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Symmetric Encryption

Symmetric cryptography involves encrypting messages so that only the intended sender and recipient can read them, converting plaintext into ciphertext. It uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, which changes with each recipient, making it fast but potentially less secure. The encryption process employs mathematical functions like substitution and permutation to enhance security by increasing the key space.

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nainagupta06
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19 views6 pages

Symmetric Encryption

Symmetric cryptography involves encrypting messages so that only the intended sender and recipient can read them, converting plaintext into ciphertext. It uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, which changes with each recipient, making it fast but potentially less secure. The encryption process employs mathematical functions like substitution and permutation to enhance security by increasing the key space.

Uploaded by

nainagupta06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Symmetric cryptography

and encryption
By: Math AI HL class
What is encryption?
It is about making sure that only the
intended recipient and the sender
can read the message.

It involves converting plaintext into


ciphertext.

This is especially used to to prevent


unauthorised access to confidential
information and to maintain privacy.

Example:

Sender: “Hello”

Interceptor: “Loleh”

Receiver: “Hello”
The big issue…and
solution
No matter to whom we send the
message “Hello” to, the encrypted
message will always be “Loleh”.

This makes it very easy to predict


and decrypt messages.

This is where key-based encryption


is used.

It ensures that if the same


message is sent to different
people, the resulting ciphertext will
be different for each.

It does this by randomly


generating a new key each time.
Symmetric encryption
It is a type of key-based encryption
that uses the same key to encrypt
and decrypt a message.

However, the key used to encrypt


and decrypt the message will
change for each time the message
is sent to a different recipient.

This type of encryption is fast and


efficient.

However, this can be less secure


as the recipient and the sender
must have the same key.
Math behind
Symmetric encryption
Substitution and permutation is
used to mix up the plaintext into
ciphertext.

Encryption algorithms use specific


mathematical functions that
constantly mix up data making it
harder to decrypt.

Having a larger key space means


more possible keys. This decreases
the probability of finding the right
key to decrypt the message.

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