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Single-Bus Structure in Computer Systems

A single-bus structure in computers connects all major components through a shared communication pathway, allowing for simplicity and cost-effectiveness. However, it can lead to bottlenecks and limited bandwidth due to sequential access. This architecture is commonly used in microcontrollers and early personal computers.

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832 views1 page

Single-Bus Structure in Computer Systems

A single-bus structure in computers connects all major components through a shared communication pathway, allowing for simplicity and cost-effectiveness. However, it can lead to bottlenecks and limited bandwidth due to sequential access. This architecture is commonly used in microcontrollers and early personal computers.

Uploaded by

chavanakshay1812
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Single-Bus Structure in Computers

A single-bus structure is a type of computer architecture where a single, shared communication


pathway (the bus) connects all the major components of the system, including the CPU,
memory, and input/output (I/O) devices.
Key Characteristics:
●​ Shared Bus: All components use the same bus for data transfer.
●​ Sequential Access: Only one device can use the bus at a time, leading to potential
bottlenecks.
●​ Simplicity: Relatively simple and cost-effective to design and implement.
Diagram:
Components:
●​ CPU (Central Processing Unit): The brain of the computer, responsible for executing
instructions.
●​ Memory: Stores data and programs.
●​ I/O Devices: Input and output devices, such as keyboards, monitors, and hard drives.
●​ Bus: The shared communication pathway.
How it Works:
1.​ Data Transfer: When a component needs to send data to another, it requests access to
the bus.
2.​ Bus Arbitration: A controller grants access to one component at a time.
3.​ Data Transmission: The selected component sends the data over the bus to the
destination component.
Advantages:
●​ Simplicity: Easy to design and implement.
●​ Cost-Effectiveness: Lower cost compared to multi-bus structures.
●​ Flexibility: Easy to add new devices to the system.
Disadvantages:
●​ Bottleneck: The single bus can become a bottleneck, especially with multiple devices
competing for access.
●​ Limited Bandwidth: The bus can only handle a certain amount of data at a time, limiting
overall performance.
Applications:
●​ Microcontrollers: Often used in embedded systems due to their simplicity and
cost-effectiveness.
●​ Early Personal Computers: Common in older personal computers.
In Summary:
A single-bus structure is a basic and cost-effective way to connect components in a computer
system. However, its performance can be limited by the shared nature of the bus.

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