.c.
Concentration of the solution m/v =.....gm/c.c.
 (B)Length of the polarimeter tube | =,... Decimeter
(C) Table for the specific rotation:
Value of one division of main scale =
No. of division of vernier scale =
Least count of vernier

Table for water :

Analyzer reading with pure water

Clock wise direction Anti clock wise direction
M.S. V.S. M.S. V.S.
Mean A=X+Y/2
Total X Total Y
reading reading reading reading
1.

Table for sugar solution :

D/2
B=C+
Analyzer reading with sugar solution 0-A~B
Concentration of Clock wise direction Anticlock wise direction
sugar solution Mean
gm. / c.c. M.S. V.S. Total M.S. V.S. Total
reading reading C reading reading D
i..(mV)
(mV\

L...(m/V)
Calculation :The specific rotation of cane sugar solution is
S=0.V/l. m
=..... 1 dm / kg / m'.
Result : The specific rotation of cane sugar at a temperature ... C and 2
Percentage error: .....% ......¢ =,......
Precautions :
() The poiarimeter tube shouid be weii cieaned.
(i) Water used should be dust free.
(ii) There should be noair bubble inside the tube.
(iv) The position of analyzer should be set accurately.