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Blockchain for 5G Vehicle Networks

The document provides a Java implementation of a blockchain system designed for 5G vehicular networks, including classes for blocks, cars, and roadside units (RSUs). It demonstrates how blocks are created with data, previous hashes, and truth values, as well as how vehicles communicate incident information through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-roadside unit (V2R) communication. The implementation showcases the interaction between vehicles and RSUs in response to events such as accidents or traffic jams.

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priyacs104
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10 views19 pages

Blockchain for 5G Vehicle Networks

The document provides a Java implementation of a blockchain system designed for 5G vehicular networks, including classes for blocks, cars, and roadside units (RSUs). It demonstrates how blocks are created with data, previous hashes, and truth values, as well as how vehicles communicate incident information through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-roadside unit (V2R) communication. The implementation showcases the interaction between vehicles and RSUs in response to events such as accidents or traffic jams.

Uploaded by

priyacs104
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Blockchain Implementation in 5G Vehicular Networks

Blockchain implementation.java
// Basic Implementation of Blockchain in Java
// Imported date class so as to get timeStamp
import java.util.Date;
// This is to use SHA-256 algorithm
import java.security.MessageDigest;

// Making our Block


class Block
{

// This is the data of our block


private String data;
// This is hash of previous block
public String previousHash;
// This is hash of current block
public String hash;
// This indicates when a block last updated
private long timeStamp;

// Initializing all our members of Block


public Block(String data, String previousHash)
{
this.data = data;
this.previousHash = previousHash;
this.timeStamp = new Date().getTime();
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the members present
in that block
this.hash = current_block_hash_calculate();
}

// Calculatuing hash of current block


public String current_block_hash_calculate()
{
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the members present in that
block
String current_hash = Sha_256(previousHash + Long.toString(timeStamp) + data);
return current_hash;
}

//Applying Sha256 algorithm to input string and getting the hash of that block
public static String Sha_256(String input)
{
// Wraping it inside try-catch as it is comes under checked exception
try
{
// Taking the Instance of SHA-256
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");

// Get our input in bytes


byte[] hash_in_bytes = md.digest(input.getBytes("UTF-8"));

// Representing our hash in hexidecimal


StringBuilder hash_in_hex = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < hash_in_bytes.length; i++)


{
// This make sure our input is in Hex form only
String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff & hash_in_bytes[i]);
hash_in_hex.append(hex);
}

return hash_in_hex.toString();
}

// catch block
catch(Exception e)
{
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}

// Driver class
public class Main {

// Driver method
public static void main(String[] args) {

// Making our 1st block


// Since it is our first block so its previous hash should be 0
Block GenesisBlock = new Block("This is our Genesis Block", "0");
System.out.println("Genesis Block Hash is : " + GenesisBlock.hash);
System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Genesis Block is : " +null);

System.out.println();

// Making our 2nd block


// Since it is our 2nd block so its previous hash should be hash of genesis block (Block 1)
Block Block_2 = new Block("This is the 2nd Block",GenesisBlock.hash);
System.out.println("Block 2 Hash is : " + Block_2.hash);
System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 2 (i,e Block 1) is : "
+GenesisBlock.hash);

System.out.println();

// Making our 3rd block


// Since it is our 3rd block so its previous hash should be hash of Block 2
Block Block_3 = new Block("This is the 3rd Block",Block_2.hash);
System.out.println("Block 3 Hash is : " + Block_3.hash);
System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 3 (i,e Block 2) is : "
+Block_2.hash);

}
}

Final_code.java

// Blockchain Implementation in Vehicular Networks

// Imported date class so as to get timeStamp


import java.util.Date;

// Imported to make use of random numbers


import java.util.*;

// This is to use SHA-256 algorithm


import java.security.MessageDigest;

// Making our Block


class Block
{

// This is the data of our block


private String data;
// This is hash of previous block
public String previousHash;
// This is hash of current block
public String hash;
// This indicates when a block last updated
private long timeStamp;

private double trueness;

// Initializing all our members of Block


public Block(String data, String previousHash, double trueness)
{
this.data = data;
this.previousHash = previousHash;
this.timeStamp = new Date().getTime();
this.trueness=trueness;
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the members present
in that block
this.hash = current_block_hash_calculate();
}

public double getTruthValue()


{
return trueness;
}

public void setTruthValue(double val)


{
trueness=(trueness+val)/2;
}

// Calculatuing hash of current block


public String current_block_hash_calculate()
{
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the members present in that
block
String current_hash = Sha_256(previousHash + Long.toString(timeStamp) + data);
return current_hash;
}

//Applying Sha256 algorithm to input string and getting the hash of that block
public static String Sha_256(String input)
{
// Wraping it inside try-catch as it is comes under checked exception
try
{
// Taking the Instance of SHA-256
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");

// Get our input in bytes


byte[] hash_in_bytes = md.digest(input.getBytes("UTF-8"));
// Representing our hash in hexidecimal
StringBuilder hash_in_hex = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < hash_in_bytes.length; i++)


{
// This make sure our input is in Hex form only
String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff & hash_in_bytes[i]);
hash_in_hex.append(hex);
}

return hash_in_hex.toString();
}

// catch block
catch(Exception e)
{
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}

// Making our class


class Car
{
private int Xcoordinate;
private int Ycoordinate;

Car(int x, int y)
{
Xcoordinate=x;
Ycoordinate=y;
}

public int getXcoordinate()


{
return Xcoordinate;
}

public int getYcoordinate()


{
return Ycoordinate;
}

public void setXcoordinate(int x)


{
Xcoordinate=x;
}

public void setYcoordinate(int y)


{
Ycoordinate=y;
}

class RSU
{
private int Xcoordinate;
private int Ycoordinate;
private String message;
RSU(int x, int y, String msg)
{
Xcoordinate=x;
Ycoordinate=y;
message=msg;
}

public int getXcoordinate()


{
return Xcoordinate;
}

public int getYcoordinate()


{
return Ycoordinate;
}

// Driver class
public class Main {

// Driver method
public static void main(String[] args) {

Random rdm = new Random();

double val=Math.random();
int xcord=rdm.nextInt(101)+200;
int ycord=rdm.nextInt(101)+200;

double tv1=Math.random();
double tv2=Math.random();
double tv3=Math.random();

String message;

// Making our 1st block


// Since it is our first block so its previous hash should be 0
Block GenesisBlock = new Block("This is our Genesis Block", "0",tv1);
//System.out.println("Genesis Block Hash is : " + GenesisBlock.hash);
//System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Genesis Block is : " +null);

//System.out.println();

// Making our 2nd block


// Since it is our 2nd block so its previous hash should be hash of genesis block (Block 1)
Block Block_2 = new Block("This is the 2nd Block",GenesisBlock.hash,tv2);
//System.out.println("Block 2 Hash is : " + Block_2.hash);
//System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 2 (i,e Block 1) is : "
+GenesisBlock.hash);

//System.out.println();

// Making our 3rd block


// Since it is our 3rd block so its previous hash should be hash of Block 2
Block Block_3 = new Block("This is the 3rd Block",Block_2.hash,tv3);
//System.out.println("Block 3 Hash is : " + Block_3.hash);
//System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 3 (i,e Block 2) is : "
+Block_2.hash);

Car c1=new Car(xcord,ycord);


Car c2=new Car(xcord-50,ycord);
Car c3=new Car(xcord-110,ycord);

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------Initial Coordinates of
Cars-------------------------");
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Initial Coordinates of Car 1 are ("+c1.getXcoordinate()


+","+c2.getYcoordinate()+")");
System.out.println("Initial Coordinates of Car 2 are ("+c2.getXcoordinate()
+","+c2.getYcoordinate()+")");
System.out.println("Initial Coordinates of Car 3 are ("+c3.getXcoordinate()
+","+c3.getYcoordinate()+")");

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------HAPPENING OF
EVENT----------------------------------");
System.out.println();
System.out.print("EVENT HAPPENED IS: ");

if(GenesisBlock.getTruthValue()>=0.5 && val>=0.5)


{
message="Accident happened at coordinate ("+xcord+","+ycord+") of Car 1";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(1);
}
else if(GenesisBlock.getTruthValue()<0.5 && val>=0.5)
{
message="False Accident message send by Car 1";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(-1);
return;
}

else if(GenesisBlock.getTruthValue()>=0.5 && val<0.5)


{
message="Traffic Jam happened at coordinate ("+xcord+","+ycord+") of Car 1 ";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(1);
}

else
{
message="False Traffic Jam message send by Car 1";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(-1);
return;
}

System.out.println();

RSU rsu=new RSU(xcord,ycord+50, message);

Car[]arrayofcar=new Car[4];
arrayofcar[1]=c1;
arrayofcar[2]=c2;
arrayofcar[3]=c3;

boolean visited[]=new boolean[4];


visited[1]=true;

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------HAPPENING OF V2V
Communication----------------------");
System.out.println();

V2Vcommunication(arrayofcar, visited, 1);

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------HAPPENING OF V2R
Communication----------------------");
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Coordinates of RSU are ("+rsu.getXcoordinate()


+","+rsu.getYcoordinate()+")");
V2Rcommunication(arrayofcar,visited, rsu);

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------Final Coordinates of
Cars---------------------------");
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Final Coordinates of Car 1 are ("+c1.getXcoordinate()


+","+c1.getYcoordinate()+") ###### UNCHANGED");
System.out.println("Final Coordinates of Car 2 are ("+c2.getXcoordinate()
+","+c2.getYcoordinate()+") ###### CHANGED");
System.out.println("Final Coordinates of Car 3 are ("+c3.getXcoordinate()
+","+c3.getYcoordinate()+") ###### CHANGED");

public static void V2Vcommunication(Car[]arrayofcar, boolean[]visited, int carnumber)


{

if(carnumber==3)
return;

int q=carnumber;
for(;q<arrayofcar.length-1;q++)
{
int val1=Math.abs(arrayofcar[q].getXcoordinate()-
arrayofcar[q+1].getXcoordinate());
int val2=Math.abs(arrayofcar[q].getYcoordinate()-
arrayofcar[q+1].getYcoordinate());

double reach=Math.sqrt((val1*val1)+(val2*val2));

if(visited[q+1]==false)
{

if(reach<=50)
{
visited[q+1]=true;
System.out.println("Incident information passed from Car "+q+" to Car "+(q+1));

int xcord=arrayofcar[q+1].getXcoordinate();
int ycord=arrayofcar[q+1].getYcoordinate();
V2Vcommunication(arrayofcar, visited, carnumber+1);

System.out.println("Car "+(q+1)+" moves to Right from coordinate


("+xcord+","+ycord+") to coordinate ("+(xcord+25)+","+(ycord-25)+")");
arrayofcar[q+1].setXcoordinate(xcord+25);
arrayofcar[q+1].setYcoordinate(ycord-25);

break;
}

else
{
System.out.println("Incident information cannot be passed from Car "+q+ " to Car
"+(q+1)+" because Car "+(q+1)+" is not in a range of Car "+q);
System.out.println("No other Car is in reach of Car "+q);
return;
}

}
}

System.out.println("No other Car is in reach of Car "+(q+2));

public static void V2Rcommunication(Car[]arrayofcar, boolean[]visited, RSU rsu)


{
System.out.println("Incident information passed from Car 1 to RSU ");
for(int q=2;q<arrayofcar.length;q++)
{
int val1=Math.abs(rsu.getXcoordinate()-arrayofcar[q].getXcoordinate());
int val2=Math.abs(rsu.getYcoordinate()-arrayofcar[q].getYcoordinate());

double reach=Math.sqrt((val1*val1)+(val2*val2));

if(reach<=150)
{
if(visited[q]==true)
System.out.println("Car "+q+" is in reach of RSU but it already gets V2V
communication from Car 1");

else
{
System.out.println("Incident information passed from RSU to Car "+q);
int xcord=arrayofcar[q].getXcoordinate();
int ycord=arrayofcar[q].getYcoordinate();

System.out.println("Car "+q+" moves to Left from coordinate


("+xcord+","+ycord+") to coordinate ("+(xcord+25)+","+(ycord+25)+")");
arrayofcar[q].setXcoordinate(xcord+25);
arrayofcar[q].setYcoordinate(ycord+25);

else
System.out.println("Incident information cannot be passed from RSU to Car "+q+"
because Car "+q+" is not in a range of RSU");

}
System.out.println("No other Car is in reach of RSU");
}
}

// Basic Implementation of Blockchain in Java

// Imported date class so as to get timeStamp


import java.util.Date;
// This is to use SHA-256 algorithm
import java.security.MessageDigest;

// Making our Block


class Block
{

// This is the data of our block


private String data;
// This is hash of previous block
public String previousHash;
// This is hash of current block
public String hash;
// This indicates when a block last updated
private long timeStamp;

// Initializing all our members of Block


public Block(String data, String previousHash)
{
this.data = data;
this.previousHash = previousHash;
this.timeStamp = new Date().getTime();
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all
the members present in that block
this.hash = current_block_hash_calculate();
}

// Calculatuing hash of current block


public String current_block_hash_calculate()
{
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the
members present in that block
String current_hash = Sha_256(previousHash +
Long.toString(timeStamp) + data);
return current_hash;
}

//Applying Sha256 algorithm to input string and getting the hash of


that block
public static String Sha_256(String input)
{
// Wraping it inside try-catch as it is comes under checked
exception
try
{
// Taking the Instance of SHA-256
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");

// Get our input in bytes


byte[] hash_in_bytes = md.digest(input.getBytes("UTF-8"));

// Representing our hash in hexidecimal


StringBuilder hash_in_hex = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < hash_in_bytes.length; i++)


{
// This make sure our input is in Hex form only
String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff &
hash_in_bytes[i]);
hash_in_hex.append(hex);
}

return hash_in_hex.toString();
}

// catch block
catch(Exception e)
{
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
// Driver class
public class Main {

// Driver method
public static void main(String[] args) {

// Making our 1st block


// Since it is our first block so its previous hash should be 0
Block GenesisBlock = new Block("This is our Genesis Block", "0");
System.out.println("Genesis Block Hash is : " +
GenesisBlock.hash);
System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Genesis Block is :
" +null);

System.out.println();

// Making our 2nd block


// Since it is our 2nd block so its previous hash should be hash
of genesis block (Block 1)
Block Block_2 = new Block("This is the 2nd
Block",GenesisBlock.hash);
System.out.println("Block 2 Hash is : " + Block_2.hash);
System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 2 (i,e Block
1) is : " +GenesisBlock.hash);

System.out.println();

// Making our 3rd block


// Since it is our 3rd block so its previous hash should be hash
of Block 2
Block Block_3 = new Block("This is the 3rd Block",Block_2.hash);
System.out.println("Block 3 Hash is : " + Block_3.hash);
System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 3 (i,e Block
2) is : " +Block_2.hash);

}
}

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