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Introduction

D-block elements, located in Groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table, are characterized by the last electron entering the d-orbital and include four transition series. F-block elements, found at the bottom of the periodic table, have their last electron entering the f-orbital and are classified into two series: lanthanides and actinides. Both groups are essential for understanding the properties and behaviors of various metallic elements.

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66 views1 page

Introduction

D-block elements, located in Groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table, are characterized by the last electron entering the d-orbital and include four transition series. F-block elements, found at the bottom of the periodic table, have their last electron entering the f-orbital and are classified into two series: lanthanides and actinides. Both groups are essential for understanding the properties and behaviors of various metallic elements.

Uploaded by

Ansh Class 9th i
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction1

What are d and f block elements?

The elements present in the middle of the periodic table from Group 3 to 12 are called d-block elements. The
name d- blocks because the last electron enters into the d-orbital of the penultimate shell.

These are often called transition elements because their characters lie between highly reactive
metallic elements of s-block and nonmetallic elements of p-block elements. There are four series in
the d block corresponding to the filling up of 3d, 4d, 5d or 6d orbital.

 First transition series or 3d series ( Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn)
 Second transition series or 4d series (Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd)
 Third transition series or 5d series (La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg)
 Fourth transition series or 6d series- incomplete

On the other hand,

f block elements are found outside at the bottom of the periodic table. The name f- blocks because
the last electron enters into the f-orbital of the anti-penultimate shell.

These are also called inner transition elements. There are 2 series in the f block, corresponding to
the filling up of 4f and 5f orbital.

 Lanthanide series or 4f series (Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm , Yb)
 Actinide series of 5f series ( Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, Mo)

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