Checklist of

Florida ’s Birds

MyFWC.com
 Wood Stork

Front cover artwork – Snail Kite by Chris Burney

Inside front cover artwork by Lizabeth West, FWC
 Checklist of Florida’s Birds
Prepared by
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Florida’s wild places are home to an incredible diversity of birds.

More than 500 native bird species or naturally occurring strays
have been recorded in the state and over 300 native species
occur commonly (four have gone extinct). A further 17 nonnative
species (exotics) have established large stable populations in
Florida, as shown by research. More than 70 natural community
types support this diversity, from the pine flatwoods of
Apalachicola National Forest to the scrub communities of the
Lake Wales Ridge, and the vast sawgrass marshes and mangrove
swamps of Everglades National Park. Our natural areas harbor
many bird species seen nowhere else in the United States, such
as the Florida Scrub-Jay, Mangrove Cuckoo and Snail Kite. In
addition, Florida’s birdlife changes with the cycle of the seasons.
A constant turnover of breeding, wintering and migratory species
provides new birding experiences throughout the year.
To help you keep track of the spectacular range of birdlife
the state has to offer, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission (FWC) has published this checklist based on verified
records of native birds and established nonnative species (exotics).
Some birds are noted as rare in Florida; extra care should be
taken in identifying these rarer species and observations should
be documented with photographs, video or sound recordings if
possible. The checklist also notes species listed as threatened or
endangered. In cases where multiple subspecies are found in the
state and only a subset are listed as threatened or endangered,
this information is included in a footnote.
This booklet is also the official checklist of the Wings Over
Florida birding certificate program. Wings Over Florida awards full-
color certificates at seven different achievement levels to birders
who report their Florida life lists to the FWC. See more info on
page 25.
Wings Over Florida is free; tax-deductible donations to support
the program can be made online at WildlifeFlorida.org. When using
the online donation form, please write WOF in the comment box.
 Table of Contents

Native or Naturally Occurring Species ...................................... 2

Established Nonative (Exotic) Species ................................... 22

Extinct Native Species ......................................................... 23

Additional Species ............................................................... 24

Wings Over Florida Rules ...................................................... 25

Notes .................................................................................. 26

Grasshopper sparrow
1
Native or Naturally Occurring Species
Waterfowl Location Date
n Black-bellied Whistling-Duck
n Fulvous Whistling-Duck
n Snow Goose
n Ross’s Goose
n Greater White-fronted Goose
n Brant (R)
n Cackling Goose (R)
n Canada Goose
n Tundra Swan (R)
n Wood Duck
n Blue-winged Teal
n Cinnamon Teal
n Northern Shoveler
n Gadwall
n Eurasian Wigeon
n American Wigeon
n Mallard
n American Black Duck (R)
n Mottled Duck
n White-cheeked Pintail (R)
n Northern Pintail
n Green-winged Teal
n Canvasback
n Redhead
n Ring-necked Duck
n Greater Scaup
n Lesser Scaup
n King Eider (R)
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
2
n Common Eider
n Harlequin Duck (R)
n Surf Scoter
n White-winged Scoter
n Black Scoter
n Long-tailed Duck
n Bufflehead
n Common Goldeneye
n Hooded Merganser
n Common Merganser (R)
n Red-breasted Merganser
n Masked Duck (R)
n Ruddy Duck
New World Quail Location Date
n Northern Bobwhite
Upland Game Birds Location Date
n Wild Turkey
Flamingoes Location Date
n American Flamingo
Grebes Location Date
n Least Grebe (R)
n Pied-billed Grebe
n Horned Grebe
n Red-necked Grebe (R)
n Eared Grebe
n Western Grebe (R)
Pigeons and Doves Location Date
n Scaly-naped Pigeon (R)
n White-crowned Pigeon (ST)
n Band-tailed Pigeon (R)
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
3
n Inca Dove (R)
n Common Ground-Dove
n Ruddy Quail-Dove (R)
n Key West Quail-Dove (R)
n White-tipped Dove (R)
n White-winged Dove
n Zenaida Dove (R)
n Mourning Dove
Cuckoos and Anis Location Date
n Smooth-billed Ani
n Groove-billed Ani
n Dark-billed Cuckoo (R)
n Yellow-billed Cuckoo
n Mangrove Cuckoo
n Black-billed Cuckoo
Nightjars Location Date
n Lesser Nighthawk
n Common Nighthawk
n Antillean Nighthawk
n Chuck-will’s-widow
n Eastern Whip-poor-will
Swifts Location Date
n White-collared Swift (R)
n Chimney Swift
n Vaux’s Swift (R)
n White-throated Swift (R)
n Antillean Palm-Swift (R)
Hummingbirds Location Date
n Ruby-throated Hummingbird
n Black-chinned Hummingbird
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
4
n Bahama Woodstar (R)
n Anna’s Hummingbird (R)
n Costa’s Hummingbird (R)
n Calliope Hummingbird (R)
n Rufous Hummingbird
n Allen’s Hummingbird (R)
n Broad-tailed Hummingbird (R)
n Broad-billed Hummingbird (R)
n White-eared Hummingbird (R)
n Buff-bellied Hummingbird
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots Location Date
n King Rail
n Clapper Rail
n Virginia Rail
n Sora
n Common Gallinule
n American Coot
n Purple Gallinule
n Yellow Rail (R)
n Black Rail (FT)
Limpkin Location Date
n Limpkin
Cranes Location Date
n Sandhill Crane*
n Whooping Crane
Stilts and Avocets Location Date
n Black-necked Stilt
n American Avocet

*Florida subspecies State Threatened

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
5
 Oystercatchers Location Date
n American Oystercatcher (ST)
Lapwings Location Date
n Northern Lapwing (R)
Plovers Location Date
n Black-bellied Plover
n American Golden-Plover
n Pacific Golden-Plover (R)
n Killdeer
n Semipalmated Plover
n Piping Plover (FT)
n Lesser Sand-Plover (R)
n Greater Sand-Plover (R)
n Wilson’s Plover
n Mountain Plover (R)
n Snowy Plover (ST)
Sandpipers Location Date
n Upland Sandpiper
n Whimbrel
n Long-billed Curlew
n Bar-tailed Godwit (R)
n Black-tailed Godwit (R)
n Hudsonian Godwit (R)
n Marbled Godwit
n Ruddy Turnstone
n Red Knot*
n Surfbird (R)
n Ruff (R)
n Sharp-tailed Sandpiper (R)

*Rufa subspecies Federally Threatened

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
6
n Stilt Sandpiper
n Curlew Sandpiper (R)
n Red-necked Stint (R)
n Sanderling
n Dunlin
n Purple Sandpiper
n Baird’s Sandpiper
n Least Sandpiper
n White-rumped Sandpiper
n Buff-breasted Sandpiper
n Pectoral Sandpiper
n Semipalmated Sandpiper
n Western Sandpiper
n Short-billed Dowitcher
n Long-billed Dowitcher
n American Woodcock
n Wilson’s Snipe
n Spotted Sandpiper
n Solitary Sandpiper
n Lesser Yellowlegs
n Willet
n Common Greenshank (R)
n Greater Yellowlegs
n Wilson’s Phalarope
n Red-necked Phalarope
n Red Phalarope
Jaegers and Skuas Location Date
n South Polar Skua (R)
n Pomarine Jaeger
n Parasitic Jaeger
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
7
n Long-tailed Jaeger (R)
Dovekies, Murres, Murrelets,
and Puffins Location Date
n Dovekie (R)
n Common Murre (R)
n Thick-billed Murre (R)
n Razorbill (R)
n Long-billed Murrelet (R)
n Ancient Murrelet (R)
n Atlantic Puffin (R)
Kittiwakes, Gulls, Noddies,
Terns, and Skimmers Location Date
n Black-legged Kittiwake (R)
n Sabine’s Gull (R)
n Bonaparte’s Gull
n Gray-hooded Gull (R)
n Black-headed Gull (R)
n Little Gull (R)
n Laughing Gull
n Franklin’s Gull
n Belcher’s Gull (R)
n Black-tailed Gull (R)
n Heermann’s Gull (R)
n Ring-billed Gull
n California Gull (R)
n Herring Gull
n Iceland Gull
n Lesser Black-backed Gull
n Slaty-backed Gull (R)
n Glaucous Gull

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened

8
n Great Black-backed Gull
n Kelp Gull (R)
n Brown Noddy
n Black Noddy
n Sooty Tern
n Bridled Tern
n Least Tern (ST)
n Gull-billed Tern
n Caspian Tern
n Black Tern
n Roseate Tern (FT)
n Common Tern
n Arctic Tern
n Forster’s Tern
n Royal Tern
n Sandwich Tern
n Elegant Tern (R)
n Black Skimmer (ST)
Tropicbirds Location Date
n White-tailed Tropicbird
n Red-billed Tropicbird (R)
Loons Location Date
n Red-throated Loon
n Pacific Loon (R)
n Common Loon
Albatrosses Location Date
n Yellow-nosed Albatross (R)
Storm-Petrels Location Date
n Wilson’s Storm-Petrel
n European Storm-Petrel (R)
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
9
n Leach’s Storm-Petrel
n Band-rumped Storm-Petrel
Fulmars, Petrels, and
Shearwaters Location Date
n Northern Fulmar (R)
n Black-capped Petrel
n Fea’s Petrel (R)
n Cory’s Shearwater
n Short-tailed Shearwater (R)
n Sooty Shearwater
n Great Shearwater
n Manx Shearwater (R)
n Audubon’s Shearwater
Storks Location Date
n Wood Stork (FT)
Frigatebirds Location Date
n Magnificent Frigatebird
Boobies and Gannets Location Date
n Masked Booby
n Brown Booby
n Red-footed Booby (R)
n Northern Gannet
Anhingas Location Date
n Anhinga
Cormorants Location Date
n Great Cormorant (R)
n Double-crested Cormorant
n Neotropic Cormorant (R)
Pelicans Location Date
n American White Pelican

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened

10
n Brown Pelican
Herons, Bitterns, and Egrets Location Date
n American Bittern
n Least Bittern
n Great Blue Heron
n Great Egret
n Snowy Egret
n Little Blue Heron (ST)
n Tricolored Heron (ST)
n Reddish Egret (ST)
n Cattle Egret
n Green Heron
n Black-crowned Night-Heron
n Yellow-crowned Night-Heron
Ibises and Spoonbills Location Date
n White Ibis
n Scarlet Ibis (R)
n Glossy Ibis
n White-faced Ibis
n Roseate Spoonbill (ST)
New World Vultures Location Date
n Black Vulture
n Turkey Vulture
Osprey Location Date
n Osprey
Kites, Eagles, and Hawks Location Date
n White-tailed Kite
n Swallow-tailed Kite
n Golden Eagle (R)
n Double-toothed Kite (R)
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
11
n Northern Harrier
n Sharp-shinned Hawk
n Cooper’s Hawk
n Northern Goshawk (R)
n Bald Eagle
n Mississippi Kite
n Snail Kite (FE)
n Red-shouldered Hawk
n Broad-winged Hawk
n Short-tailed Hawk
n Swainson’s Hawk
n Zone-tailed Hawk (R)
n Red-tailed Hawk
n Rough-legged Hawk (R)
n Ferruginous Hawk (R)
Barn Owls Location Date
n Barn Owl
Typical Owls Location Date
n Flammulated Owl (R)
n Eastern Screech-Owl
n Great Horned Owl
n Snowy Owl (R)
n Burrowing Owl (ST)
n Barred Owl
n Long-eared Owl (R)
n Stygian Owl (R)
n Short-eared Owl
n Northern Saw-whet Owl (R)
Kingfishers Location Date
n Belted Kingfisher
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
12
Woodpeckers Location Date
n Red-headed Woodpecker
n Golden-fronted Woodpecker (R)
n Red-bellied Woodpecker
n Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
n Downy Woodpecker
n Red-cockaded Woodpecker (FE)
n Hairy Woodpecker
n Northern Flicker
n Pileated Woodpecker
Caracaras and Falcons Location Date
n Crested Caracara (FT)
n Eurasian Kestrel (R)
n American Kestrel*
n Merlin
n Peregrine Falcon
n Parrots
Tyrant Flycatchers Location Date
n Ash-throated Flycatcher
n Great Crested Flycatcher
n Brown-crested Flycatcher
n La Sagra’s Flycatcher (R)
n Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher (R)
n Piratic Flycatcher (R)
n Variegated Flycatcher (R)
n Tropical Kingbird
n Cassin’s Kingbird (R)
n Western Kingbird
n Eastern Kingbird

*Southeastern subspecies State Threatened

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
13
n Gray Kingbird
n Loggerhead Kingbird (R)
n Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
n Fork-tailed Flycatcher (R)
n Olive-sided Flycatcher
n Western Wood-Pewee (R)
n Eastern Wood-Pewee
n Cuban Pewee (R)
n Yellow-bellied Flycatcher (R)
n Acadian Flycatcher
n Alder Flycatcher (R)
n Willow Flycatcher (R)
n Least Flycatcher
n Hammond’s Flycatcher (R)
n Pacific-slope Flycatcher (R)
n Black Phoebe (R)
n Eastern Phoebe
n Say’s Phoebe (R)
n Vermilion Flycatcher
Shrikes Location Date
n Loggerhead Shrike
Vireos Location Date
n White-eyed Vireo
n Thick-billed Vireo (R)
n Cuban Vireo (R)
n Bell’s Vireo
n Yellow-throated Vireo
n Blue-headed Vireo
n Philadelphia Vireo
n Warbling Vireo
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
14
n Red-eyed Vireo
n Yellow-green Vireo (R)
n Black-whiskered Vireo
Jays and Crows Location Date
n Blue Jay
n Florida Scrub-Jay (FT)
n American Crow
n Fish Crow
Larks Location Date
n Horned Lark
Martins and Swallows Location Date
n Bank Swallow
n Tree Swallow
n Bahama Swallow (R)
n Violet-green Swallow (R)
n Mangrove Swallow (R)
n Northern Rough-winged
Swallow
n Purple Martin
n Southern Martin (R)
n Cuban Martin (R)
n Barn Swallow
n Cliff Swallow
n Cave Swallow
Chickadees and Titmice Location Date
n Carolina Chickadee
n Tufted Titmouse
Nuthatches Location Date
n Red-breasted Nuthatch
n White-breasted Nuthatch

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened

15
n Brown-headed Nuthatch
Creepers Location Date
n Brown Creeper
Wrens Location Date
n Rock Wren (R)
n House Wren
n Winter Wren
n Sedge Wren
n Marsh Wren*
n Carolina Wren
n Bewick’s Wren (R)
Gnatcatchers Location Date
n Blue-gray Gnatcatcher
Kinglets Location Date
n Golden-crowned Kinglet
n Ruby-crowned Kinglet
Old World Flycatchers Location Date
n European Robin (R)
n Northern Wheatear (R)
Thrushes Location Date
n Eastern Bluebird
n Mountain Bluebird (R)
n Townsend’s Solitaire (R)
n Veery
n Gray-cheeked Thrush
n Bicknell’s Thrush (R)
n Swainson’s Thrush
n Hermit Thrush
n Wood Thrush

*Marian’s and Worthington’s subspecies State Threatened

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
16
n American Robin
n Red-legged Thrush (R)
n Varied Thrush (R)
Mimic Thrushes Location Date
n Gray Catbird
n Curve-billed Thrasher (R)
n Brown Thrasher
n Sage Thrasher (R)
n Bahama Mockingbird (R)
n Northern Mockingbird
Waxwings Location Date
n Cedar Waxwing
Wagtails and Pipits Location Date
n Eastern Yellow Wagtail (R)
n White Wagtail (R)
n American Pipit
n Sprague’s Pipit (R)
Finches and Allies Location Date
n Evening Grosbeak (R)
n Purple Finch
n Common Redpoll (R)
n Red Crossbill (R)
n Pine Siskin
n Lesser Goldfinch (R)
n American Goldfinch
Longspurs and Snow Buntings Location Date
n Lapland Longspur (R)
n Chestnut-collared Longspur (R)
n Smith’s Longspur (R)
n Snow Bunting (R)
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
17
 New World Sparrows and Allies Location Date
n Bachman’s Sparrow
n Grasshopper Sparrow*
n Black-throated Sparrow (R)
n Lark Sparrow
n Lark Bunting (R)
n Chipping Sparrow
n Clay-colored Sparrow
n Field Sparrow
n Fox Sparrow
n American Tree Sparrow (R)
n Dark-eyed Junco
n White-crowned Sparrow
n Golden-crowned Sparrow (R)
n Harris’s Sparrow (R)
n White-throated Sparrow
n Vesper Sparrow
n LeConte’s Sparrow
n Seaside Sparrow**
n Nelson’s Sparrow
n Saltmarsh Sparrow
n Henslow’s Sparrow
n Savannah Sparrow
n Song Sparrow
n Lincoln’s Sparrow
n Swamp Sparrow
n Green-tailed Towhee (R)
n Spotted Towhee (R)

*Florida subspecies Federally Endangered

**Cape Sable subspecies Federally Endangered, Scott’s and Wakulla subspecies
State Treatened
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
18
n Eastern Towhee
Stripe-headed Tanagers Location Date
n Western Spindalis (R)
Blackbirds and Allies Location Date
n Yellow-breasted Chat
n Yellow-headed Blackbird
n Bobolink
n Eastern Meadowlark
n Western Meadowlark (R)
n Orchard Oriole
n Hooded Oriole (R)
n Bullock’s Oriole (R)
n Baltimore Oriole
n Scott’s Oriole (R)
n Red-winged Blackbird
n Tawny-shouldered Blackbird (R)
n Shiny Cowbird
n Bronzed Cowbird
n Brown-headed Cowbird
n Rusty Blackbird
n Brewer’s Blackbird
n Common Grackle
n Boat-tailed Grackle
Wood Warblers Location Date
n Ovenbird
n Worm-eating Warbler
n Louisiana Waterthrush
n Northern Waterthrush
n Golden-winged Warbler
n Blue-winged Warbler
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
19
n Black-and-white Warbler
n Prothonotary Warbler
n Swainson’s Warbler
n Tennessee Warbler
n Orange-crowned Warbler
n Nashville Warbler
n Connecticut Warbler
n MacGillivray’s Warbler (R)
n Mourning Warbler (R)
n Kentucky Warbler
n Common Yellowthroat
n Hooded Warbler
n American Redstart
n Kirtland’s Warbler (FE, R)
n Cape May Warbler
n Cerulean Warbler
n Northern Parula
n Magnolia Warbler
n Bay-breasted Warbler
n Blackburnian Warbler
n Yellow Warbler
n Chestnut-sided Warbler
n Blackpoll Warbler
n Black-throated Blue Warbler
n Palm Warbler
n Pine Warbler
n Yellow-rumped Warbler
n Yellow-throated Warbler
n Prairie Warbler
n Black-throated Gray Warbler (R)
R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened
20
n Townsend’s Warbler (R)
n Hermit Warbler (R)
n Golden-cheeked Warbler (R)
n Black-throated Green Warbler
n Canada Warbler
n Wilson’s Warbler
Cardinals and Allies Location Date
n Summer Tanager
n Scarlet Tanager
n Western Tanager
n Northern Cardinal
n Rose-breasted Grosbeak
n Black-headed Grosbeak (R)
n Blue Grosbeak
n Lazuli Bunting (R)
n Indigo Bunting
n Varied Bunting (R)
n Painted Bunting
n Dickcissel
Tanagers Location Date
n Bananaquit (R)
n Yellow-faced Grassquit (R)
n Black-faced Grassquit (R)

R = Rare, FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, ST = State Threatened

21
Established Nonnative Species
Waterfowl Location Date
n Egyptian Goose
n Muscovy Duck
Rails, Gallinules and Coots Location Date
n Purple Swamphen
Pigeons and Doves Location Date
n Rock Pigeon
n Eurasian Collared-Dove
Parrots Location Date
n Monk Parakeet
n Nanday Parakeet
n Mitred Parakeet
n White-winged Parakeet
Bulbuls Location Date
n Red-whiskered Bulbul
Starlings Location Date
n European Starling
n Common Myna
Blackbirds and Allies Location Date
n Spot-breasted Oriole
Finches and Allies Location Date
n House Finch
Old World Finches Location Date
n Scaly-breasted Munia
n Tricolored Munia
Old World Sparrows and Allies Location Date
n House Sparrow

22
Extinct Native Species*
Passenger Pigeon
Ivory-billed Woodpecker
Carolina Parakeet
Bachman’s Warbler
*The Dusky Seaside Sparrow has also gone extinct, although four other
subspecies of Seaside Sparrow still occur in Florida.

Passenger pigeon illustration from the Trousset Encyclopedia.

© Morphart Creation/Shutterstock.com

23
Additional Species
Species Location Date
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
24
Wings Over Florida
The Wings Over Florida program awards full-color certificates at
six achievement levels to birdwatchers who report their life lists to
the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. In addition,
a Big Year certificate is awarded to those who report their annual
observation list. This program is free to residents and nonresidents.
Available certificates include:
Ruby-throated Hummingbird (25 species)
Roseate Spoonbill (50 species)
Florida Scrub-Jay (100 species)
Crested Caracara (200 species)
Red-cockaded Woodpecker (300 species)
Mangrove Cuckoo (400 species)
Big Year Certificate (at least 50 species in the calendar year)

Official Rules
1. No Exotic species can be counted; no captive, escaped birds
can be counted.
2. All birds listed must be alive, wild, and unrestrained
when observed.
3. All birds listed must be identified by sight or sound by the
person submitting the application.
4. Only one individual may be listed on each certificate awarded.

Apply Online at WingsOverFlorida.org

Please allow 4-8 weeks for delivery of your certificate(s). If you
have questions concerning Wings Over Florida, send an email to
[email protected] or visit WingsOverFlorida.org.

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Notes:
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 Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission
Birding is always more enjoyable when you have information on
where to go and what species to look for. The Florida Fish and
Wildlife Conservation Commission developed the Great Florida
Birding and Wildlife Trail (GFBWT), a network of more than 500
sites throughout Florida selected for their excellent wildlife viewing
opportunities. The GFBWT’s mission is to conserve and enhance
Florida’s wildlife habitat by promoting birding and wildlife watching
activities, conservation education and economic opportunity. To
support the GFBWT, you can make a tax-deductible donation online
at WildlifeFlorida.org. When using the online donation form, please
write WOF in the comment box.

Visit FloridaBirdingTrail.com for more information about GFBWT

sites and resources.

The Great Florida Birding and Wildlife Trail: Your Road to Adventure!

Brown noddy and chick

27
 Black-whiskered Vireo

Back cover artwork – Red-cockaded Woodpecker by Kayleigh Mitchell

Inside back cover artwork by Lizabeth West, FWC Revised 11/2021
printed on recycled paper