BOOK TWO

Figure (3) to operate as a viable motion detector system.

CONCLUSIONS

Due to the sensitivity of this motion detector and its broad

frequency response, the experimenter might experience some 'false

alarms’ from strong locally radiated pulsed signals such as CB’s,

police radios, taxicabs, mobile telephones, etc.; however, the

author, located in a densely populated urban area, has not exper­

ienced many of these false signals. Most of the responses appeared

to have been genuinely generated by motions in the vicinity of the

detector. 4

The experimenter should find the performance of this, detector

interesting. For example, the author was able to determine.the«.sex^. •

of the 'intruder' from the gait of the motion detector response.

<
It appears that the gait of women walking is more 5'bouncy' than that

of men walking. Moving vehicles such as cars did not seem to affect

this detector as much as the rapidly moving planes in the sky. The

sensitivity of the detector must be reduced so that movements such

as cars and planes do not affect the alarm circuitry. Yet sufficient

sensitivity can be retained to maintain a viable intrusion alarm

for a radius of 30-50 feet.

Sufficient information has been given in this article to en­

able the interested experimenter to explore and develop for himself

a useful intrusion alarm or just have some fun figuring out what is

being detected at the moment. In addition, the experimenter could

also explore the 1/f type gravitational 'wave' signals present at

the meter output of the circuit of Figure (3). In general, AC coup­

ling should be used and movement in the area avoided or the motion

pulses will modulate (swoosh) the signals.

 References

(1) G. Hodowanec, "Are Cosmological Effects the Source of

1/f Noise in Electron Devices?”, Unpublished Short
Paper, June 1981.

(2) G. Hodowanec, Rhysmonic Cosmology, August 1985.

(3) G. Hodowanec, ’’Complementary JFETS 'Form Bimode Oscillator”,

ELECTRONICS, October 30, 1975.
5
 3

('caw.')

•V

Figure (1) - Original Motion Detector Circuit.

+/— Sou fl

Figure (2) - Improved Simplest Motion Detector

Circuit.
Parts List:
"C" and "L” - Transmission-line circuit (See Fig. -(;2) ).
Rl - 2M-potentiometer (sensitivity control )
R2>R3»R4^ ^5" - 100k, 1/4 watt
R5 - IM potentiometer (gain control).
R6 - 100k potentiometer (alarm threshhold control).
- Miniature, 2-conducter, closed circuit jack).
SW; - Miniature, DPST switch.
SW2 - Miniature, SPST switch.
AL - Piezo Buzzer (Radio Shack 273-065).
I Cl - Type 1458 op-amp.
IC2 - Type 741 op-amp.

Construction notes:

(1) Construction in a small plastic experimenter ’s box is

recommended. Bring out the input leads of ICla (at
points x-x ) to a properly spaced^pair of pin jacks.
The transmission-line circuit ("Cand*!*) should be
external and connected to the pin jack inputs. Keep
this line away from any ground planes.

(2) Separate power supplies are shown for the detector and
the alarm circuits. This allows for individual use of
either the meter circuit or the alarm circuit.

(3) For added sensitivity, a short vertical wire antenna

( 10 to 20 inches in height) may be connected to the
positive terminal of "C”, or to the casing of this
capacitor.

Figure (3) - Practical Motion Detection Circuit.

0
Q
A/ote The expert men^t-

0 dhould vev'/^ The

r^-oo-h Fgt~
device uses- ds can
be S’een ^ere^ The. pin-
ooh- V9y^ ^,4-h -bJj^

p Syd-ic u I a r piScha^ t/seJ ■

0 (a) FET’s wire’d as lambda diode units.

0
0 C
L •. ^-TurnS^.^o'^P

•, = a-as-pF ';

0 Feb's usually
Side
device
side
/eads
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and. <*bAe
s«/dei-ed

0 -foje+Aei- To a
Compaci- ^-d/odef^^
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0 (b) Simple Negative-resistance Oscillator Circuit.

CGKTOCk’TLU
Wo{e$
Fe + s and "bhus -f-he diodes vary
/'n charicderis-focs . Ip tjenerzlly
Vances be+ajeen 3 H md■
CPi'oJei should Le biased in 'I’he
Ceni-ev? o-^ The linear ranae d’O
avoid +ke possible <ye»era><o h
ha^woviic c-onbenb.

I-V Characteristics of Diode in (b) above

Figure (4) - Simple Low Power Oscillator Suitable for use

in the FM Frequency Band.
OPERATION AT OTHER FREQUENCIES

Another source of a strong, but amplitude modulated RF flux,

is that provided by TV stations. The strongest modulation in these

signals is the blanking pedestal signals at about the 60 cycle rate.

This could be high enough in rate so as;not to show up more than a

slight ’fluttering' of the output signal in the detector, probably

just above the level of the 1/f GW signals (which are always pre­

sent and cannot be eliminated). The long time-constant of the 'ring­

ing' used in the motion detectors discriminates against such signals

*
but they will be heard if an audio amplifier is inserted in the

meter jack of the circuit of Figure (3).

R
This evaluation is’Tacilitated when the test circuit is fabri­

cated as shown in Figure (5a). The circuit of’Figure (3) ist‘contained

in a plastic experimenter’s box (shown is the author's arrangement),

- fine
but the transmission's kept external and thus is readily adjustable

in length. Approximate line lengths as a function of RF frequency

are given in Figure (5b). While the author has not evaluated the

TV frequencies, those experimenters who lack a strong FM signal but

possibly have a strong TV signal in the area, might want to look into

this potential.
 Ip

(b) Approximate resonant line lengths

Figure (5) - Experimental Motion Detector Prototype.

 .............. . ” r:T5rt'|^”-',■'•- 'Wh "'•' 1

■ STOP rou^e. Meanwhile the cycle counter passes to states ms) of this READY indication. Even if a new character is
2 through 10. received immediately, however, the output will remain
The next clock puts the cycle counter into state 11, at 1 and transmission will not begin until the next clock.
but the gate detects this and clears the BUSY flip-flop. This insures a minimum stop pulse duration of two
This in turn raises the ready line, resets the cycle coun­ clock periods. If no character is received, the converter
ter, and puts the shift register back into the LOAD mode. will wait in the READY mode indefinitely. -
Thus, the transition from state 10 to the READY mode The following modifications adapt the circuit to the
proceeds asynchronously within a few nanoseconds. Baudot code. Delete the left-hand 74165, and connect
During this transition the shift-register output remains the SI and A inputs of the right-hand 74165 to Vcc.
high because a logic 1 is loaded from the Vcc line. Then replace the 7410 gate with a 7404 inverter driven
Transmission at 10 characters per second results if a off the 7493’s D output (the A output now connects only
new character is provided within one clock period (9.09 to Bin; B and C outputs are left with no connection). □

audio and radio frequencies simultaneously. Oscillation

is at approximately the natural resonances of each tank
Complementary JFETS form circuit. The radio-frequency tank, consisting of a 2-mi-
bimode oscillator crohenry choke shunted by a trimmer capacitor, can be
tuned over a wide range centered near 20 megahertz.
by Gregory Hodowanec The audio section uses the 500-ohm winding of a mjni-
Newark, N.J. ature audio output transformer and a 0.05-microfarad
ceramic capacitor for oscillation at approximately 440
hertz. The audio section cleanly amplitude-modulates
A complementary pair ofjunction field-effect transistors the rf section, as demonstrated by reception of the. radi­
can be interconnected to form a negative-resistance ated signal on a communications receiver. Power dutpuU.
two-terminal device, which makes a simple oscillatofTTn is in the order of 25 milliwatts and the signal has a
monolithic form this configuration is called a lambda range of several hundred feet with no antenna on the
diode [Electronics, June 26, p. 105] and is available with oscillator. The range can be extended to several thour
a wide range of characteristics. If two discrete JFETs are sand feet with a' short length of antinna, so a form df
connected to make the diode, they do not have to be this oscillator can be adapted to radio-control appplica-
matched, but can be chosen to provide various values of tions.
peak current and negative-resistance-voltage range. This circuit can be used as a simple signal source for
Figure 1 shows current as a function of voltage for a many experimental purposes. The audio section can be
combination consisting of an n-channel 2N3819 and a eliminated or shorted out if an unmodulated signal is
p-channel 2N5460. desired.- The circuit can also be adapted to any design
The jfet “diode” can be made to oscillate at fre­ requiring a low-level signal source. Variable frequency
quencies ranging from audio to vhf. All that is required control can be incorporated at either or both frequency
is to connect the diode in series with an inductance-ca­ levels. q
pacitance tank circuit and supply a bias voltage in the
Designer's casebook s a regular feature in Electronics We invite readers to submit original
negative-resistance region. Figure 2 shows a simple bi­ and unpublished circuit ©eas and solutions to design problems. Explain briefly but thor­
mode oscillator circuit capable of oscillating at both oughly the circuit's operating principle and purpose We'll pay S50 lor each Item published.

_!•. Negative resistance. Current-voltage characteristics are shown 2. Blmode oscillator. JFET-comblnation "diode" and two tank cir­
a.-"diode" consisting of the arrangement of the two comple- cuits can oscillate at audio frequency and radio frequency simulta­
^mentary JFETS shown In Fig. 2. For any terminal voltage between neously. Resultant signal Is rf modulated by af; either component
^2-5 V and 8 y, the combination has a negative resistance
can be varied for communications or control applications.;;: ; .
A NOVEL SIMPLE AUDIO OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT

G. Hodowanec

Gregory Hodowanec
34 Cleveland Ave.
Newark, NJ 07106
 ABSTRACT

A simple audio oscillator circuit which is ’energized’ by

gravity ’wave’ signals is described. A relatively pure and constant

sine-wave output is available over a wide frequency range. The unit

can be constructed in a small aluminum enclosure with self-contained

battery supply and thus is. suitable for portable use. A square-wave

output can be made available, if desired.

4

1
Introduction

There are many audio oscillator circuits available to the exper­

imenter,' some simple, and some quite complex," depending upon the re­

quirements desired of this oscillator circuit. Described here is a

very simple and novel audio oscillator circuit which depends for its

operation on gravity ’wave’ signals whiqh are always present in this

universe. (See R-E, ----- ?). The circuit is capable of developing a

rather pure sine-wave output over the range of about 50 Hz to about

20 kHz, as well as a square-wave version of this output. The audio

output is fairly constant4bver this frequency range, and thus could

»
be adapted to swept-frequency use. The unit operates very well off

a single nine volt battery ( a +/- nine volt supply is preferable^

and thus is easily adapted to portable operation.

How It Works ' ,

Shown in Figure (1) is the simplest version of the gravitational

1 2
’wave’ detector as developed by the author. ’ In essence, this is

a ’ringing’ circuit in which damped audio oscillations are established

in the input circuit of C^ and R^ (with the presence of some stray

inductance) and with the aid of gravitational impulse currents devel­

oped in the input capacitor, C^. In general, the decay time for these

damped oscillations are affected by the stray capacitance, C2 , in

the output circuit. Most IC devices and circuits introduce sufficient

output capacitance to yield reasonable decay times, but in some inst­

ances, it may be necessary to introduce an additional small external

capacitor for optimum gravity signal detection. For example, if C]_

is made .22 uF and Rf is 1.5 megohms, the natural frequency of oscil­

lation (damped) would be in the order of 500-600 Hz. While most cir­

cuits may perform adequately without any external output capacitance,

some circuits may require up to about ,05 uF of external capacitance,

C2 , in order to have sufficient ’ringing’ time for proper gravity

wave signal detection. However, too much output capacitance will re­

sult in much longer decay times and thus sustained oscillations which

will be maintained by the continual gravity signals (impulses) pre­

sent in capacitor, C]_ . For example, in the above illustration,

where C^ is about .22 uF, C2 is also generally made about .22 uF for

sustained oscillations, but-could be made as high as 1,0 uF or more!

The inclusion of C2 , which forms sort of a .’tank’ circuit for the

input oscillations, has only a second order effect on the frequency

of oscillation, and should be selected on the 'basis of best‘output

waveform for the frequency range of interest. For example, with” C2

in the order of ,22 uF,_and Cj. equal to 1.0 uF and Rf a 2; 5 megohm.

potentiometer, the frequency range will be about 250-750 Hz with

good output waveforms. With changed to .1 uF, *the frequency range

will now be about 750 Hz to 2.3 kHz, also with good waveforms. Since

the oscillations are sustained by gravitational impulses from strong

nova ’bursts’, which have a natural resonant frequency of about 1 kHz,

the oscillations of this circuit appear to be limited to about the

’.capture range’ frequency of about 50 Hz to 20 kHz.

Practical Circuits

Shown in Figure (2) are the simplest practical circuits for use

in the frequency range of about 200 to 600 Hz. The circuit in (a)

uses a dual nine volt supply and has about lOdb more output than the

circuit of (b) which uses a single nine volt battery. Only sine-wave

outputs are available in these circuits.

A more useful circuit for sine-wave output is shown in Figure (3).

The input capacitor is made adjustable for an extended frequency

range, and the output is buffered with a unity gain amplifier stage
for improved stability and waveforms. Approximate values for the

input capacitors art3 given below:

Capacitor Value Frequency Range

Cl 5.0 uF 60 - 250 Hz

c2 1.0-uF 250 - 750 Hz

C3 .1 uF 750 Hz to 2.3 kHz

.01 uF 2i3 - 7.0 kHz

\
C5 .001 uF 7.0-20 kHz

It may be necessary to experiment with the value of C^ for best

waveforms over this complete range.

' Shown in Figure (4) is a modified circuit which.is capable of

both sine-wave and square-wave outputs. The unity gain amplifier is

replaced by an inverting amplifier stage having a gain ofnabout 10.

An additional potentiometer, R$ , is included to control the input

levels to this amplifier stage. For sine-wave output, this control

is set below the ’clipping’ levels of the amplifier stage. For

square-wave outputs, the control is set above overdrive levels which

will saturate the output stage (clip) and thus provide for a useful

square-wave type output.

Construction Hints

Since this, oscillator is dependant on the ever-present gravity

’wave’ signals for its operation, it should be shielded against other

electrical effects such as EM waves or AC line noise which could

appear as a modulation on top of the desired oscillations. An alum­

inum box containing the circuits and battery supplies should be ade­

quate shielding against these effects, while still allowing the grav­

itational signals to come through. In general, since sustained oscil­

lations are the desired mode of operation for this unit, assembly

and wiring is non-critical. The experimenter could possibly choose

values for the input capacitor and the variable feedback resistor

so that the ranges can ’scale’ and thus only one (two at most)

calibrated dials are needed.

Conclusions

This simple and novel audio frequency oscillator should be an

interesting project for the experimenter. There is room for further

experimentation. For example, in principle, two tone operation may

be possible. The simplicity of the circuits should also enable the

design of highly stable arid pure sine-wave signals of fixed frequency

for many specialized amateur electronic projects. However, as ment­

ioned above, the circuits •‘should be shielded for'best performance.

 -7

REFERENCES

(1) G. Hodowanec, Rhysmonic Cosmology, August 19^5.

(2) G. Hodowanec, ”0p-Amp Circuit Detects Gravity Signals”, R-E ????.

0
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 V
(com. )

Figure (1) - Simplest Gravity ’^ave’ Detector

/0Ok

Figure (3) - Practical Sine-Wave Oscillator

 / (Cow.)

Figure (4) - Practical S.ine/Square-wave Oscillator

THE AUTHOR’S DERIVATIONS OF CERTAIN
CONSTANTS BASED SOLELY UPON HIS
•RHYSMONIC' (PLANCK) NATURAL UNITS
 ^.22.0 X
3.177 X/^ x X/P“S8

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0
 AN ALTERNATE DETERMINATION FOR
THE VELOCITT OF LIGHT
(G. Hodowanec)

I. Introduction

The nature of light and its velocity has always been a some­
what controversial subject and remains so to some extent even today.
The disputed points of—view are well-known to most readers of NEN
and thus they will not be extensively considered here. However, some
of the more salient points will be briefly stated here .as a prelude
to a discussion of an alternate method of determining the velocity
of light in the vacuum. a
Primarily, light is presently considered to be a wave motion in
terms of electromagnetic theory, but it is also considered as an en­
ergy unit or photon in quantum theory. The aspects compliment each
other; for example, the wave theory is generally applied to inter­
actions between light signals, while quantum, theory is used for light
energy interactions, such as the photoelectric effect. Presently,
the velocity of light is considered as absolute , ie., independent of
the velocity of the source or.the observer. Also the physical motion
of any material body can never exceed the velocity' of ligh*t. The vel­
ocity of light also serves as a connection between mass and energy as
is noted in the well-known relation E = mc^ . The velocity of light
appears in many physical relations, especially those relating tp„the
various fundamental constants of nature. Thus, the d&terininaXiQn- of, •
the true value of this velocity is of utmost importance in physics
and in cosmology in general. ,
i /
II. Experimental Determinations of the Velocity of Light

The first crude measurement (of importance) of the velocity of

light was made by Roemer in 1675 in an experiment where he noted a
change of time for the observance of the eclipsing of the moon 10
by the Planet Jupiter. The velocity determined here was in the order
of 2.2 x 10-*-® cm/sec using the best parameters available to him at
that time. However, since that time many more precise experimental
measurements were made, as summarized in the 1983 paper by Pipkins
and Ritter. (1) Most of these determinations were in the order of
3 x 1010 cm/sec, with the average being around 2.9979 x 1010 cm/sec.
The more recent measurements made around 1973 or so, gave a value of
about 2.9979245 x 10^0 cm/sec, and this was the accepted value at
that time. This generally remains the present day value, as given in
some dictionaries of science (2) and the book GRAVITATION by Misner,
Thorne, and Wheeler. (3)
It should be noted that most of the above experimental measure­
ments of the velocity of light were made in the presence of gases,
orimarily air and possibly water vapor, and thus does not truly rep­
resent the velocity in vacuum. However, the error introduced is con­
sidered to be very minimal. Here, however, I will consider the ac­
cepted value to be 2.99792 x 1010 cm/sec, out to five decimal places
only, so as to be of the same order of magnitude as for some of the
other determined constants which will be used in the alternate calcu­
lations. Before doing so it is necessary to digress a bit to explain
the nature of Planck's Natural Units, which are basic to these deter­
minations. »
D(57p III• Planck’s Natural Units (PNU)

D Max Planck published in 1914 a curious aside in his book,

"The Theory of Heat Radiation". I first became of this aside in
1959, when Dover Publications released a reprint of this volume. (4) ~
Planck suggested that experimentally determined universal constants
0 could be used to "establish units of lengthy mass, time, and temp­
erature, which are indenendent of special bodies or substances,
which necessarily retain their significance for all times and for

0 all environments, terrestrial and human or otherwise, and which may,

therefore, be described as ’natural units'." Planck chose the con­
stants h, his Planck constant, C, the velocity of light in vacuum,
and G, the gravitational constant. Planck expressed the numerical

0 values of these constants in the C.G.Sf system of units, ie., cent­

imeters, grams, and seconds. By choosing the natural units so that
each of the above constants assumes the value unity, he obtained the

0
natural units: ~ 2 1 -33
Length = L* = ( G h = 3.99 x 10 cm.

-43

□ Time
A cs j
= T* = fG h \2 = 1.33 x 10

” -5 -
sec.

Mass = M* = (C h\"2 = 5.37 x 10 gm.

0 \ G /
using the data available to him at that time. W,

□ A paper by McNish which appeared in May 1959 (5) seemed to re­

lish the potentials stated by Planck but expressed concern about the
uncertainty of arriving at a sufficiently accurate value fof the
gravitational constant. However, it occured to me at that time that

□ these natural units could perhaps be the dimensions of the aether,

but pressures of earning a living and raising a family delayed my
looking into this further at this time. However, in 1975 I was able
to devote a few months to further studies in cosmology, primarily a
□ fresh look at the nature and structure of space/time, the so-called
aether. I was encouraged by reports on a 'structure' for the vacuum
as was given by Misner, Thorne, and Wheeler (MTW) in their book. (3)
Especially interesting to me was their (?) revision of Planck' nat­
ural units (PNU), using the reduced Planck Constant, h , rather than
h, since this was in agreement with my own 'structuring' of a stat­
ionary aether. This I had reported later in my monograph, 'Rhysmonic

0 Cosmology' which I released in 19^5.Ms a result, the Planck Natural

Units now became:
L* = 1.6161 x 10
-33
cm.

□ •T* = 5.3906 x 10
-44

-5
sec.

M* = 2.1765 x 10 gm.

0 where the calculations were carried out to the most probable fourth
decimal place, using
C = 2.9979 x IO1® cm/sec. _
G - 6.6732 x 10_R crp/gm sec .

□ - 1.0546 x 10-27gm cm2/sec.

where these values were averaged from the references cited here.
Since C, G, and fi can eventually be experimentally determined to

0 higher orders of accuracy, the Planck Natural Units will also be

determined more accurately in the future.
IV. Application of PNU to the Velocity of Light

In Rhysmonic Cosmology (6) the velocity of light in vacuum was

predicted to be due to a matrix-type structure for the vacuum. Here,
electromagnetic effects were the result of a propagation factor, <>.
This propagation factor, C*, could be called the Planck Velocity,
and was. equal to L*/T*. Substituting in the. more recent determin­
ations of the Planck natural units, 10
C* = L*/T* = 2.99794 x 10 cm/sec,
which is also the experimentally determined velocity of light. It is
surprising that this connection has not been mentioned by the quantum
theorists (as far as I know) and especially by MTW. Therefore, it
seems to me that the Planck Natural Units really do describe the
structure of the aether. In the above delation it is seen that the
velocity of light would be constant in an undisturbed aether. The
only way the velocity could change is if L* changes (which is possi­
ble in the presence of liTafter where the velocity would be reduced) ,
or if T* changes, (which some experiments could ascertain).

V. The PNU and Dimensional Analysis

Since Planck's Natural Units appear to describe the very struct­

ure of a stationary aether they may be truly fundamental uhits. As
such, one can refine the experimentally determined fundamental ..con­
stants with dimensional formula analysis. Two examples- are given:
h = 1.0545 x 10“27 gm cm2/sec (from experiment). x
The numerical value oi^fi-can be determined from PNU -thus'1, •
fi* = gm cm2/sec =M* L*2/T* = 1.05449
Therefore, -h 1.05449 x 10“ 27 gm cm2/sec, (from PNU).
Also, G = 6.673 x 10“° cm^/gm sec2 (fr®m experiment, (1) )
G« = cm3/gm sec2 = M* T*2 = 6.6736
Therefore, G = 6.6736 x 10 ~° cm3/gm sec2 (per PNU).
This technique was verified for many known constants, but with
one notable exception. The value of, e , the quantum of charge,
e s 4.803 x lO-^f gm .cm^/sec2 )-*-/2 (f'rom experiment).
Dimensionally, e* = (gm cm3/sec2)l/2 = (m* L*3/t*2)1/2 = 5.6226
Thus, e - 5.6226 x 10“lC (gm cm</sec2)V2 . (per PNU).
Note that the PNU determined value of e is about 11.7 times larger
than the classical experimentally determined value. This also ex-
olains why the so-called reciprocal fine structure constant, 1/x ,
where e2 is used, becomes the value 11.72 or approximately 137? Thus,
this PNU determination of e questions the experimentally determined
value of e , the quantum of charge.

VI. Conclusions

The methods of Rhysmonic Cosmology (6) were basically used in

the determinations reported herein (with support from PNU and MTW).
This material appears to confirm that there is a stationary aether,
having a definite structure and very high energy content, probably
related to the Planck Natural Units and its many derivatives. The
further study of this structure should interest readers of NEN and
may possibly provide some clues to a more direct 'extraction' of the
latent energy in space/time. As reported in NEN, this energy source
might have been ’tapped' in some past and current experimental tests.
To unambiguosly do so may provide the total energy needs of mankind
in the future without^polluting the earth. The writer hopes that many
readers will consider'' the possibilities alluded to herein.
 REFERENCES

(1) Francis M. Pipkin and Rogers C. Ritter. "Precision Measurements

and Fundamental Constants ”. Science, Feb. 1983, Vol.219, No. 4587.’

(2) Penguin Dictionary of Science, 1943 Edition.

Penguin Dictionary of Physics, 1977 Edition.

(3) Charles W. Misner,- Kip S. Thorne, and John A. Wheeler.

GRAVITATION. W. H. Freeman and Company, 1973•

(4) Max Planck. THE THEORY OF HEAT RADIATION. Dover Edition, 1959-
f
(5) A. G. McNish. "The Basis of Our Measuring Svstem". Proceedings
of the IRE, May 1959-

(6) G. Hodowanec. RHTSMONIC COSMOLOGY. Self Published, 1985.

Now out-of-nrint, but copies of the original typewritten cages
are available from: Rex Research Archives, P.O. Box 19250,
Jean, NV, 89019-
4

D
0
□
D

ft
0

0
□

0
0
0
□
 Cosmology Note
G. Hodowane
GH Labs
Newark,
Nov. 11, K-9L
0
Dear Colleague: This .may be of interest to you.

I. Speculations on the gravitational Constant, G.

There are many interpretations for the gravitational constant, G,
0
the value of which is presently determined largely from various experi­
mental tests. I have shown in some past Notes.that this value was also
determinable from dimensional analysis using the Planck Natural Units.
D
However, it intrigued me to know just what this constant really stood
for. I knew that it was -related to the 'force’ of gravity in terms of
Rhvsmonic Josmology, but past attempts to evaluate it always resulted
in some extra terms in mass, length, or time, in some analyses these
D
extra terms showed up as an acceleration, cm/sec2, or as a surface'den-
ity, em/cm2 . I finally realized that both these relations could be dir­
ectly obtained from the dimensional analysis of the units of the value
0
of G! For example:
3 3 ~ cm/sec2 acceleration, a
G = L
I^T2 rm sec^
= cm/seo2 x cm2/gm.=
> 9
D
° (gm/cm4 surf ace tensity, S
In terms of Rhysmonic Cosmology, this could be considered as follows:
4 D
0
a* = L = 1.616 X 10 5,56 x 10^ icm/sec2- . /
0
S~ =
T 29.06 x 10"-^

2.177 x IQ 8.34 x 10^0 gm./cm2 .

D
_ a?
L*2 2.611 x 10~°6
0
Therefore, G ~ 6.67 x 10-“ cm-Vgm sec2, this being the same value
obtained in experiment and this rhysmonic determinationJ Therefore, G
may be a measure of the acceleration of rhysmonic flux through a unit
area, something like the Poynting Vector in EM work. However, this
0
measure may also be expressed as a surface force or a pressure gradient
as follows:
P- = Ssa* = 4.64 x 101
11 ,
dynes/c.m2 . 0
II. Some comments on this interpretation of G.
1. Rhvsmonics implies that there is a very dynamic but highly
localized structure in the rhysmoid (aether) which exists in the order
D
of Planck Length dimensions in the 4th dimension. Thus,, when I sneak
about rhysmonic 'flux flow’, I do not imply a movement of rnysmons
over any extended lengths, which we do in the third dimension where
flux flow usually means an actual movement of particles, both micro­
D
scopic and macroscopic. Loth result in a pressure per unit area, but
in rhysmonics only the effect is transported over soace, very much like
sound waves or water waves are transported and where there is little
0
relative movement of th^ air or water molecules. Another difference
here is that the rhysmonic effects are 'transported' essentially in an
instantaneous fashion as pointed out in my Cosmology. D
0
 2. The universal gravitational ’flux’ energy vectors are omni­
directional in free ’undisturbed’ space but due to the rhysmonic struct
ure of space these vectors cancel and thus no 3rd dimensional effects
are seen. Moreover, these energetic basic Zth dimensional vectors can­
not be 'taoped' directly with most present day technology techniques.
However, it is possible to ’tao’ the energy in certain other existing
scalar gradients in this field (or those which can be created with the
use of certain field modifying techniques). The main gradients are
well known: E-fields, H-fields, EM-fields, and g-fields. There may be
manv other field gradients' which contain much energy, but most of these
are as vet 'unknown' and must be 'discovered' before man can use them
as an energy source. There are already hints of these in some ’free
energy’ experiments and energy ’machines’/'
3. Much of the potential energy of the universal gravitational
field has been ’cautured’ in particles and various radiation fields,
and these provide much of our- oresent day useful energy using the tech­
nology of todav. However, =s we learn more about our rhysmoid (aether)
we should eventually be able to utilize this very basic energy through
direct means and highly efficiently (more than 100>). That day is now
aooroaching.

HI. Conclusions
Rhysmonic cosmology is continuing to develop into a simple but
sound aporoach to cosmology and thus increasing expectations'in both
the theoretical and technological fall-out. within my very'limited
time here, I will continue to report to you on any further thought
discoveries. I will not be able to do much in terms of experiments in
the near future and it would be nice to have a lit.tle more help (ala
0
3^.
0
□
□
□
D
B
0
D
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
0
B
B
B
GALAXY CENTER AND OTHER SIGNIFICANT
ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS USING THE
AUTHOR’S GRAVITY-WAVE SENSING
TECHNIQUES
 Release Marsh 12, 1987

A RECENTLY OBSERVED EXPLOSIVE EVENT IN THE GALAXY C^Ntvr

D
IS PREDICTED TO AFFECT CONDITIONS HERE ON EARTH~

The Galaxy Center, which had been relatively stable for at least
0
the past 30,000-years or so, had apparently undergone a drastic change
on about December 5, 1986, according to information obtained from a
gravity signal detection system invented by Gregory Hodowanec of New­ D
ark, New Jersey,' a retired research physicist. The system is based on
a new cosmology developed by the invenpor and depends upon electro-
gravitic effects for its operation. The units, according to the in­
ventor, detect variations in the earth’s gravity field due to pertur­
D
bations of this field by various gravitational effects in the universe
such as the dynamic mass movements caused by novae, oscillating, rota­
ting, or otherwise moving large masses, as well as the dense static
masses, such as apparent ’black hole’ structures which can cause gravi­
D
tational ’shadows’’ to appear in the system’s response. According to
the inventor’s theories, these gravitational signals are of the longi­
tudinal type and ’propagate* essentially instantaneously $nd not at~the D
speed of light as is predicted for the Einstein quadrature-type signals.
The inventor had been ’observing’ the Galaxy Center recently in
order to obtain some recorded strip chart scans of the .structure there
which could be helpful to some amateur radio astronomers who were int­
0
erested in these techniques. On December 1 and 2, 1986, the--inventor
noted what appeared to be a movement of a mass in that structure to­
wards the central mass in the structure. This may have been initiated
by what appeared to be a closeby supernova event also noted on December
0
1 and 2, 1986. Unfortunately, the Center was not scanned again until
December 6, 1986, at which time it was noted that the original Galaxy
Center structure (which was relatively unchanged during the past 5-6
years of observation) had disappeared and a new very deep ’black hole
0
and accretion ring’ type of structure now appeared here! Operation of
the detection system in its gravity ’noise’ mode at this time indicated
a sharp and very turbulent increase in noise response, probably due to
0
the outward moving shock-wave induced ’debris ring’ proceeding from
this supernova—type event that occured at the Galaxy Center. Because
of the violence and rapid velocity of these gravitational ’winds’, the
scientific communitv was alerted on December 8, 1986 (through the Nat­
0
ional Science Foundation) to look for possible reactions here on Earth,
mainly changes in the atmosphere in the northern hemisphere around the
60° N. Latitude which could’ affect the weather patterns in those lati­ 0
tudes. A request was also made to look for possible effects in the at­
mospheres of the sun and pertinent planets. , While further observations
and the development of the new Center were noted and reported to NSF,
it is not known if those inputs were heeded by that agency. However,
0
as is well known now, the weather patterns in the northern hemisphere
have been highly unusual since about the middle of December 1986, and
that could well be attributable to the very strong ’gravity winds’
which introduced a new horizontal component of gravity in those lati­
D
tudes. The winds which are proceeding from the direction of the Gala­
xy Center are probably affecting the normal jet stream patterns. (See
the attached sketch).
0

D
 In addition to the prediction that weather conditions around the
60° N. Latitude regions (much land masses there) and also the 60°" S.
Latitude regions (much open water there) could be affected by this
event at the Galaxy Center, it was also predicted that any unstable
earth, structures in the region of 30® S.'Latitude could also be af­
fected as possible increases in earthquake activity, since the verti­
cal component of the gravity ’winds’ would apparently increase the
normal gravity force there. Another prediction was that starlight
traveling through ’disturbed’ gas clouds could"result in an increased
’twinkling ’ effect. Such effects would be initially noted by the
effects of ’nearby’ clouds, but should become more pronounced in time
as the more distant clouds become"effective-(due to*the finite time
for propagation of light signals). At the present time, the inventor
has noted a possible increase for the ’twinkling’ of the star Sirius.
The observational techniques of the inventor are very simple and
are very low in cost and have been released to some experimenter and
amateur radio astronomer publications, as well as directly to some
interested private researchers. . The conventional (orthodox) scientific
community has, thus far, chosen largely to ignore these tecnniques.
The inventor.will leave’ it to independant observations of the predicted
’observable* results of the event in the "Galaxy Center to confirm the
reality and validity of his gravity detection methods, and thus the
possible long-range effects of the event on conditions, here on our
Earth as well as other planets.(as well as the Galaxy itself.
Note Added; August 1’57 1937
It is believed that the Galaxy Center event of ‘about Dec. 5, 1936.
also ’triggered off’ at the same time a supernoya much closer-by which
lay on the same meridian as the Galaxy Center. These events were ob­
served on Dec. 6, 1986 and the resulting ’black holes and accretion
rings’ have been present since that time. .The two events can be sep­
arated when observing the Galaxy Center through the Earth. The other
event, which appears to be in-line with the star Betelgeuse in Orion,"
might (?) have been the demise of Betelgeuse. The strong ’gravity
winds’ which have caused so much abnormal weather changes since about
Dec. 5, 1986, may have come from the Betelgeuse (?) event, rather than
the Galaxy Center event. More important, if Betelgeuse did go super­
nova, the Earth can expect a ’fire storm* of EM radiations in about
300 years’ time!
Note Added: October 8, 1987
A supernova event from the general direction of Betelgeuse in the
constellation of Orion could also result in an increase in gravity in
the general region of 30° North Latitude. Perhaps, a slight increase
in gravity levels was responsible for the recent series of California
earthquakes? While the event at the Galaxy Center would have the ef­
fect or reducing gravity, the closeness of the Betelgeuse (?) event
would prevail, resulting in a net increase of gravity levels there.
Note Added: April 30, 1988
A new suoernova-tyoe event was noted on the same meridian as the
Galaxy Center on March 31, 1988. This new event ’swamped’ the scan
of the Center and did not move off for many days. After about two
weeks time, the ’interloper’ was no longer ’seen’. However, very
strong gravity 'winds' from this event are still present at this date.
Gw detectors, weight scales, and 1/f noise detectors were all affected
by this event. Presently, all noise detectors, including the gas tube
device are much noisier than they have ever been! Perhaps, this may
have been a more 'local’ event rather than at the Galaxy Center region.
 SCENARIO

At Newark, N.J.:

Figure (1) This shows a typical (high gain) GW signal resuonse

Nov. 4,1986 for the Galaxy Center. Comparison is made with a
2:46 PM EST recent radio astronomy response of the Galaxy Center.

Figure (2) The Galaxy Center appears to have changed somewhat.

Dec. 1, 1986 A violent reaction (supernova?) was noted at about
1:03 PM EST 17.6 Hr RA, near the Galaxy Center at this time. *

Figure (3) The Galaxy Center appears more normal in this low
Dec. 2, 1986 gain scan. There may be a trace of the supernova of
1:02 PM EST Dec. 1st at about 17.6 Hr RA. *

Dec. 3,4,5 No observations made.

4

Figure (4) This was the first indication that a violent reaction
Dec. 6, 1986 may have occurred in the Galaxy Center region. There
12:45 PM EST was a second reaction at about 17.8 Hr RA. *

Figure (5) Violent reaction in Galaxy Center continues? The

Dec. 7, 1986 shock rings at ’A’ and ’B’ are moving?
12:42 PM EST

Figure (6) Scan of the Galaxy Center region at lower gain levels
Dec. 3, 1986 continues to show strong new structures. Some other
12:40 PM EST new structure is also seen at about 17.75 Hr RA.

Figure (7) This scan appears to indicate that the supernova of

Dec. 8, 1986 Dec. 1st in" this region may have developed into a well-
12:36 PM EST defined black hole and ring structure.

Note: Galaxy Center observations will be continued.

Note Added 4/3O/8g

The above scenario and scans were sent to the National Science
Foundation on December 8, 1986 along with a cover letter outlining
our observations. Only the nertinent scans and data are included
here and these should be sufficient to illustrate that a ’drastic’
event did indeed occur on about December 3rd to 5th, 1986, and the
Galaxy Center to this day is the new deep hole structure and not the
’weak’ hole structure seen prior to that event. Another aspect whicl
was orominent in the following ’scans’ of the Center was the rapid
expansion of the Galaxy Center shock wave ring structure, shown as
objects A and B, Note also that the black hole type structure which
is marked as C in the scan"of 12/6/86 also appears with the Center,
as object 0 in the scan of 12/10/86.
'335
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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, N.J.
6/10/91
Dear Colleague: This is for your Info,
hope it is of interest.

Introduction

During the spring months of 1991 it was noticed that there was
an increase in the level and turbulence of 1/f noise. Galaxy Center
activity was suspect. A scan of the Galaxy Center (G.C.) made on
9/11/90 had shown only the same black hole and ring structure which
had appeared since the time of the G.C./'event of 12/6/86. However,
a scan made of the G.C. on 5/16/91 (under earth) had shown some ad­
ditional rings (possibly two more), as if the G.C. had undergone
two additional ’explosions'* since 9/11/90. On 6/4/91, it was de­
cided to follow up on the G.C.---- some very tentative observations
are now given:

June 4, 1991: G.C. scanned about 12:45 PM EST.

A test scan at this time showed the start of three rings, but
when the position of the black hole was reached, there was a very
strong ’blast* noticed which washed out the other side of .the ring
structure. This may have been the fourth explosion of the G.C. x
and may have been serendipitiously ’caught*. ... . r- .

June 5, 1991: G.C. scanned at about 12:41 PM EST.

<
The G.C. region now showed what appeared to be the start of a
new ring structure with some ’blast’ still showing up at the black
hole position. The ring was about 2 seconds of earth rotation time
in diameter at this time. The original ring structures appeared to
be washed out. However, this scan showed the old shock wall ring
called *B* by me, and also the long-standing black hole called ’C ’
by me. (See R-E January 1989 article).

June 6, 1991■ G.C. scanned at about 12:37 PM EST.

Here, only what appeared to be a void and a weak ring structure

with walls spaced about 7 seconds of earth rotation time, was seen.

June 7, 1991: G.C. scanned at about 12:33 PM EST.

; Here, excessive unit gains introduced some ’resonances’ which

masked the low-level structure at the G.C.—no conclusions.

June 8, 1991• G.C. scanned at about 12:29 PM EST.

No real signs of a black hole or rings, only much fine structure.

Too much turbulence at the G.C. ??

June 9, 1991: G.C. scanned at 12:31 AM EST.

In this scan the G.C. is in the zenith and Betelguese (?) may
appear under the earth. However, Betelguese did not show up (?),
but there appeared to be a new black hole and accretion ring to be
developing at the G.C.---the ring had a diameter of about 5 seconds
of earth rotation time in this scan.
 Some Conclusions

The G.C. appears to be ’active* again after relative calm since

□ the event of 12/6/86. It is possible that the deep black hole at

the G.C. had become unstable and had at leas-t four ’explosion* in
recent weeks, the last on June 4th being most violent! The very
stong GW ’winds’ preceeding from the G.C. are not only probably
0 affecting the Earth’s weather and geological structures, but are also
altering Galactic structures. It would be nice if more of you ’active
researchers’ could become more involved here. Remember, the EM type

0 effects from these events will not reach Earth for about 22,000
years!! The GW effects are here now arfd are affecting us now!
writer intends to follow up more on this in a couple of weeks, to
The

allow the structures to _’settle down’. Best regards,

D
0
0
G
D
0
0
0

0
D
D
 Cosmology Note CH Labs^^iZ-S-^
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 6/23/91

Gravitational signal astronomy techniques have been described by

the writer in the April 1986 issue of. Radio-Electronics and the Janua­
ry 1989 issue of R-E’s Electronic Experimenter Handbook, as well as in
some other publications. Some unpublished material was made available
through Rex Research Archives. This material provides for an exciting
new ’window’ to our Universe and is of significant importance since the
gravity signals are essentially ’instantaneous’ signals and thus arrive
in real time, ie., the signals display activity in the Universe which
is occuring now! In particular, catastrophic events in our own Milky
Way galaxy, if of sufficient magnitude, could have an affect on the
earth’s weather patterns and geological'structures. This is believed
to be due to ’gravity winds’ which are generated by such events and
such winds could alter the normal gravity of the earth.
The writer had ascertained (using these techniques) that on about
December.6, 1986, a relatively minor ’black-hole-type ’ structure noted
at the Milky Way Galaxy center had ’cannibalized’ another close-by
structure there to become a new much more massive black hole and accre­
tion ring structure there.. It was immediately reported to the Nation­
al Science Foundation and "’some -local media that the strong ’turbulent
gravity winds’ noticed at this time could possibly have an affect on
the earth’s weather patterns and geological structures, as well .as on
the solar system and the galaxy ’in general. It is believed that the
winds ’spawned’ at the same time, a local supernova, possibly the. ^star \
Betelguese in Orion, leaving a black hole structure there’whiah.-^4sj^£en
to the present day! One does not need to be reminded of the strange
weather patterns seen since that time or the increase in earthquakes!
The new black hole and ring structure in the jgalaxy center has
been relatively stable since its creation in Dec. 1986. It Was still
observed to be stable in a ’scan’ made on Sept. 11, 1990. However, a
scan made on May 16, 1991 had indicated that the center ’hole’ may have
become somewhat unstable, showing evidence of two (possibly three) min­
or explosions since the last observation of Sept. 11, 1990. Moreover,
a scan made on June 4, 1991 showed a violent explosion occuring there
at the time of this scan. Talk about serendipity! The 1/f noise det­
ectors revealed a tremendous increase in turbulent winds at this time’
The intense winds could affect the earth much more than the event of
Dec. 1986’. A scan of the Center was made the next day and it appeared
to show that the massive black hole and some other structures at the
center had disappeared leaving what appeared to be debris there. The
scans were repeated for the next few days, and sporadically for the
next two weeks---- all confirmed that the new black hole and ring struc­
ture as well as some other long-standing structure there had really dis
appeared from the center!.
A number of earth ’events’ occuring since June 4th may be related
to the new strong gravity winds caused by this latest catastrophe at
the center. For on this same day, a violent volcano erupted in Japan,
with some evidence that others appeared to have increased activity.also.
A few days later, a long dormant volcano in the Philippines erupted,
and also some others were showing possible increased activity. The su,n
also showed major sun spot activity after June 4th! Again, a number
of earthquakes were reported soon after June 4th. World-wide weather
was most unusual, with increased wet and dry spells, higher thar. norm­
al temperatures here in the eastern USA, and increased tornadoes and
monsoons. The writer expects the earth will be in for a spate of un­
usual weather and increased volcano and earthquake activity for some
time yet. Best regards,
 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
7/22
0
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

Subject: Shadow Scans of the Sirius Star Region. II

Sirius is the brightest star in the Earth’s sky. It is only a-
bout 8,5 light years away and thus could be_an interesting area for
study in terms of GW shadow observations. Sirius is known to have a
very dense companion (a white dwarf known as Sirius B) which has an
0
orbital period of about-50 years. There has also been conjecture that
Sirius may be a triple star system and may even have planets there.
Thus the writer decided on July 16th to have a closer ’look’ at Sirius
0
with his Ckt. #75 astronomical GW detector unit. Scans were made at
rather low sensitivity levels with a 31 Hz LP filter in order to keep
other universe responses at a minimum. The scan made on July 16th
(not shown) appeared to show that there indeed was a massive star at
0
that location with some-other ’structure’ also appearing. Thus three
consecutive scans were made at more sensitive levels as shown below:
0
0
0
Since scans of a region could be ’distorted’ due to the detection
of shadows from anywhere along a meridian, the 3-day scans‘should be
fl
able to identify some repeating detections in that area. On the July
19th scan there was indication of the detection of Sirius A and B as
well as some other close-in structure. A scan made on July 20th made
0
at a somewhat more sensitive level indicated that perhaps Sirius was
a triple star system (with Sirius C showing up?) and the possible pres­
ence of one (or two?) planets also. Another low level scan made on
July 21st apparently did not show up Sirius A (being masked by Sirius B)
0
but Sirius G appeared to be better defined. A fine study of the origi­
nal four scans of this region seem to show that possibly two planets,
D and E, may be part of this star system. More observations at differ­
Oi
ent sensitivities as well as output filtering are needed to better re­
solve these apparent observations.

Remarks:
0
The Sirius system of stars (and planets?) at only about 8.5 light
years away should make for an interesting study in terms of GW shadow
observations. The author used the detector unit described in the Jan­
uary 1989 edition of R-E’s Electronic Experimenter’s Handbook. For
best results, use 1458 IC devices which were manufactured in the 1970’s.
The more recent devices tend to have too much internal gain and tend to
go into ’oscillation’ at high gain levels. However, some recent dev­
ices do work okay! It would be nice to see more of you interested re­
searchers more active here. Best regards to all,

D
.^receded en tits frack X/'dp
D
O' Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark. NJ
o’ Dear Colleague: This is for your information.
Hope it is of interest to you.
7/29/91

D Galaxy Center Responses

I recently reported to you that it appeared that our Galaxy Cent­

D er (GC) had undergone another catastrophic ’event’ on June 4, 1991----

an apparent ’explosion’ of the black-hole-type structure there which
had developed there as the result of an ’event’ on about 12/5/86.

0 Enclosed are just a few of the GV//’shadow’ scans on which I based

these conclusions. They are not the best of scans as much of it appears
on poor chart paper and with poor pen recorder pen responses. However,

0 the original recordings -contain much more detail which do not reproduce
well on the commercial copiers available to me.

Scans made during the month of July confirm the loss of the ’hole’

0 at the GC, but there are now some indications of a new closer-in shock­
wave ring structure and possibly the start of the re-collection of some
of the debris there to form another dense object at the center. This,
however, may take many years yet! At present I am only monitoring the
0 Galaxy Center about once a month. My present plans are- to look at some
of the local star systems and try to determine if planets are in-orbit,
about them. As you now.,know, I started with Sirius,. and Efirat.-^ests .

0 have shown definitely a binary star system and the possibility of some
olanets there. Many tests will be required to, eliminate occasional
responses from other shadows here and to definitely determine the struc­
ture actually present in the Sirius area. Take care----
0
 This is how the Galaxy Center (GC) ’looked’ in GW scans made prior
to this date. The GC is-in the zenith area in this scan and Jarre
masses in the zenith result in a reduced g-field and thus an up-scale
reading on the strip chart. The responses A and B are believed to be
a rotating shock-wave wall of material blasted from the GC. The dense
masses D may be. separate masses, but more likely a dense ’accretion
ring' of material, with Little mass in the central region. The mass
C was noted in previous scans to be slowly moving toward the GC area.
The capture of this mass may have precipated the catastrophic event
at the GC which was noted on 12/6/B6 and thereafter. • • ,

This scan shows a new well-defined and very deep ’black hole'
with a dense ring d now on the meridian of the GC. However, this is
believed to be a more local structure and is under the Earth (possi-
bly Betelguese, or near it), while th? GC is 1BO° away in the zenith
region yet. The supernova type event shown as C resulted in a hole-
tyne structure as shown in the scans of Eig. 3 ^-4.- The 'gravity
winds’ from the major event caught here was expected to affect the
Earth’s weather and possibly geological structures. The 'winds' were
very intense as heard on GV1 noise detector units.
0 9

Ce^er s-c/m/a/g^ o« i^lyfs-^

ESTERLJNE.^-^ i:,01,.iA;,. U5.A.

D
D
0
0
a
o This scan shows for the first time that the GC had really develop-
a new structure, probably a typical black hole type. Note'that the
supernova type event sho,wn. in Fig. 2 is now a ’hole’ type r.strueture

o which persisted until June 4, 1991. The double hole structure"’s^'-eri—

when the GC was scanned when in the zenith area also persisted until
6/4/91, but after then only the Betelguese (?) hole remained!, These
two holes could be well separated by scanning the GC when it.*was under
D the Earth. In this case the holes show up as well-defined black hole
and ring structures.

D
0
0
0 This scan continues to show the double hole structure on the GC
meridian when the GC is scanned when in the zenith region.
□ holes are onlv about 2-3 seconds apart here, but can e
minutes when the GC is under the Earth.
P . ~ .
Of importance here, is the
evidence that the shock-wave ring A & B has expanded, compared to the

□ nositions shown in Figure 1.

 Here the GC is separated from
Betelguese (?) by 1 1/2 min.

2-hole response of the New GC in the firs

Figure 5 shows a typical the GC was observed in the zenith region
two- three years of the GO when Handbook for GC responses under Earth!
See Jan. 19^9 R-E Experimenter

-
1:

/' ^3 G’Msr

o
Figure 7 scanned at high-level on 5/16/91 appeared to .‘show the
GC had developed a series of new rings, possibly due to minor explos-
6/4/91 started to show the same ring struct
ions. Figure 8 scanned on
(?), occured at this very same time!
ure, but a new explosion at k

The GC scanned on 6/5/91, 6/8/91, 6/17/91, -

to show that the. deep hole and ring structure seen nrogress
bout 12/6/S6 have now disappeared! There also appears to be a P™gres-
Ive loss or detailed structure at?he OC—the effect of turbulent^
debris?? A number of scans made in this period all ho
type of response—--no more black hole at the
 cosmology Nome Nevar'^, mL’
11/8M.
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

The Galaxv Center and Betelguese (?) Black Holes Status

On June U, 1991, the writer had serendipitously ’observed’ the

final ’explosion’ of the deep black hole (?) at the Galaxy Center
which had developed during the G.C. event of about Dec. 6, 19^6. Senns
of the G.C. periodically.after June 4th (until 7./1O/91) had shown the
black hole there had really disappeared with only a trace remaining of
the deep mass which had been there. A recent scan at 10Hz (see below)
continues to show but a trace of the mass that had been there! But
most surprising, the deep black hole (?V which had developed at the
position of Petelguese in Orion at the same time as the GC black hole,
and which was unaffected by the June 4th event, appears now to have
undergone a drastic change ,• probably only very recently (see below).
It appears that the former black hole type structure there is now some
what less dense but much increased in diameter, as if a ’gentle’ ex­
plosion occured there! It also appears to possibly have a transverse
velocity? Is this event responsible for the increased gravity ’wines’
in recent weeks, the recent scat of solar flares, and possibly the re­
newed ’strange’ weather in recent weeks??? Food for thought}!!
 Cosmology Note
GH Labs
Newark, N.J.
March 15, 1992
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

New Nova noted in Cygnus

On Feb. 26th, Bob Sickels, editor of The Radio Observer, informed

me of a new Nova in the constellation of Cygnus. The coordinates:
RA 20Hr : 30 min : 31 sec
Dec 52° : 31 min : 52 sec
While this nova is optically visible only on th^other side of the
planet at this time, it would be ’visible ’ as a gravity shadow any­
time that it crossed the gravity detectors meridian---either in the
zenith or under the earth.

A preliminary check was made (under the earth) and it apneared

that indeed there was a very dense object at that location. Two scans
were made and the preliminary data was sent to Bob.

Since that time six additional ’scans* were made of that region,
four were under the earth -land two in the zenith. This Cygnus region
is a very active section of our galaxy and thus the activity here
(and elsewhere) could at times ’wipe out’ the desired data. In fact,
the data on two of the under earth scans were wiped out!!’.However,
two scans under earth (shown as ’’A” and "B” here) and two-scans in the
zenith (shown as ”C*’ and~-D” here) had useful responses.. ' •;. ■

Scan "A" at low levels of gain shows a fairly well-defined dense

mass, perhaps a neutron star or even a black hole,, while scan ”B" at
a higher gain level gives a better indication of this perhaps being
a black hole, and not too old, possibly only 500-1000 years old?

Scan ”C” at very low gain levels (and a heavily inked pen) shows
signs of the same structure as seen in the zenith, while scan ”D”,
also in the zenith but at a higher gain level, reveals the pronounced
black hole but the accretion ring areas have been distorted with some
other gravity signals.

Conclusion: While I have yet to see any media notes on this Nova,
the gravity detectors appear to confirm that there is really a dense
object at the specified location. It^ a shame that we do not have more
observers looking at ’fast scan’ gravity observations. The bottle.neck
here is the availability of low cost pen-type recorders which can res­
pond to amplitude changes in terms of a fraction of a second. I have
an old Esterline-Angus unit which was missing its original ink pen.
I replaced it with an improvised pen made with a short section of a
Flair Pen. The added writing resistance and inertia is an advantage
in that it tends to limit some of the millisecond ’noise’ responses
which can interfere with the desired responses. Most servo-type re­
corders show up this ’cosmic noise’! The Rustrak units, while useful
for the large-scale clustering of galaxies responses, are useless in
these ’fast scan* responses. However, the enterprising researcher
should be able to adapt some low cost computer units to the collection
storage, and eventual retrieval of the data for display in the proper
fo.rm^for analysis. Good experimenting to all!
 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. July 22, 1993

A. Follow-up on the Note of 7/19/93

To confirm the reality of the scans of Cygnus ’H’ and the re­
developing ’structure’ at the Galaxy Center, these scans were repeated
on 7/21/93- As the plots of Figure (1) attached show, these ’events’
were largely duplicated. The Galaxy Center response is essentially
unchanged, but Cygnus *H’. has changed somewhat---- but this was expected
since the Rustrak 2-D plots seemed to indicate that this ’event’ was
possibly ’two black holes in rapid close orbit about each other’. This
investigation was begun because we speculated that perhaps some ’new’
massive cosmic event might be generating fairly strong ’gravity winds’
which in some wgy were affecting the jet stream in the northern hemi­
sphere. There was also a possibility that the rotating ’holes’ seen
in the Rustrak plots were-relatively close in the Cygnus area and may
have had a phase relation with the Earth’s rotation which could be
keeping its maximum effect pointed toward a particular 4o°-42° North
Latitude location and which is only very slowly moving across the
Earth (in this case the USA?). To further look into this, I went over
some past 2-D Rustrak scares I had remaining here.
B. Past 2-D Rustrak Scans »
To begin with, I went over a 2-D scan I made continously from a-
bout 2/11/92 to 2/28/92 with Ckt. #3000 A. Unfortunately, .1 used the
latter portions of this chart as actual scan samples sent.to interested
colleagues. However, L-did check the remaining portions of jthis^cbart
to see if there was any record of Cygnus ’H’ on it. I was very’mu'ch'^
surprised!! On 2/15/92, the chart appeared to indicate that there were
two seoerate ’black holes* in this particular region bf Cygnus but were
fairly far apart, about 8-10 minutes of Earth rotation time.' However,
on 2/16/92, these ’holes’ appeared to have come closer together!! On
2/19/92 they were much closer. On 2/20/92 they were very close, just
about abutting. On 2/21/92 they appeared to be coalescing!! On the.
morning of 2/23/92 they appeared to have coalesced, and on the evening
of that day the scan appeared to show a new larger structure there with
a pronounced shock wave ring present!! Unfortunately, I could not go
further here as that was the end of my chart record here-- the other
portions are with various colleagues out there. I am retaining this
section, uncut, for further study and future reference.
Conclusions
1. The Galaxy Center now appears to be developing a new B.H.!
2. Cygnus ’H’ is apparently real, massive, and close by?
3. Cygnus ’H’ may have developed early in 1992 and became more
massive and energetic by the summer of 1992?
Remarks
The information here is for your interest only. It may or may not
be relevant to the present midwest flood problems. I will not persue
this further for the present, except I may make a 2-day run on the
earth g-field on the Rustrak to see if a g-field variation is now
associated with Cygnus ’H’. Perhaps some of you may.do more? The
equipment I have used for these tests are described in the Jan. 19^9
issue of RE’s Electronic Experimenter. Any GW gravimeter designed
to monitor fairly rapid GW signals is okay to use. Use of simple
analog-type (meter tvoe) chart recorders, such as the Esterline-Angus
units, is recommended for ’fast’ scans. Potentiometric or servo type
recorders have fast responses and thus also record much superflous
and thus annoying ’fine structure’. The inertia of the meter type
recorders tend to filter out much of that excessively fine response.
0
 Cosmology Note (47T) Labs
Newark, nJ
1/20/94
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

1. I had predicted since December 6, 19^6 that the earth would be in

for an extended period of very unusual weather conditions. This was~
based upon an observation of a catastrophic 'event* at the Milky Way
Galaxy center at that time (as was ’seen’ with gravity signal tech­
niques). The strong gravity ’winds’ produced by that event was ex­
pected to affect the entire Galaxy, including our solar system, and
especially our own earth. This was because those gravity winds are
essentially ’instantaneous’ and thus are affecting our earth now, in
real time, rather than at the slow speed of the velocity of light!
The event of 12/6/86 apparently did affect our weather patterns in the
following time period.

2. However, the event of 12/6/86 had also ’spawned’ other instabilities

in our Galaxy. Some of-these had been noted, gravitationally, and had
been reported to you in the past. All seemed to have some effect on
weather patterns on earth and also on some geological aspects, eg.,
earthquake activity. Direct correlation was seen.

3. Recently, since about the first week of January, it was noticed

that there was again a very sharp increase in both 1/f an’d also white
noise in the QND type GW detectors. This increase in noise, probably
due to a very strong gravity wind, is presently most pronounced during
the morning hours at this location. The local g-field‘flux increases -
in the order of 4% for^both electronic and mechanical- .ghavimetans^here
in this time period. It is possible that there had been another very
drastic event in the Uygnus-Lyra region, but ,since I have not been
'observing' recently with fast scans on recorders, or slow/2-D scans
on the Rustrak, I have no record of such a possible event.' However,
I know that this region has been very active since 12/6/86.

4. It is conjectured at this time that very strong gravity winds may

arriving from this region and affecting the northern hemisphere. The
subsequent rise and fall in the earth's gravity flux might be partially
responsible for the very rough January weather and also the snate of
earthquakes, some minor ones occuring here in the eastern USA!!!

5. While this is speculation at the moment, past observations and

their correlation with earth changes, appears to indicate that there
may be a measure of truth in these speculations. What is needed is
more 'observations’ by more active GW researchers. I cannot do all
by myself; my efforts presently are very limited. What say colleagues?

Best regards,
ON THE EXTRACTION OF ENERGY FROM THE
AETHER INCLUDING CONSIDERABLE MATERIAL
ON THE AUTHOR’S TESTS WITH THE WOOTEN-
McCLAIN MRA (MAGNETIC RESONANCE AMPLI­
FIER) AND HIS OWN VARIATIONS
 Cosmology Notes GH Labs
Newark, NJ
March 20, 1927

Gravitational Energy

A. Introduction
Gravitational energy is present in terrestrial space as a potent­
ial energy which may be released as kinetic energy under certain cond­
itions. The energy content of gravitation in terrestrial space may be
determined from the two so-called constants of gravity; g , the free­
fall constant of the earth’s gravity field, and G , the universal grav­
ity constant. Both of these constants ^re derived from experimental
data obtained with the use of Newton’s gravity relations. The earth’s
gravity field energy content was calculated by the Russian physicist,
Lev Landau, back in 1962,—and is given by the simple relation:

Using currently accepted factors of g = 9S0 cm/sec^ , and G = 6.67xLO“

dyne cm2/gmS ) then the gravitational energy which is potentially a-
vailable in terrestrial space is :
Ug = -5.4xl0H ergs/cm^

-15 watt-hours/cm^
o
= -246 watt-hours/inchp

= -425 kW-hours/cu.1 ft.

The potential energy of gravitation may be converted to kinetic

energy in various ways, primarily by having a mass freely interact with
the gravitational field. A commonly observed, interaction is seen in
waterfalls, where gravitational energy is ’imparted’ to the falling
molecules of water and this energy is then converted usually to rotary
mechanical motion by the use of water wheels or turbines. The energy
may then be directly used, or further converted to electrical energy as
is seen in hydroelectric plants.
The waterfall systems are essentially ’closed energy’ systems in
that the energy which is ’extracted’ in the falling process was origin­
ally supplied by the sun in various evaporation processes. In some
cases tidal action may be used to achieve a water level difference, but
overall, the system would still remain a ’closed' system.
However, there are also non-mechanical methods for ’extracting' the
latent energy in the earth’s gravity field. These depend upon the inter­
action of scalar type fields. Scalar fields are simply potential fields
which are conservative in nature and contain gradients which are -all in
one (parallel) direction. Thus such fields may be described in terms
of a magnitude only. The earth’s gravity field is such a scalar field
in that the gravity flux is parallel and directed downward only, in
general. Therefore, such scalar fields may interact (algebraically)
with other locally created scalar fields of the electric type (E-fields)
or magnetic type (H-fields). The scalar E- and H-fields must be of the
curl-free type, ie., essentially parallel type fields. Therefore, it is
possible, in principle, to have a local scalar field interact with the
gravity scalar field, and thus, in effect, 'extract' energy from that
gravity field. Such an energy system would be very low in cost, pollu-
* D
respect to the rhysmoid, ie., the aether. Thus the returned flux is now
at least two times the initial flux and thus the current re-induced in
the coil is also doubled. Therefore, the power in the return cycle is
at least squared or four times the initial power input, for an apparent
efficiency of 400?S. Experiments have shown that with proper coil conf­
igurations and switching times, the power ’extracted’ from the gravity
field in this type of process can be many times the energy required to
initiate this interaction. This additional power comes from the in-
exhaustable resevoir of 'energy provided by the universal gravitational
field. Such effects have been demonstrated by many in the past.

B. Conclusions r
This very brief introduction to.gravitational energy and possible
energy ’extraction’ processes should provide some inputs to you to in­
duce you to become active_in these investigations. More on these aspects
will be provided in the future. Good luck with your experiments!

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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 11/24/94/-;

I• The 'Free Energy' experiment of 2/23/94 revisited.

In this simple experiment a small rectangular coil of about .5
henries (which was removed from an iron choke coil of 10 henries) was
oulse 'charged' directly from a 9-volt battery. The coil was connected
directly across the 500k ohm input of my vintage oscilloscope. In that
rough test I assumed an approximately equal time constant for the 'charge1
and 'discharge' cycles. It was pointed out by colleague Alastair Jouner
that the 'charge' cycle time constant would be somewhat longer than the
'discharge' cycle. <>hile I agree with this, it really did not affect the
conclusion reached in that experiment: that the energy content of the out­
put pulse was somewhat greater than the epergy needed to initiate the in­
put pulse.
L( -
=

TL_i = L'_/K2 ® 4 .5/6x10? .083 xlO"? 83us’

(JO) iL^ = Sy/Hj = 9/6x10? = 1.5 x 10~? 1.5mA, (max. )’

*hen 3<v3 is closed, the coil L^ will 'charge' up to. about^oj^of.

the 9-volt battery in abbiTtr 8Ous. .he maximum current in ‘the coil"wiTI
not exceed 1.5mA. Anile remains closed, the maximum H-field in
space is established by this maximum current of 1'. 5mA. ,
5. The 'discharge' cvc1e: 1 ‘

The time constant cannot be given directly here by Li/ since

the soace magnetic flux returns to coil L]_ essentially instantaneously
’.•■hen oat. is opened, however, a time constant will still be involved
since coil Lt is loaded ■••ith both ;.i and P.2. oxnerimently, the time
constant on 'discharge' was found to be about 1/4 the 'charge' time
constant or about 20us. ’.'his was oetermined through the oscilloscope.
J. Flux interaction:
in orthodox uM theory, the maximum current which could be re­
introduced (induced) in coil Ll woula be only the 1.5mA used to estab­
lish the original ;:-fielj in space. Thus, the peak
g- L li 2 S' -5~ * /.5~w/o~^ k/q3 = 37 5*^/^,^
4-+- 30 X- /c“ *
where t was that found in scope measurements, tsut the peak voltage
as measured on the scope was found to be in the order of 250 volts, or a
factor 6.7 times greater' The only possible 'error' here would be in
the assume : maximum peak fori of 1.5mA. Now rhvsmonic theory shows
that the return flux could also incluue some additional flux which would
be 'extracted’ from the earth's g-field. Thus in rhysmonics, the peak
a i could be tr.at factor of 6.7 times the initial de current of 1.5mA
or about 10mA! Now, , _3
£ = L At S' 161 5^/^
d-v A 3c x / o
which is the actual peak voltage as measured on the scope.
 Allowing for the differences in time constants between the ’charge'
and 'discharge' cycles, the adjusted averaged current in the 'discharge'
cycle may be about 10/4 only times the input current level. Therefore,
the averaged current level present in coil Ll (as developed by the .re­
turn flux from soace) would be about 3•75mA, which is still about 2.5
times the current provided by battery to form the original H-field
in space. In rhvsmonic theory, the additional return flux is believed to
have been supplied by an additive scalar flux interaction with the earths
g-field scalar flux. I had always speculated that the return flux would
be at least two times the initial flux and that it could be much_ higher
in snecial cases. There is'room for much more research here.

II. Conclusions:
The simple experiment of 2/23/94 (and^others-at previous times)
continue to show that the use of coils may be a valid technique for
extracting the latent snace_energy. primarily from the earth's g-field
in this oarticular case. It would be nice if more of you actually try
the experiment and determine if this is real or not. Take care----
ZE, 'MR/)' 1^
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0^) Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
March 27, 1995
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

I. Simple Solid State Oscillator Driver for mini-MRA Test

The simple GW signal ’excited’ oscillator design shown below was

originally made in 19^7 as a driving source for a high-level infrared
LED (at 40 kHz) and reported in an article called "A Practical Infra­
red Intrusion Alarm’’ prepared for Modern Electronics magazine. When
ME went out of businessj-the material was accepted by Modern Electron­
ics Manual and was published by them in January 19&9 as a supplement
to the manual/ It is a high efficiency oscillator (order of (SO-SO ^),
and thus ideal for driving a low-level MRA-type device, such as was
disclosed to you in the January 30, 199> C-Note.

A. The Circuit:

■ The circuit is basically capable of operating either in a novel

GW signal 'excited' sinewave mode or also in the conventionable astable
multivibrator mode-- simply by adjusting the feedback resistance, Rj ,
to its proper operating point for each mode. The original design of
the GWz excited sinewave oscillator used a shunt capacitor acro’ss the
output to feedback GW energy (in phase) to the input to sustain oscill­
ations. However, in this case I wished to use a capacitive LED device
as the output load, so I introduced some positive feedback via the 2M
resistance, R2 .
The GW sinewave mode will be seen when about 20:* (or less) of the
feedback voltage (eg., when the tap of the feedback resistance is at
the lower 205a of its resistance range) while the tap of the feedback
resistance will be at 60> or more of its range for comparator operation
and thus the 50'* duty cycle square wave output mode. In the original
tests, Gin was 180pF and Rf a IM potentiometer. This was done to keep
the output voltage high, but some devices tended to saturate under such
conditions. In the present test, both Cfn and Rf were reduced as is
shown here and the units ran essentially rail-to-rail without satura­
ting. The demo unit I have here is intended to run in the sinewave
mode only and to cover the range of 60-90 kHz only, so I made Rp a 50K
pot in series with a 56K resistor, and the feedback resistance, R2 ,
a 1.5M resistor in series with a 25K pot ( next to the 120K bias point
resistors. At my desired f0 of about 73 kHz, the LED can be driven to
full brilliance. Reduce R5 if you desire more light output.
II. Conclusions:

1. . This simple oscillator circuit (using a nine volt battery)

is not critical in parts values and can be designed for a wide range
of frequencies and efficiences. It is caoable of well over 100 mw
of RMS drive nower and thus is suitable to drive Mini-tvpe MRA-type
circuits, such as that shown in the C-Note of t/30/95*

2. It is planned to use this type of high efficiency oscillator

to drive a Mini-MRA in a’possible self-sustaining system. I am still
looking at several versions of Mini’s and will try the most promising
design in a compact self contained unit. I am looking forward to be
able to start operation with a battery supply, then remove the battery
when the system is stabilized. We’ll see-—and .let you know!
 "T^ '. ^'iTH H C )
y a.n<j €
L^i '• Low l^vef dei/ice
5y K Ld>x ‘. Hi'<ji\ device C3-0
Al i vi) -
 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
4/10/95
I. Mini-MRA Demo Ckt. #FE-6B

This demonstration circuit is essentially a breadboard unit and

may not be fully optimized, but it is capable of demonstrating over­
unity (OU) operation at low milliwatt power levels. The unit is built
within a.5" x 2 5/8” x 1 5/8” plastic box with an .aluminum cover plate.
All pertinent controls and test points are brought out to the aluminum
panel for ease in evaluating the unit over a wide range of operating
conditions. The novel built-in IC oscillator circuit eliminates the
need for an external signal generator unit for these tests. LED, is
a low level unit which serves as a pilot light as well as an indica­
tion that the oscillator is developing power over its design range of
about 60 to 100 kHz. The oscillator is powef'ed by a 9 volt battery
which is self-contained in the box.

II. .Initial Operation

1. Make sure the power switch (SWt ) is off/ pointing left.

Make sure the shorting pin is in TP2.
Turn the waveform control (W. F.) down (CCW).
Turn the frequency cohtrol-full up (CW). •
Turn the drive control full up (CW). *

2. Toggle the power switch to the right to turn on the unit.

The OSC. LED-i will light as will also the power output,
indicator, LED2. ———,&■

3. Turn the frequency control counter clockwise (CCW) to the

point of a sudden jump in power out as indicated by LED2J
This is the start of the typical operating range. Optimum
operation will recuire the monitoring of input and output
cowers (RMS).

III. Test Points

1. TP1 is used to monitor the drive RMS voltage, frequency, and

waveshape. Waveshape should be essentially sinusoidal, but
may reouire some adjustment of the W.F. control in conjunct­
ion with the frequency control.

2. TP2 is normally kept shorted, but is removed to allow insert­

ion of an RMS current meter to determine the line current of
the circuit.

3. TP3 is used to monitor the output waveform, freouency and

power levels as well as to add external load resistors. Down
to about 800 ohms of load resistance can be added without
affecting the LED2 load itself. If it is desired to use
resistive loads alone, one leg of'LED? can be opened up to
disable it. Similarly, one leg of LED]_ can be opened up if
, it is desired to disable it.

IV. Conclusions

1. This simple demo unit is very versatile and can be adjusted

to illustrate a wide range of power outputs and power gains.
2. Since it is a hard-wired breadboard, it is not recommended
that the perf board be pulled from its mounting posts to the
aluminum panel to avoid possible breakage of some hard-wired
connections.

3. The 9 volt battery is positioned at the bottom of the plastic

. case and the potentiometers. Be careful not to break the
leads of the battery snap in changing the units battery.

Comments
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 □- Cosmology Note
Newark, NJ

□ Dear Colleague:

I.
This may be of interest to you.

Do simple coils interact with space energy?

11/26/95

□ The simple experiment shown below shows some interesting effects

which can be observed on any oscilloscope, vintage-type or modern,
dome effects appear to be strong resonances which may be at the coils

□ natural resonance frenuencyT The coils tested were small windings

salvaged from old relavs, transformers, solenoids, etc., which used
manv turns of rather small size wire. The coils I used ranged from a-
bout. 300 to 1500 ohms of resistance. The scope was used at an AC innut
□ and generally with internal svnch.

A. Circuit $ bo-ri'

□
cosher pipe
□ re und

□ The coil used alone develops low-level signals at some resonant

freouency points. These tvnes of responses were seen many times in the
oast and were attributed to the GW signal detection capabilities of
coils. However, a short-Usiktenna ' of 3 to 10 feet in length increased

□ the responses substantially. Connecting the coil to the home wat^h-^'^

s”stem nines increased the responses to several volts peak-to-peak.

d. Responses -l
0 There are many different tvnes of responses to be seen. The most
pronounced is a possible coil resonance response (which ranged from a-

□ bout 5 kHz to 1 MHz, depending on the coil used) as is shown here:

□
□ This appears to be a nulse-tyne excitetion of the coil which then
decays exoonentiallv. So’^e coils I and freouencies) decav much more
slowly and thus look^wave packets. If the initial pulse is expanded,
then var”ing multiple pulses are seen, suggesting that the coil excit­

□ ation is from a continous process. Similar t'rne responses were seen

in doubly-shielded G'< signal detectors which were known to be inter­
acting with space gravitational impulses, dome ferrites placed in the
cores of these coils increase response (and tune it), but some others
□ actually seem to degrade t*-e performance. .:agnets seemed to have but
verv little effect on performance and coil orientation did not appear
to be critical. .Shielding of the coil in a steel ’cookie tin' appeared

□ to have no affect.

11. Conclusions

□ This is a most simple experiment which can be performed by most

of vOu. Perhaps it might be just a way to ’cohere’ the aether and thus
extract energy from it in a most simple way??? Perhaps from it we can

D
learn the secret of many F.E. devices, including the VTA, MRA, Swiss
and the various motor-generator devices? Mv oresent speculation
is that a small amount of 'leakage' 60 Hz (with harmonics) may be
’pumping' the coils in a parametric mode and thus extracting energy
from the manv scalar type signals present in snace; but there is a
strong possibility that it mav be extracting energy directly from the
aether itself? There is also the possibility that the pulses are from
strong LF radio stations, but I can’t imagine seeing several volt sig­
nals ( 3 to/o volts ok-ok) coming from radio stations at a great dist­
ance. However, I can understand the oossibilitv that 'weak' EM signals
could oossibly serve as 'Dumps' as soeculated above. However, local
AC feeder lines in a neighborhood could nossibly develop such levels
at low freouencies say 60 :'z ani the immediate harmonics, but such
higher levels at 5KHz and up seem to be. out of the question at this
time.
As usual, these soecuLations are intended to get vou to look a
bit further into these aspects. I look forward to vour remarks. Per­
haps some of you may come up with alternate explanations?

Regards,
GH
D
□
□
 n
B
August 8, 1995 0
New Energy News
PO Box 58639 '
Salt Lake City, UT, 84158 0
Att: Editor

Dear Hal,

Just some lines to clai'ify the purpose behind my Cosmology Notes,

especially with regard to the MRA, afid to comment, on some of the re­
marks made by Raymond Nectoux in the August 1995 NEN letters.
0
My Cosmology Notes are issued to a very few (less than 8) of my
colleagues who are versed in my cosmology (1), to keep them informed
of my limited activity here, and (2), to try to get them to also try •
D
some of the simple experiments, which may (or may not) contribute to
the New Sciences.
in NEN.
Thank you for considering these simple experiments
Perhaps there .may may have been some ’hands on’ experimenters
out there who actually4tried these types of tests?
0
While my primary interests are in cosmology, I also*have strong
interests in gravity and gravitation, as well as in the so-called
’space energy’ concepts, which are definitely a part ‘of• my cosmoilgy.
My interest in the MRA was instilled by the fact that*'! could, aee >. .
0
that gravitational ’effects were also probably invo-hved" herevMecZixaL •
reason for the crude tests simply was that my facilities, funds, and
time were severely limited. Without going into the details here, I
0
am now convinced that gravitational effects ara definitely a factor
in the operation of the MRA, especially the Mini'-MRA. In due time,
if interest in the MRA remains in NEN, I may prepare a simple article
expanding on my views?
0
With respect to Mr. Nectoux ’s many valid comments, I would like
like to clarify some of them:
With respect to using digital meters, such as the Fluke 87,
0
outside of their calibrated ranges, of course the absolute readings
would be quite inaccurate. However, when measurements are ::i; de with
essentially sinusoidal waveforms, and on a relative basis, where the
input RMS sinusoidals are comparable to the output RMS sinusoidals,
0
the relative power rains noted niav be quite valid. This has been con-
firmed in tests of one of my early prototype units (similar in general
to'that shown as Jkt. FE-6B in the May 1995 issue of NEN) by three
well-known professional labs (which I cannot name). These profession­
0
als, using sophisticated equipment and techniques, essentially veri­
fied my data vzhich was obtained , of necessity, by more cruder ways.
It should also be noted that the Radio Shack Item Mini-MRA test shown
0
in the June 1995 issue of NEN was tested at lOKHz, well withiruthe
range of the FluXe 87* and the performance was generally quite similar
to all the other cruder tests made at the higher frequencies. By the
way, Mr. Nectoux is correct about the Q of that circuit---it is about
D
18, (I used the wrong value for V„!).
With respect to the use of LED’s ---- they are primarily power
out indicators. However, the LED RMS visual output power can be cor­
D
rected to be comparable to the output power seen at DC levels. Thus,
on a comparative basis, the relative visual LED outputs could compare
quite well with that obtained with resistive loads.
There is such a thing as reactive power, we have a term for it,
0
var, and it is equal to VI sin' phil The Mini-MRA is generally operated
D
□-
at resonance or near resonance. ’"'ith the lower ’s seen vath the

D Mini-MRA, resonance is’ fairly broadband and not too critical compared
to the very high 9’s in the McClain-Wootan MRA. Under such resonant
conditions, reactive poxvers are essentially lossless, but the induct­
ive ’reactive power’ can be dumped into a resistive load by trans­
□ former action. For most experiments, the RMS_power can be rectified
to provide a DC power out. I have looked at many such DC outputs—
some being much better than others.

0 The ’final proof’ of. MRA action will be in a ’stand alone’ MRA
circuit of the self-contained oscillator type as shown in the May
1995 issue of MEN. One prototype unit, where the MRA output was
rectified in a voltage-doubler circuit and the DC output was then
0 fed-back (through a steering diode) to the DC battery source, resulted
in a ’self-sustaining' mode of operation where 'the Nicad batteries
(three AAA cells) were only very slowly discharged over a period of
^bout 1000 hours. V^thoufr—the feed-back, the Nicads discharged in
0 about 150 hours.
I plan here.
This will be the only remaining Mini-MRA test that
I have made another prototype circuit which will be
operated at 2-3 volts (two AAA Nicads), and thus will draw very little

□ oscillator power. I hope that once operation is stable, I would be

able to disconnect the Nicad supply and the unit may possibly cont­
inue to operate in the 'stand alone’ mode?? ‘

□ My final remarks are: • t.

(1) These simple .t££ts- were primarily aimed at gat-tihg-XhSs^j^^ •

0 ’hands on’ experimenters, with limited equipment and resources,

- to become more involved here.

(2) I believe that much of my performance results are dUe to

□ mv use of essentially resistive oscillator sources to drive
the Mini-MRA.

(3) I believe the MRA is for real, but needs many more inputs
by many more ’hands on’ experimenters, We wish them all well
and good experimenting!
Respectfully yours,
0
□
D
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SERENDIPITOUS DISCOVERY OF POSSIBLE
METHOD FOR OBTAINING 2-D ( TWO DI­
MENSIONAL) 'GRAVITY SHADOW' SCANS
USING SOMEWHAT PRIMITIVE TECHNIQUES
 I=*\ GREGORY HODOWANEC

August 30, 1991

Dear Bill,

I got your letter of 8/26 on the 29th and I am rushing all this
out to you so that you could have it by Sept. 3rd. Since your scan
of 8/23/91 picked up M8£ and the ’Flower in Virgo’ (see attached paper)
I am now sure that these are gravity ’shadow’ scans and thus will be a
most useful version of GW detections.

I was able to ’scan’ the moon back in early 1986 using a mechan­
ical scanning method with the continuous pen recorder as mentioned in
the April 19§6 Tesla article. However, the electrical scans and the
sampling method will be much more useful and elegeant when more fully
developed---as your rough-scans now show!

I am enclosing a simple low cost (old unit) planisphere of the

type I use (rather than the Phillips type). This is for your retention
and use. While this device is very accurate for my longitude of 74.1 W
you will have to add abotyt 32 minutes to the times shown for your long­
itude of 82.3 W for the times as determined from the planisphere. For
example, M8I arrived for me here on 8/23 at about 2:10 AM as per the
chart, but arrived at your location at about 2:42 AM or. 3? minutes
later! See your scan of 8/23 ! I have also marked with, circles^the
position of MSI and the^Galaxy Center on your planisphere. .

At present, I am trying to restir the interest of Bob Sickels,

who publishes the ’’Radio Observer”, a monthly ’publication for the radio
astronomers (amateurs). I am now keeping Bob informed of the progress
in GW techniques. I originally sent him the Ckt #275 when he was the
editor of ’’Radio Astronomy”, the Journal of the Society of Amateur
Radio Astronomers, (SARA). He had some problems with ’orthodox’ mem­
bers on SARA’s staff who didn’t believe in GW techniques. So he left
SARA to start his own magazine. Thus, he may soon be convinced on the
reality of these GW techniques and become involved again.

Bob has about 300 or so subscribers and SARA has about the same
number of members. Many are professionals, and also ’hams’ as well as
knowleadgeable experimenters. Many have contacted me in the past on
these techniques. More important, many have Rustrak recorders, and
thus are a natural to experiment here. Thus these groups would be the
ideal base to further GW techniques, and thus could help to further
advance this science-- they would have the interest and the equipment!

As I keep mentioning to you I cannot get more involved than I am

now---certinly not involved with a newsletter! I have the feeling that
a simple trial article on this will get Bob to become involved again!

Keep it up, Bill--- you are certainly advancing the GW art and I
sure appreciate it-- keep me informed! I remain,

With best regards,

Enclosures
 D
Research News-------

A Flower in Virgo
0
A 9-year survey has produced the first detailed maps of the Local D
Supercluster, providing new evidence about how the universe evolved
The northern galactic hemisphere—
that portion of the sky lying to the north
and redshifts of some 2200 individual
galaxies, are the first to show the super­
by as much as a factor of 2. for example,
and the proper motion of the Milky Way
0
of the Milky Way—is rich in bright gal­ cluster in three dimensions. They use toward Virgo biases the distance esti­
axies; the southern hemisphere is rela­
tively barren. For a generation or more,
astronomers have debated why. Their
Hubble’s law, which states that redshift
is proportional to distance, to derive
each galaxy's position in space. Their
mates by a similar factor—but the quali­
tative picture is incontrovertible.
It is also remarkable that the disk is
0
consensus today is that our galaxy lies at work will be published in the 1 June 1982 quite thin, he says. The ratio of width to
the edge of a much larger assemblage of
galaxies, a structure some 60 million
light-years across. They call it the Local
Astrophysical-Journal. The maps reveal
a surprisingly rich, convoluted structure
that provides new evidence about how
thickness is about 6 to 1. Moreover, the
random motion of the galaxies along the
line of sight seems quite small, less than
0
Supercluster. The northern galactic galaxies, clusters, and superclusters 100 kilometers per second. For compari­
hemisphere appears overpopulated be­
cause our own galaxy happens to lie
almost face on to the supercluster core.
formed throughout the universe.
In the third dimension, the new Tully-
Fisher mapk resolve-the band into a pair
son, our own sun is orbiting the center of
the Milky Way at some 220 kilometers
per .second.
0
The core itself is a swarm of galaxies of sprawling, flat, irregular clouds. The Tully is convinced that the clouds
lying 50 million light-years from the earth
in the direction of the constellation Vir­
go. Some 60 luminous galaxies and hun­
one to the north they call the Canes
Venatici cloud; the one to the south, the
Virgo II cloud. Together with the cluster
above and below the disk were stretched
into their current shape by the tidal ac­
tion of the Virgo Cluster itself. The tidal
D
dreds of nol-so-luminous galaxies are these clouds define a disk about 6 million forces operating today -'are mucLjloo
contained there within a spherical region
no more than 10 million light-years
across. (A similar volume centered on
light-years’ thick. The Milky Way and its
neighbors (the Local Group) lie in the
plane of the disk near the outer end of a
weak to do that, he concedes; the clouds
are tens of millions of light-years away
from ‘Virgo. But in an earlier epoch,
0
the Milky Way contains just two large filament of the Canes Venatici cloud. before the tiniverse had expanded to its
neighbors, the spiral galaxies in Androm­
eda and Triangulum.) One of the Virgo
galaxies, the elliptical giant M87, ranks
The “streamers" above and below the
plane are thin, cigar-shaped clouds with
their axes pointed toward the superclus­
present size, the clouds were much clos­
er and the tidal forces correspondingly
stronger. Tully estimates from this that
0
among the largest and most luminous, ter core in Virgo. the elongated clouds must have formed
such objects known; many astronomers
suspect that it harbors a black hole at its
center several million times more mas­
The most remarkable thing about all
this, says Tully, is that so much of the
superciuster is empty space: 98 percent
when the universe was about I billion
years old. (Estimates of its current
age range from 10 billion to 20 billion
0
sive than the sun. The cluster as a whole of the luminous galaxies are contained in years.)
is so massive that its gravity affects the
motion of everything around it—includ­
ing the Milky Way, which is known to
just 11 clouds, which together fill only 5
percent of the available volume. He is
the first to admit that the three-dimen­
The existence of the superciuster disk
implies one of three things, says Tully.
One possibility is that the galaxies of the
D
be falling in the general direction of sional maps may err considerably in de­ superciuster were much more widely
Virgo at several hundred kilometers per
second.
According to new maps prepared by
tail—the redshift-distance proportionali­
ty (the Hubble parameter) is uncertain
scattered in the beginning, and that their
current distribution in a disk is the result 0
R. Brent Tully of the University of Ha­
waii and J. Richard Fisher of the Nation­
al Radio Astronomy Observatory in
Green Bank. West Virginia, the Virgo
Tully and Fisher here
plat the density of
galaxies in the super-
cluster as projected
D
Cluster contains about 20 percent of the onto a plane that ap­
galaxies in the supercluster. A band of
galaxies scattered across the sky to the
north and south of Virgo contains anoth­
proximates the plane
of the sky. The Virgo
Cluster is apparent
in the center. The su-
D
er 40 percent. The final 40 percent lie to perchister disk, seen
either side of the band in long, streaming
clouds running outward from the core.
When Tully and Fisher plot these galax­
edge on, extends to
the left and right.
Distances arc
D
marked in millions of
ies as seen on the dome of the sky. the

D
parsecs (a parsec is-
cluster, the band, and the streamers re­ 3.26 light-years). The
semble nothing so much as a giant, factor h-' denotes
many-petaled flower. the uncertainty in the
Tully and Fisher’s maps, prepared af­ Huhhlc parameter; it

ter 9 years of measuring the positions

SCIENCE, VOL. 215, 19 FEBRUARY 1982
lies between I and 2.

003S-Wt75/SMei9-09»S01.aVO Copyright t 1982 AAAS 95.1

D
 of random motions and mutual gravity.
But such a configuration would be rela­
Almanac's Forecasts Questioned tively short-lived, says Tully. He finds it
difficult to believe that we just happen to
Anyone can make a mistake forecasting the weather, even the venerable be observing the supercluster at a special
Old Farmer's Almanac. Its forecast of a mild mid-January this year for the moment. Besides, such a model implies
East and South, when those areas suffered record cold, might be explained that the galaxies should have large veloc­
away as a fluky miscalculation. But the Almanac seems.to have a consistent ities perpendicular to the disk, which
record of erroneous forecasts. A recent study by two weather researchers seems inconsistent with the small ran­
suggests that you would not do much worse by blindly guessing about the dom velocities observed along the line of
weather than by accepting the Almanac's forecast. - sight, in the plane of the disk.
Professional forecasters have long voiced serious doubts about the A second possibility is that the visible
Almanac's predictions. Calling for “mostly clear, turning hot” between 8 galaxies are held within the disk by the
and 14 October 1982 in the Middle Atlantic states is such an absurdly gravity of an immense plane of dark,
detailed long-range forecast that most scientists think such prognostications /•invisible matter. This is not just science
useless. Even the monthly forecasts of deviations from normal temperature fiction. Such dark matter is found in
and precipitation seem overly ambitious. The Almanac's forecasting meth­ halos around the individual galaxies (in­
ods are hardly conventional either. "A secret weather-fore.casting formula cluding our own) and as an all-pervasive
devised by the founder of this almanac in 1792” has traditionally formed the medium within clusters of galaxies (in­
basis of predictions, according to a statement in this year’s edition. cluding Virgo). But this model would
Recently the Almanac's chief forecaster has come to depend primarily on tend to' predict large random motions for
“predicting the variation of solar activity and then determining the orienta­ the disk galaxies, which again seems
tion of the earth relative to that activity.” inconsistent with the observations, says
Whatever the details of the forecasting method, the results for one 5-year Tully.
period differ little from guessing, according to John Walsh and David Allen, The low random velocities alofig the
who are research meteorologists at the University of Illinois in Urbana. line of sight lead Tully to support the
Allen had become weary of hearing uncritical remarks from farmers about third possibility: that the disk, Hke the
the accuracy of the Almanac's forecasts, so he and Walsh compared 60 Virgo Cluster and the streamer clouds, is
monthly forecasts from 1975 to 1980 with the actual weather.
* Using the nearly as old as the universe itself. It has
records of 32 cities to describe the weather in the~Afmnn«c's 16 forecast not dissipated simply because theTnffP”-651
regions, they calculated a mean correlation between predicted and actual vidual galaxies are moving too slowly to
temperatures of .016. For precipitation forecasts, the correlation was .041. escape. ,
If the predictions had been perfect, which the Almanac has never claimed, This model is also in accord with pne
the correlations would have a value of 1.000; random guessing would of the major theories of the origin of
produce a correlation of zero. The Almanac correctly predicted whether the structure in the universe, the “pancake"
temperature or precipitation would be above or below normal 52 percent of model of Ya. B. Zeldovich and his col­
the time, Walsh says. A coin toss would succeed 50 percent of the time. leagues in the Soviet Union. Their idea is
Contrary to the Almanac's claim, long-range forecasts that are more that the large-scale structure began to
successful are made, although they are not made so far in advance. Donald form very early in the life of the uni­
Gilman, head of the National Weather Service’s long-range weather­ verse, long before there were galaxies.
forecasting group, reports that their monthly and seasonal forecasts of Clumps of primordial gas on the order of
temperature are correct about 65 percent of the time in winter and about 60 1013 solar masses or larger—supercluster
percent year-round. Precipitation forecasts, on the other hand, exhibit size—began to collapse by their own
“marginal" forecasting skill. They have a success rate of only 55 percent, internal gravity. Because of random de­
he says. viations from spherical symmetry, they
Interestingly, the Almanac fared best in its own backyard, achieving tended to evolve into sheetlike struc­
seasonal temperature forecast correlations of .47 to .62 in the northeastern tures, resembling pancakes. Turbulence,
states. Even these higher correlations could result simply from a few lucky viscosity, and shock waves then dissi­
forecasts over the relatively short 5-year span. Walsh says. A longer pated the kinetic energy of the infalling
sampling period would be needed to rule out the presence of any forecasting gas and the pancakes stabilized. Only
skill whatsoever, he notes. later did the galaxies form. The model
Even if the Almanac does not measure up to the modest achievements of thus predicts a structure very much like
conventional long-range forecasting, could it be predicting some of the what is seen in the Local Supercluster,
major weather extremes that stand out in the weather record? Walsh and says Tully.
Allen's comparison of a dozen periods of extreme weather with the The observations are less favorable to
Almanac's predictions revealed only three cases in which the Almanac a major alternative model, the gravita­
anticipated even the type of abnormal weather: in no case did its forecast tional clustering picture promoted in re­
approach the severity of the actual weather. cent years by P. James E. Peebles of
The most reliable Almanac forecast is the one-page, essay-style national Princeton University, and others. Their
forecast, according to Jud Hale, editor of the Almanac. It has been correct idea is that the galaxies formed first in
in a general way for the past dozen winters, he says. The rub is that, as Hale the early universe, and only then began
readily concedes, this forecast is too subjective to be verified statistically. to cluster. The problem is that this model
—Richard A. Kerr has no way to dissipate kinetic energy.
In the immensity of space the galaxies
• Testing the Farmer’s Almanac," Weatherwisc 34, 212 (October 1981).
are very small. They almost never col­
lide. If by chance they formed a thin
954 0036-8075/82/0219-0954$01.00/0 Copyriphl (t 1982 AAAS SCIENCE. VOL. 215. 19 FEBRUARY 1982
* sheet they would quickly move apart enough in the line of sight to know structure is without its problems in any
D
again. So it is difficult to see how gravita­ whether they lie on the front side or the case, notes Tully. Most important, none
tional clustering alone could have pro­
duced the kind of structure seen in the
Local Supercluster, says Tully.
back side of their supercluster. More­
over, the dim galaxies, which actually
outnumber the bright ones, are undetect­
of them can explain where the initial
density fluctuations came from. So in an
ultimate sense, no one really knows why
0
Testing these ideas in more distant able at great distances. It is only in the the Local Superciuster exists. But at
superclusters is more difficult, he says.
Outside our own neighborhood, individ­
ual galaxies cannot be located accurately
local superciuster that the census can be
relati vely-complete.
None of the models of large-scale
least, he says, we are learning how to
formulate the questions that address the
problem.—M. Mitchell Waldrop
D
0
Gene Transfer Yields Cancer'Clues D
Some cancer cells carry genes that transform cultured cells.
Researchers are beginning to isolate and clone the transforming genes
Using gene transfer techniques, inves­ genic are usually mutagenic, effecting that the transforming activity was locat­
0
tigators have recently shown that cul­ alterations in DNA. In the past, investi­ ed in a single discrete segment," Wein­
tured cancer cells derived from human
and animal tumors often carry trans­
forming genes that cause normal cells to
gators were not able to identify the af­
fected genes because they lacked probes
that could pick them out from among the
berg explains. “It was incompatible with
a series of genes scattered through the
genome acting- together to create this
0
acquire cancerous characteristics. The many tens of thousands present in a phenotype." Even in the best cases, the
experiments provide direct support for
what everyone has thought all along,
namely that gene changes contribute to
mammalian cell.
With the normal road to gene isolation
blocked, investigators, including Wein-
efficiency of gene transfer is low.-only
about one in 100,000 .cells successfully
acquiring a new gene. Sipce the probabil­
D
the development of many cancers. But berglificnjeoffrey Cooper of the Sidney ity of transferring"ohe-gene-fs-ki^eitji^; '
they do more than that. For the first
time, researchers are gaining the ability
to isolate, clone, and study in detail
Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard
Medical School, turned in the late 1970's
to “transfection” methods, gene transfer
mathematically unlikely that two or
morq unlinked genes will be transferred.
In morq recent experiments. DNA's
0
transforming genes from cancers that techniques that have developed rapidly from a variety of cell lines derived from
have arisen spontaneously or been in­
duced by chemicals.
- Substantial progress has already been
in recent years (Science, 19 December
1980. p. 1334). As long as the transferred
gene confers some detectable new prop­
human cancers have been found to trans­
form NIH3T3 cells. Weinberg's group
found this to be the case for lines derived
0
made in identifying the transforming erty on the recipient cells, the methods from colon and bladder carcinoma cells
genes carried by many of the viruses that
cause cancers in animals. Studies of
these genes, which are called one (for
provide an assay for its presence that can
be used in lieu of a more conventional
probe. Acquisition of a transforming
and from promyelocytic leukemia cells.
Cooper and Theodore Krontiris of the
Sidney Farber Cancer Institute obtained
0
oncogenic) genes, are providing much gene, for example, should alter the transformation with DNA's from two
information about the biochemical basis
of viral transformation, and possibly
about transformation in general. Never­
growth pattern and shape of the recipient
cells in a characteristic fashion.
In an early series of experiments,
lines of bladder carcinoma ceils. In col­
laboration with Mary-Ann Lane, who is
also at Sidney Farber, Cooper trans­
0
theless, the applicability of the viral re­ Chiaho Shih of MIT and Weinberg trans­ formed NIH3T3 cells with DNA from a
sults to the problem of human cancer
remains to be proven.
As Robert Weinberg of the Massachu­
ferred DNA prepared from each of 15
different lines of mouse cells that had
been transformed with chemical carcino­
line of mammary carcinoma cells, as well
as with DNA’s from a number of kinds of
malignant human lymphocytes. And Mi­
0
setts Institute of Technology (MIT) gens to mouse cells (fibroblasts) of the chael Wigler and Manuel Perucho of the
points out, “Hopes of finding viral
agents that cause human cancers have
largely been frustrated." Even though
NIH3T3 line. The results suggested that
some of the lines carried a transmissible
transforming gene. Shih, Weinberg, and
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory obtained
similar results with DNA's from two
lines of lung carcinoma cells and one line
0
viruses have been implicated as the
cause of some, mostly rare, forms of
cancer, Weinberg continues, “In gener­
al, it is likely to be the case that the
their collaborators found that DNA from
five of them, all transformed by 3-meth-
ylcholanthrene, caused the recipient
each of bladder, colon carcinoma, and
neuroblastoma cells.
Explaining transformation might have
been simplified if all these cell types
D
cells to be transformed at a frequency 10
cancers common in this country are not
going to have a viral etiology. If it is not a
viral agent, then what kinds of changes
in the cell are causing cancer?"
times higher than the frequency of trans­
formation by DNA from normal cells.
Weinberg says, “The DNA from trans­
formed cells functioned differently from
turned out to have the same transforming
gene. That did not happen, although can­
cers of a particular cell type may be
traceable to the activation of a specific
0
The evidence suggesting that they are
gene changes includes demonstrations
by Bruce Ames of the University of
California at Berkeley and others that
the DNA of normal cells. It carried
transforming sequences."
The transforming trait appeared to be
transforming gene. According to Wein­
berg. “The hypothesis, which is becom­
ing increasingly validated, is that each
D
carried on a single fragment of DNA. given type of tissue will have a charac­
radiation and chemicals that are carcino­
SCIENCE, VOL. 215, 19 FEBRUARY 1982
"The behavior of the DNA suggested teristic activated oncogene." Investiga-
0016-8075/82/0219-0955S01.00/0 Copyright'll 1982 AAAS 955 D
 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Aug. 23, 19° i
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

Are These Two-Dimensional Gravity ’Shadow* Plots ??

Bill Ramsay, an avid GW signal experimenter recently ran some un­

filtered GW signal scans using his copy of my CKT #175, but with a 27
ohm resister in series with each leg of the 2200 uF input detector cao-
acitance. This enables higher system gains and sensitivity with stab­
ility when using many recent vintage ICs. His recorder unit is a Rust-
rak unit having a 10 uA movement at 5k ohms and has a 2 second sampling
rate. “Che chart speed was one inch per hour. -This should normally on­
ly show a random noise type scatter plot. However, Bill noted much
'imbedded structure’ in thas-e scatter plots which appeared to him to be
either cosmic signals, possibly intelligence^

Looking over his many scans and his recording method, I am of the
opinion (at this time) that perhaps Bill has inadvertently obtained
two-dimensional plots of ’shadow’ responses. . This has been proposed
as possible by the writer in some papers and communications in the past.
The Rustrak unit, without filtering and at a slow scan speed would re­
spond to the many ’dynamic’ GW signals in the universe as a sort■of
’sweep frequency’ such as is used in scopes or the TV. Under the, 2
second sampling rate of_the Rustrak, the response would be, a scatter
plot of the signals, but"3hould not show structure. A^chntirTotrs^e*^
recorder would show only a filled in chart response. However, the
presence of GW shadows would change the scan rates, ie., showman in­
crease or decrease in meter movement (voltage) and1thus snouLd leave
gaps or holes in the scatter olot which would be related to the density
of the shadow masses which were being scanned. Thus we may have a sort
of ’picture’ of these dense masses as seen from the observers position.
The dynamic GW signals are providing the sweep frequency for these
scans. Some of the ’imbedded structures are shown marked by the writer
on an enclosed scan obtained by Bill. Much other structure can be
seen-- many apparent galaxies or even black holes?

These crude early scans seem to show a potential for a new type
of response for these detectors. The method can be further developed
with other sweep methods and sampling methods. Bill has apparently
showed possible feasibility here-- it is up to you researchers to ! eln
further develop these techniques—Good experimenting to all!
Best regards,

Enclosure

Comments:
I mi /S 6"d Q(fu ' /~o fp
 Cosmology Note #2£ CH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 10/20/91

Are these two-dimensional gravity clots of galaxy suoerclusters ???

Bill Ramsay of South Carolina recocted to me that on 8/6/91 he

had connected his GW detector 7175 through _a 3-diode off-set and a
21 Hz LP filter to a Rustrak 288 strip chart recorder unit. The slow
scan rate of 1 inch/hour and the 2-second sampling rate of the Rustrak
anceared to be developing many ’imbedded forms’ in the scatter clot as
made by this system. Bill surmized that these might be some sort of
cosmic signals. To this writer they aopeared to be similar to some of
the large scale clustering of galaxies as plotted by some of the opti­
cal astronomers.

Recently, the writer obtained a 1 mA Rustrak 288 recorder unit

(thanks to Bill PendergTTst of Tennessee) and was able to confirm the
’imbedded forms’ seen by Bill Ramsay. To further confirm that these'
forms could cossibly be two-dimensional plots obtained as gravity
shadows by this system and thus were ’pictures’ of the superclustering
of galaxies in this universe, the writer made a continous nine-day
scan with this system. 4 He used his stabilized GW detector ?/75, a two-
section diode offset, and a 10 Hz LP filter driving the 288 Rustrak
unit directly as a 100 mV meter. A 12 hour scan (at 1/2 inch/hour)

Conclusions: The ’scatter plots obtained over the nine day period
continued to show the ’imbedded forms’. These apceared to correlate
(and largely repeat) with many of the known superclusters of galaxies,
as well as many unknown structures. Some of the more pronounced
structures such as the Andromeda Galaxy and the possible black holes ??
in M-87, the Leo region, the Cygnus region, and the Gemina region,
also seemed to have a high order of repeatability. This investigation
is still in its early stages and it would be nice to have more of you
independant researchers look into this also. At present, I am aware of
only the two Bills (above) and myself looking into this aspect of GW
research. Bill Ramsay has much data on these aspects and is most active
in these researches but we need more to get involved here. If these
are.really gravitational shadow ’pictures’ of the universe, the pos­
sibilities here are awesome!
Best regards,
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 Cosmology No +-.e GH Labs '
11/11/91

Recent ’Gravity Wind* activity??

For about the past two weeks, it was noticed that there was an
increase in 1/f type 'nois.e’ as well as more solar flare activity, and
a return of very ’strange’ weather patterns. On Nov. 6th and 7th,
the Galaxy Center (and the Betelguese) regions were scanned again,
using the linear mode on the Esterline-Angus chart recorder to see if
activity here was responsible for the above effects. It was confirmed
that the former black hole type structure at the GC was ’gone’, but the
black hole type structure in the Betelguese region had undergone a
drastic change also! See the Note of 11/8/91. . It was then decided to
look at the GC and Betelguese regions with the Rustrak technique on
Nov. 7th. This is shown as Scan #1 on the attached sheet. The large-
scale variations at the GCT"showed up very well at the 10 Hz filter used.
However, in this scan, another effect showed up--- an apparent increase
in the earth’s g-field levels in the periods -of roughly 7-9 PM (A)' and
7-9 AM (B). This increase in g-field levels was also noted on solar
flare detectors, #8000A and. #8000B!
To further verify that the-increase in g-fields was real, a Rust­
rak scan was made with a 1 Hz filter on Nov. Sth. The increase in the
g-field, shown as B in scan #2, also correlated with an increase.in my
apparent weight on a spring scale system ie., a Hooke’s Daw. scale,
from a nominal weight of 177 pounds to 186 pounds, an apparent increase
of about 5% also! Duringr-this same period, thfe flare d-eterctar-s^^reu_ ■
off-scale at over 100 mV! A final Rustrak scan (Scan #3) was made on
Nov. 10th and 11th. Again the increases A and B showed up, confirmed
by my weight increase, the Flare detectors, and the general 1/f noise.

Conclusions:

Although I could not associate any particular mass to be respons­

ible for these ’effects’, I am surmising:
1. The effect may be associated with a massive ’event’ in the
Universe Center, in the general Leo region?
2. Since the effect is broad, covering 2-3 hours of scan time,
the only possible explanation I have at this time is that it is
due to severe ’gravity winds’ from the event at the universe
center. This is somewhat supported by the fact that there is
an increase in g-fields whether the suspected source is in ttp
zenith or nadir regions?
3. Such severe variations in the g-field over a sustained
period of 2-3 hours,- could affect our weather patterns. It
could also be responsible for the increased flare activity,
and it may eventually result in increased geological activity.

The Universe has been quite active in recent years. There is much
activity which can be evaluated with GW signal techniques. Now is the
time for many of you researchers to get more active also. Yes???
Note that the GC showed up better at the 21 and 10 Hz filters than the
1 Hz range. I would exnect that since the GO is a minor structure
compared to the massive large-scale systems seen with the Rustrak!
TH ft-L-
) Cosmology Note ~
GH Labs, Inc.^-^
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. December 1, 1991
Newark, NJ
Gravity Signal Astronomy with the Rustrak 288

Introduction: The basic GW detector unit, #75, as described in the

Jan. 1989 issue of R-E’s Electronic Experimenter Handbook, is generally
used in a linear mode of operation, with a-rather fast moving chart re­
corder speed on a typical pen-type strip chart recorder. In this grav­
imeter mode, the various cosmic signals, eg., the density ’shadows’ of
distant masses, or the'’impulsesv of the more dynamic cosmic events,
show up as ’modulations’ of the earth gravity field as measured at the
site of the detection unit. On the moving chart paper these signals
would appear as ’wiggles’ above and below the average value of the g-
field and thus as variations in the d£ levels of the detector output.
These responses reveal the presence’ of novae, supernovae, galaxy struct­
ures, black holes, etc.,_as is described in the many simple articles by
the writer.
Bill Ramsay, a new researcher to GW techniques reported to me in
August that in a special experiment he undertook where he coupled a
type #75 detector to a Rustrak 288 recorder unit, he serendipitously
noticed many ’imbedded forms’ in the scatter plot of the data points
as recorded by the general system shown in Figure (1). The writer has
since obtained a Rustrak 288 unit (courtesy of Bill Pendergast) and was
able to verify the imbedded forms seen by Bill Ramsay. To this writer,
however, the forms appeared to be very similar to the 'images of the
large and superclusters of galaxies as was noted by the.optical.astron- .
omers. Therefore, an^attempt was made to understand-.-hofc-the-s^s&gni of
Figure (1) could result in what appeared to be very much a two-dimen­
sional image of a small sector of our universe as ’drift scanned’ by the
rotation of the earth. This Note will report on some of t^ese thoughts.
The Rustrak 288 Chart Recorder: These rugged little units* are relat­
ively low cost and had served many monitoring applications in the past.
Thus many units are still available at small cost ($20-40) in some
surplus outlets. Many are used by amateurs in radio astronomy applic­
ations. They are also useful in this application---at least for the
early stages of the development.
The typical Rustrak unit is simply a 1 mA meter movement in which
the needle pointer is free to move as in any other D’Arsonval meter
movement. There is no friction as seen in some pen-type recorder units.
The typical Rustrak unit has a chart speed of 1/2” or 1 ’’ per hour, a
very slow chart speed. The chart drive motor also drives a nylon gear
which keeps a spring-loaded bar mechanism off the meter pointer and the
chart paper until after a 2-second delay, and then allows the spring-
loaded bar to ’slam’ the needle against a roller-backed pressure-sensi­
tive chart paper so as to- create a dot (or data point) on the chart pa­
per. The needle position at that moment is dependent on the analog out­
put signal from the detector section. The typical #75 GW detection cir­
cuit, using a bipolar IC, has an output in the order of 1 to 3 yolts,
depending upon the sensitivity and gain levels. However, a diocle off­
set section can be used to eliminate most of this de level and thus one
can look at only the de variations, which could be in the order of 0 to
100 mV. The Rustrak meter (1 mA at 200 ohms) is used directly as a
0 - 100 mV meter, no multiplying resistor is needed. The detector gain
control may be used to center the response on the chart paper. Thus,
as the chart paper moves, say at 1/2” per hour, the meter output is
sampled at the 2-second rate. This creates a ’scatter plot’ of some
1800 data points per hour. Under these conditions there is much corre­
lation between the GV/ ’shadow’ densities and the scatter plot of data
points, giving rise to the ’forms’ seen in these scans. Since dense
 masses will tend to appear as ’holes’ or bare spots in the scatter plot,
ie*» the images are negative, that is, the chart records high density
*---mass as white, and low density mass as black.
Two-dimensional Detection Process: To understand just how the Rustrak
detection system may be operating, we need to review the GW detection
system itself. Basically, the GW detector (the input capacitor in the
#75 unit) is a scalar field detection unit. Its basic response is to
the earth’s g-field at the zenith-nadir line location of the capacitor.
If there were no other’scalar fields present in this line other than the
earth g-field, the unit would develop a constant output voltage if the
g-field remained constant. However, the universe is replete with many
scalar signals due to such cosmic events such as novae, supernovae, as
well as gravity ’shadows’, ie., density variations due to the presence
of massive structures in the universe. Scalar signals which are comp­
letely parallel, ie., in a direct line'with each other,'will interact
algebraically, eg., increase or decrease the'scalar potential, depending
upon the polarity of the potentials. In’rhysmonic cosmology, the uni­
verse is basically Eucl-idian in structure, thus the scalar vectors are
essentially straight line vectors over the entire range of a finite uni­
verse. Thus those vectors which are in line with the g-field will int-'
eract. In turn, the g-field vectors will interact with the electron­
ion structure of the dielectric of the detector capacitance, mainly
with the ionic portion.Therefore, the variations in the g-field will
result in variations in the E-field of the capacitor, and*thus could be
coupled out as current variations in the circuitry. In theory, this
interaction would be between one g-field vector and one.electron-ion
pair in the capacitor. Thus the interaction ’beam diameter’ is basical­
ly only in the order_p£ an atomic dimension or so, a very_fine resolul
tion, indeed. In practice, the interaction will be’between'mairy^^field
vectors and many electron-ion pairs, thus the ’beam size’ will be due
to a finite area and volume of the capacitor'dielectric, bqt still a
very, very small size. While some VLA type radio astronomy ’telescopes’
may be able to resolve, say a dime, at a distance of 50 miles or so,
the GW ’telescope’ should be able to resoke less than a pin-point at
even twice this distance! Thus GW techniques may have much potential
as a ’new window’ to the universe. The sketches of Figures (2) and (3)
should make these points clearer. -
A simplified view of the capacitor detector is given in Figure (2).
The detector capacitor here is a 2200 uF (lOvolt) electrolytic capaci­
tor having a roiled section of about .5” in diameter and .75” length.
Experiments have shown that only the center portions of these capaci­
tors are ’active’ in these detections, in this case about a .25” por­
tion. Normally, in the linear type detections, the capacitor orienta­
tions are disregarded. However, in the Rustrak application, the capac­
itor is oriented with its long axis in the North-South direction. The
reason for this is that the Rustrak application will not only respond
to the zenith-nadir line, but also to the small angle formed by the act­
ive portion of the capacitor along the meridian position. We do not
have to worry about responses along the latitude line, ie. the east­
west line, at the observing position since the earth’s rotation'will
effectively cancel out such responses. This will be explained in a
future Note. Figure (2) is largely self-explanatory, while Figure (3)
tries to give you an idea of the GW response ’sector width’ of the two-
dimensional plots seen with this Rustrak system.
Early Rustrak System Tests: Many scans of the universe have been obtain­
ed by Bill Ramsay and the writer in the recent past. However, shown in
Figure (4) are some scans made by the writer for this particular Note.
Since they were exploratory tests, they may not be the ideal tests,
but they should be able to illustrate some of the points noted here.
/ The scan shown in Figure (4a) was made with the system as seen in
Figure (1). Back-to-back diode pairs are generally used in the diode
off-sets since the detectors are usually biased with dual power supply
voltages and thus could have plus and minus output polarities. If the
output is only a single polarity, single diodes of the proper polarity
could just as well be used. In this particular test, a three diode
(pair) section was used to enable an increased signal output which
could be still recorded on the chart paper«_ The responses were__wi£li a
10 Hz LP filter and will be considered in the next section. Of-77^
The scans shown in Figures (4b) and (4c) were made with a MOS-type
detector unit which operated at +/- 1.5 volts. This unit had an input
jack which enabled insertion of other detection capacitors (or devices)
for special tests. In these two tests, a 15>000 uF (25 volt) electro­
lytic capacitor was used as the detection device in order to check out
the theory that the ’sector width’ inzthe Rustrak system was dependent
upon the length of the active portion of the' detector capacitance. The
15,000 uF capacitor was approx. 1” in diameter and 2.25** in length--
giving an active length~in the order of .75” or three times that seen
with the 2200 uF capacitor. In Figure (4b), a two-section diode off­
set pair was used as well as a 10 Hz LP filter. In Figure-(4c), the
two-section diode off-set was eliminated and a X2 inverting gain stage •
was added to drive the output levels to fill the Rustrak chart paper
with responses. The LPifilter was changed to 1 Hz to limit these re­
sponses to the more local clusters of galaxies. These responses are
also considered next.
Rustrak System Responses: The responses shown in Figure .(4) lead to
certain conclusions.
1. The resolution of the Rustrak system, eg. >„the s_ize_of!.the. ' •
’imbedded forms’ or the universe ’structures’ is independent'^TJT?Te
scan ’sweep’ frequencies or amplitudes, and even the chart speed, but
is dependent upon the LP filtering used. As' the LP filter, cutoff freq­
uency is increased, the unit will respond to the more distant universe
structures, and thus show up more structures and finer details in the
larger structures. However, the overall resolution is also limited by
the slow sampling time of 2 seconds and the finite size of data points,
the size of the' Rustrak ’dot*.
2. The larger capacitor does show a wider ’sector view’ of the
universe due to the larger active section of the capacitor, but to take
advantage of this, the system gain should be able to expand this sector
over the entire chart range. The scan of Figure (4b) has the wide sec­
tor width of the 15,000 uF capacitor, but the low system gain and the
use of a 10 Hz filter has ’compressed* all this data in but a small
section of the chart. Thus the scan is very much like an overexposed
photograph-- much of the data (dots) are overlapped, leading to an
essentially over-scanned data plot. In Figure (4c) the sweep ampli­
tude was increased to somewhat over the Rustrak chart size (it was pre­
set correctly, but the amplitude increased in some way when the actual
run was made). However, even here, the use of a 1 Hz LP filter illus­
trates very well, the somewhat larger structure sizes expected to be
seen with the more ’local’ superclustersI
Conclusions: While this is a somewhat longer Cosmology Note, the writ­
er wished to present the fact that while these investigations are in
their early stages, and crude at best, the potential for improvement
here is enormous. While the Rustrak technique will also be much im­
proved in the future, the writer will in the near future present some
thoughts on a mechanical scanned two-dimensional system which could be
adapted to an oscilloscope as a sort of ’live TV* presentation. What
is required now is to get more of you independent researchers also in­
volved here, as well as more amateur and professional optical and
radio astron-'-mers. Much is yet to be learned! Good luck!
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Cosmology Note GH Labs
2/1/92
Al Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

Demo Unit for 2-D Gravity ’Shadow’ Scans

While there has been-much interest expressed in the ’images1

seen in the Rustrak 288 recorder ’scatter plots’ (when connected to
GW shadow detectors) some have expressed interest in running these
tests with an ac power supply rather than with batteries. Therefore,
the writer has modified a GW signal gravimeter unit (Circuit #3000)
to operate as a 2-D shadow detector in conjunction with a Rustrak 288
chart recorder-- but with an external plpg-type ac adapter power unit,
such as are provided for various calculators and other consumer units.
Schematic circuits for this detector unit and an interface for the
Rustrak recorder unit are -enclosed.

The circuitry includes several variable.controls to adjust the

circuit parameters for various desired ’observation1 criteria. The
unit is intended primarily as a demo unit---to aid would-be research­
ers get started in these experiments-- and thus has only limited ad­
justment controls. The internal LP filter is fixed at about. 10 Hz,
but can easily be changed with a change in the value of the shunt cap­
acitance. Since many ac adapters are not highly filtered,, additional
power supply filtering was incorporated within the unit. .To increase
the circuit stability, buffer sections were also included.. An R^* of
Ik ohms (variable) was aT^b included to help stabilize''‘sbrne ^eteCTxrr^
IC devices. Therefore, with prudent adjustment of these parameters,
the experimenter could ’observe1 a wide range of cosmic shadoys, with­
in the limits of the resolution of the Rustrak recdrder unit.* You are
referred to the earlier Notes for more data on these topics.

I hope that this material remains of interest to you and it helps

you in your own experiments in these areas. Take care---

Enclosures

Remarks:
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 Cosmology Note GF Libs
Newark, N■
Dear Coilearrue: This may be of interest to you. 6/15/92

Some Recent Experiments:

Bill Ramsay of South Carolina issued a brief on 5/30/92 on some

of his most recent experiments. These exneriments concerned directlv
driving a Rustrak chart recorder with a ELF function venerator. Best
results were obtained with, a triangular waveform. Some interesting
effects were seen at .25 Hz and some other effects were noted at 3 Hz.
At 3 Hz Bill noted a strange 'din' in response which reoeated at an­
other time also. A very similar type ’din’ was also noted by the writ­
er as is seen in the gravimeter response Shown in Fi^-ure (1).

The typical ’structures’ seen when a gravity detector unit is

couoled to the Rustrak chart--recorder unit is shown in Figure (2).
In this case, the ’random’ sweep frequency to the recorder unit is
provided by nova and supernova detections as developed in the detector.
Therefore, there is not much Possibility for ’artifact type’ responses
to develop due to sweep timing and the Rustrak sampling timing. Thus,
the unit will resnond mainly to the gravity variations as seen by this
detection unit. ’

However, with a function generator providing the sweeps frequency

and the Rustrak proving the sampling times, the possibility* of seeing
artifacts developed are greatly increased. These will be..sdmewhal^sj™-
ilar*°the Lissajou’s patterns seen on the oscilloscope. The writer made
a test run with a ,8 Hz triangular waveform and the response is shown
in Figure (3). The ’patterns’ are quite evident.* However, the possi­
bility still exists that the special D’Arsonval meter structure used
in the Rustrak unit might also be responding directly to some scalar
signals. This is conjectured since some of the responses seen may
not be ’artifacts’, for example the response seen at A in Fi^re (3).

Again, as Bill remarks, these investigations get more interesting

all the time---we need more of vou to get involved here also.

Best Regard,

Remarks:
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/ ' Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 7/19/93

A. Recent GW Signal Scans:

The recent spate of bad weather in the USA and elsewhere is quite
unexplained in conventional science. In the past we had associated
some ’.strange’ weather with unusual GW signal responses. We decided
to look into this a bit since we noted:
1. A noticeable•increase in the 1/f background noise on the various
GW detector units in recent months. This was also accompanied by some
unusual variations in the averaged earth g-fields.
2. It was also noticed that the unusual weather patterns and the
earthquake in Japan appeared to be centered around the 40° to 42° N.
Latitudes. This is also in the general area, of the Cygnus region of
the sky a known very active region optically and gravitationally!
B. Initial ’Look’:
We began our ’look'1’’ by running a continous 5-day 2-D scan of our
meridian with Ckt. #75 coupled to a Rustrak recorder. The purpose of •
this test was to see if we could ’see’ any obvious repeating ’struct­
ures’ in this scan period. Since each scan covers a slightly differ­
ent region of the universe each day, only very strongly repeating
structures were liable to repeat. Such a repeating structure seemed
to occur at about RA of 19 hours and 20 minutes, and since it was al­
ways in the center of our scan sector, the probability was that it was
in our zenith, ie., in the Cygnus region! With the 2-s’econd sampling
rate of the Rustrak recorder, it is at best crude, but’.a definite
structure appeared atr-^-his location on each approximate!y-midwigixtk. •
scan, where this region was in our zenith! It is hard to see this
structure, but when the chart is held at the.correct distance it can ■
stand out as a dark center with a white ring around it. It presently
appears to possibly be two black holes (?) in orbit about ‘each other,
as the scans seem to change relative angles each day. Two scans from
this test are shown in Figure (1).
This same region was also ’fast’ scanned with the Esterline-Angus
recorder unit, using the same experimental set-up. This is also shown
in Figure (1). Here it also appears to be possibly two,black holes
in close orbit? We have termed this structure Cygnus’H'and will follow
it further as time permits.
C. Retest of the Galaxy Center:
The last ’look’ we made of the Galaxy Center using the ’fast’ scan
was better than a year ago. At that time, the GC ’hole’ had apparently
’evaporated* and only showed a very faint trace of its once magnificent
’depth’. Shown in Figure (2) is the most recent scan of this region.
It seems to show that mass is recollecting there but it is far from
being a black hole yet. We will rescan again in about six months.
D. Retest of Geminga:
There has been some reference to a soft gamma pulsar in Gemini.
We had observed a black hole structure in this region for the past
several years. However, our structure appeared at an RA of around
7 hours and 20 minutes, and the recent scan of this area shows our
Geminga to be alive and well!
E. Conclusions:
The preliminary tests given here appear to show that GW signal
astronomy techniques are alive and well also, and it is sad that they
are not being more aggressively used we could learn more about our
universe, and also, note that these signals are now, in real time, and
are affecting our Earth as well as the universe in ways which are not
explainable in conventional science. If these affects are responsible
for our midwest floods, there is little we can do about it, but at
least we may know why!!I n.
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 Cosmology Note

Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

A. Further follow-up on Notes of 7/19/93 and 7/22/93.
On 7/23/93’ and 7/24/93 the earth G-field measuring gravimeter,
Ckt. 1400C, was used to look at the overall changes in the g-field us­
ing a highly dampened gravimeter. Ckt. 1400C is a two stage unit de­
signed around the TLC272 device and is powered by four C-cells in ser­
ies. The detection device is a 470uF electrolytic capacitor. The LP
filter has a cut-off around 3 Hz. The response was recorded on the
Rustrak recorder and was essentially a line-type response which showed
the typical +/- 3% sine/cosine curve in g-gield response in a 24 hour
period due to the earth’s rotation with respect to the rest of the
universe. However, bits of ’scruff’ show up in this response. Some
sparse scruff appears when the detector nadir position is in the dir­
ection away from the plane of our Galaxy, but this was expected. Yet,
more defined 'scruff’ was seen whenever the Lyra-Cygnus area or the
Bootes area was in-line^with the units nadir line.' It was decided to
look further in this with the ’gravity wind’ detector unit, Ckt. 8000B..
B. Ckt. SOOOB response
Preliminary tests appeared to show that strong ’gravity winds’
show up on unit 8000B, both in terms of output voltage and in audio
’surf’ sounds, whenever4the Lyra-Cygnus - or Bootes regions are on the
units nadir line or nearly so. These same regions also show a possible
2-3^ decrease in earth gravity as measured on a mechanical gravimeter,
a sensitive postal scale, when they are under the earth,.and a similar
increase when they are in the zenith region. This appears to show that
vertical components of^J gravity winds' (due to rapidly moving^jias.sjes
in these regions?) are affecting gravity as measured here! It is^con-
jectured that the horizontal components from some such 'events’ may be
much higher, and thus could have affected jet* streams and thus weather
patterns on earth. It is also conjecture^ that‘such ’windi' may have
’diluted’ the fine cometary material which was expected to result in a
spectacular August meteor shower this year?
C. 2-D tests with the Rustrak
Further tests of these regions are being made with the so-called
two-dimensional scans using sensitive rapid-scan gravimeter units in
conjunction with the Rustrak chart recorder unit. These tests are
still in progress. Some preliminary results are summarized: The Lyra-
Cygnus and the Bootes areas continue to show much structure, with some
of it quite repeatable. Some of the structures ’seen’ in these scans
are quite interesting and agree to some extent with some of those spec­
ulated upon by the optical and radio astronomers. However, I will only
summarize these results in the future; the actual chart records will
be kept intact for further study and future reference. Those of vou
who have Rustrak recorders can construct the simple circuitry and run
similar tests. You may be surprised on what you may 'see'.
Conclusions
This will be the last Note of this series. An analysis of the
information gained in the many 2-D scans now going on may be prdsepted
in a future Note. We need more active researchers here. It will be
up to you experimenters and amateur scientists to lead the way until
the ’professional' with their huge fundings get involved. Go to it!
Dear Colleague:
Cosmology Note
This may be of interest to you.
GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Aug. 25, 1993
0
I. Recent 2-D Type GW Observations
0
During the past month a number of tests were made on two Rustrak
chart recorders using several GW signal detectors and under various
test conditions. Some tests were highly filtered and thus only showed
highly averaged g-field variations. Others, less highly filtered, not
0
only showed much g-fleld level variations, but also some 2-D (two-
dimensional) sector scans.
2-D type scans.
Still others were adjusted to show only the
The Rustrak chart records (covering days in scan per­ 0
iods) are now being more carefully analyzed, and will be retained as
complete records, ie., uncut. Howeverr some tentative conclusions can
be made from these records and are reported.here. 0
II. Conclusions

1. The highly filtered GW signal tests showed only the typical

sine/cosine response in a 24 hour period, but some ’scruff’ was seen
n
at various time periods. These scruff regions were associated with
known active regions in $he zenith-nadir line at this location.
2. Reduced sensitivity, but expanded scale, 2-D type plots on the
o
Rustrak units continued to show much structure of types known to exist
in optical and radio astronomy, as well as some only speculated upon by
these observers. There were also many structures which.are only ’seen’
in these gravitational^signal plots and thus unknown as yet tq_ the op-'
o
tical and radio astronomers! It is concluded (with about aTZS^^brnfi-
dence level) that these are truly gravitational ’views’ of our universe
and thus are ’new windows’ to the universe.
3.
* ,
The most interesting Rustrak observations were made at the more
D
nominally filtered GW signal levels which not only showed much 2-D type
structure, but also responded to ’local’ variations in the earth’s g-
field (due to a number of variables, both cosmic and nearby). The rough
D
analysis made thus far appears to indicate that these are variations in
earth’s g-field which seem to be due to cosmic effects, mainly ’gravity
winds’ which are also quite apparent in the audio responses of these
signals. It was also noted that a local ("cyclonic) type storm had a
0
very strong effect on local gravity. For example, the localized storm
of early August, which dumped 4-S inches of rain in the metropolitan
area of New York City, sharply increased the gravity in the author’s lab
0
area about 5% when it approached, and it only slowly recovered from
this level several hours after the storm had passed! While some may say
that this was due to the many falling rain drops (no lightning was seen)
,but it may have been more likely related to the tremendous energy
D
content of this storm cell?
4. As has been observed in the past, the L.P. filtering used in
these tests tend to limit the system response out to definite distance
ranges in space. Very long time constants tend to limit responses to
0
events which are more ’local’, say out to a few million light years a-
way. However, reduced time constants will follow the more rapidly
changing GW signals as the detector ’beam’ sweeps the more distant e-
D
vents more rapidly. The obvious next step here would be to design a
low-Q adjustable bandpass (B.P.) filter which would thus ’scan’ a very
definite distant segment out there in space.
5. The B.P. filter technique should make it possible to obtain a
0
3-D (three-dimensional) gravitational picture of our universe. Such
scans, made over a period of years, should be able to gravitationally
’map’ our universe in great detail. Rather than using the random scan-
0
0
a
ning by nova and supernova ’events’, which is believed to be our pres­
ent technique, it should be possible to use other random techniques,
coupled with computer plotting and analysis, to obtain even more re­
fined ’views’ of our gravitational universe. Present gravitational
observations appear to correlate with much of our present optical and
radio observations, if allowance is made for the great time differences

o in the two techniques.

Comments

o It may be sometime before I will be able to really go over the

many weeks of data I now have. Presently, the tests are halted. My
time, facilities, and funds for this are quite limited. Thus I hope

o that some of the tentative remarks ma<je in the Note may spur some ad­
ditional interest and effort in these observations. As you all know,
I strongly feel that these results are real and I’m sad to note that
very little effort is being expended here. Bill Ramsay has been active
o here, but his time and funds are also quite limited.
’observers’ here.
We need many new
For those of you who have Rustrak units, the circuits
are simple and low-cost, while the Rustrak can do the ’observing’ with

o really no attention needed by you. Since the ’beam size’ is so narrow

and the earth is always^looking at a slightly different portion of our
universe, the plots are always seeing something ’new’. However, at the
same filter setting, the unit appears to see massive structures on a

D more or less repetitive basis. Good luck with your tests!

Best regards, V “

o
o
o
o
o
o

0
□
0
 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. Nov. 30, 1993

I. The Lunar Eclipse of November 28, 1993.

A. The lunar eclipse of 11/28/93 was visible here at Newark, NJ

from about 11:40 PM to 2:50 AM, with totality occuring from about
0
1:02 AM to 1:50 AM. Since our GW detectors ’look’ at but a small N-S
segment at our zenith with the rotation of the earth, then at about
12:00 midnite we would be only seeing a small portion of a partial
eclipse in terms of gravitational effects. There would not be much
D
change in the earth’s g-field since the moon and sun would be at the
opposite sides of our position on earth '-and thus gravity effects would
largely be nullified. However, past experience has shown that ’near'
0
masses such as the earth? moon, and sun would have a 'filtering* effect
on GW signal responses, ie-.they tend to ’smooth out’ some of the
fluctuations seen in the GW responses. Thus, a scan was made during
this eclipse with the hope of at least 'seeing' this smoothing effect.
0
B. An estimate was made for the time the real sun would be on our
zenith-nadir meridian lina' during this eclipse period. The mean sun,
of course, is supposed to be on this line at 12:00 midnite (for my
D
longitude). However, we must correct for the equation of time (at this
time of year) which puts the real sun on this line at about 12:13 AM.
Again, correcting for the sun’s light travel time of about 8.3 minutes,
0
we would expect the real-^un to actually be on our meridian -at—•
12:04 to 12:05 AM. Based upon the optical eclipse, a small portion of
the moon is also on this earth-sun alignment. Thus, during the time
period of 12:04-12:05 AM we should expect to see some gravitational
0
effects, eg., some smoothing of GW signals.

C. To observe this possible effect, I used Ckt. #300B at the 0

xlO range with low gain, a 4-diode offset, and a 1 Hz LP filter. The
observations were recorded on a Rustrak chart recorder at a speed of
1/2 inch per hour. At this low gain level, the chart response was
about a 1/16” thick trace with possibly 1/64” of scruff appearing
D
above and below this more or less solid trace. The system was run
overnite and the chart was inspected in the morning.

D. Chart Responses: An expanded portional ’view’ of the recorded

D
chart response is redrawn here. A copy of the actual chart does not
always reveal the details seen in the originals. I am retaining the
original for future reference.
II. Conclusions

1. Eclipses in terms of these GW detectors are ’seen' only when

the moon-sun-earth are all on the observer’s meridian line. This
eclipse was observed only as a very partial eclipse and thus only as
asmoothing.out of scruff with this partial alignment on this meri­
dian. Even if better alignment was had, it would not be as impressive
as a solar eclipse would"have been.

2. The gravitational interaction period apoears to be only from

about 11:58 PM to 12:10.AM.

3. A small white dot (indicating a dense mass) was also seen at

about 12:04-12:05 AM , somewhat south of my zenith-nadir line here.
This could possibly be the sun's core, which could have been enhanced
since it appears under the earth!
 ' - „ -
•
’ Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ ---
0
• ' • May 12, 1994
'Z. Eclipse of May 10, 1994
A two-dimensional scan (2D) of the zenith-nadir area was made
during the time of the 5/10/94 solar eclipse of the sun by the moon.
[1
’Ckt.#300B was used with 21 Hz LP filtering and a 4-diode off-set to
drive the Rustrak 283 chart recorder. The output level was keot low
to limit the scan width to about 1/4 inch only. The scan period was 0
unattended and shut off when I returned home about 3:30 PM EDT. The
results are‘given belowL the actual scan and an enlarged portrayal of
what could be seen in the scan, since it is difficult to reproduce bv
a copier the details in the original.
D
sjjoJW'. Sain.
esr

fitter-cl Ht
0
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4 o
It anpears that this scan did pick up a 2-dimensional .v.iew of the
eclipse as it nassed through our meridian here. The sun-.transited our %
meridian here about 11^54! 24 EST, corrected for the equation^of ^lme .
o
and the 8.3‘ minutes of ER transit time. This was roughly in agreement
with the actual scan times seen above. The sun's 'shadow' is more
circular and smaller than the moon’s here since the moon was, moving
a
more raoidly than the sun. This also resulted in1a more elongated
response for the moon's shadow. Since both the sun and moon were in
our zenith area, there was a reduction in gravity here, resulting in
the 'darker' response for the sun and moon compared to the general
D
background response. The reason for a 'white ring' around this dark
spot is unknown at present. Several other resoonses were noted here.
The response shown at B appears to also be oossibly in our solar svs-
D
tem and nerhaos another planet, but I do not have any knowledge of a
olanet beinr in this area at oresent. The collection of responses
seen at C may be extragalactic, under earth, and in the general dir­
ection of Auriga. Such collections are often seen in these scans and
D
are in reneatable areas. The interesting resoonse seen at A also an-
oears to be extragalactic, under earth, and in the general area of the
constellation Virgo. It is oretty much on the meridian of the large
galaxy M-87 as seen today but this response is now and not the many
0
eons ago as seen in the EM responses! This structure has been 'seen'
here before and some similar type responses were seen in the nast in
other areas.
D
Conclusions
1. Gravitational 2-D detection techniques appear to have detect­
ed the solar eclipse of May 10, 1994 as it crossed the meridian here.
D
2. While the sensitivity of the detector may have been set too
low, the response indicated some other structures which were also
noted in the oast. 0
3. It anpears that this technique is a viable new window to the
structure of our universe. It is a shame that there is still very
limited activity in these efforts. 0
Greg Hodowanec
0
0
□
0
It had been reported to you in past Cosmology Notes that the Gal­
axy Center, which had a rather small dense mass previously »noted there
(a small black hole ? ) had ’captured’ a close-by large mass to develop

0 a more massive black hole (?) structure there.

December 6, 19S6.
This occured on about
This structure remained fairly stable until June
4th, 1991, when this structure was serendipitiously caught ’exploding’
and thus eventually ’disappearing* in terms of GW signals! A GW scan
0 made on 8/3/91 (and some subsequent ones) showed only a ’trace’ of the
former deep ’hole’ at this location, with signs of several strong shock
wave fronts proceeding from this location. These shock wave fronts

D would certainly have affected other structures in the Galaxy, and as

I surmized, our weather patterns here on Earth! Thus, as I reported to
you, I expected even more ’disturbances* to be present here on Earth!
The Galaxy-Center was not ’fast scanned* again, until 7/19/93 and

□ 7/23/93 as had been reported to you in C-Notes. These scans, which

were made when the GC was under the earth, indicated that the GC was
again re-collecting mass there. The structure there is quite massive,

0 but far from being a black hole structure yet.

A follow up scan was made of the GC recently, with the results as
shown above. Again, the Galaxy Center appears to be still re-colle.ct-
ing mass there, and will probably become a black hole (?) in the" long
future.
Conclusions: Since these gravity scans also respond to many other
’events’ seen on the observer’s meridian, it may take many scans of
this region to more accurately determine the true structure there with­
0 out the ’swamping’ effects of the other events which may also be in­
advertently caught. The writer is unable to do all this alone! Thus,
there may be much information being- lost here which could be of great

0 use to mankind. We need more interest here!!!!

0
 Cosmology Note GHLabs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest you. 9/9/94

Juoiter-Comet Collisions

/VeuMrk, ACX £ r
"Si>fitter- Com 4 Jmp^ct ? - /.
• ' •

tCKr: 3M& ^-P- fy'Her

A 2-D scan of the writer’s meridian area was made from about
1:00 PM EST on 8/18/94 to about 4:00 PM on 8/22/94. The intent here
was to see if there would be a possible interaction of the collisions
show up here. The scans were made late only after the optical ob-
ervations showed that the ‘hits’were proceeding on schedule and were
quite pronounced. With the availability of much Jupiter-Comet data ,
provided the writer by Bill Ramsay, the writer was able15 to. po.^v.er his
recorded scan data a‘nd“noticed that, only one possible interaction"
aooeared in this data and that is reproduced above. Since the Rustak
scan data does not reproduce well, the details seen in the.original is
>~iven in sidebars above. 1

The resolution of the Rustrak 2-D scans is fairly crude, but some
observations and speculations are presented here:

1. Jupiter during this time period was reported to be at apnrox.

RA = 14 Hr 13m and a Dec. of -12° 10’ . This would place Juoiter on
8/18/94 on my meridian at approx. 6:23 PM EST according to my relative
ly accurate nlanosuhere chart.

2. According to astronomical data (supplied by Bill) the optical

response for Comet Fragment F=16 could be expected also to arrive at
my meridian at approx. 7:06 PM EST.

3. Allowing for the light travel time of approx. 43 minutes for

Jupiter’s distance from Earth at this time, it is now speculated that
the resoonse seen at ’A’ above is the ’instantaneous' GW signal seen
from this Impact, while the response seen at ’BT is oossibly a jund-
ranole ’Einstein’ GW signal response from this same event. It Has al­
ways been suspected that my GW detectors would not only respond to
Newtonian impulse type GW signals, but also to ’fast’ ouadrapole type
Orf signals as well. There were hints of this in the past. Perhaps,
these responses seen above are quite real and verification of both of
these responses??? More work is needed here than what I can do alone’
 DETAILS ON ’GRAVIMETER' UNIT, MODEL 900B,
CONSTRUCTED BY THE AUTHOR AND SENT TO
BILL RAMSAY FOR DEMONSTRATION PURPOSES
AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
'•AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCE­
MENT OF SCIENCE” (SWARM DIVISION) HELD
AT MESA STATE COLLEGE MAY 17-21, 1998,
IN GRAND JUNCTION, COLORADO.

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GRAVITY IN A DOWN SCALE DIRECTION. BELOW ARE MODI­
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THEREFORE SHOW SUCH INCREASES AS INCREASES IN THE
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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 4/4/96
I. Still more on the simple coil test.
A.Basic coil test:
As ner my C-Note of 3/30/96, it appears that my coil test perform­
ances might be related to the use of power transformer-type HV power
0
suonlies in both of my scones? v/ith the use of un-bypassed primaries,
there is a large voltage .’spike* of very low current which couples a-
cross the capacitance which exists between the primary and secondary
windings? This appears to be the ’source' of my ’leakage’ pulses!
0
B. Circuit as analyzed:

/ 7 / 77
<---- Assume:
L = Ih
0
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t Hat'
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L = 2 7TfL = 377 ohms
Reactance ^T ~ pQ---
(f=60 Hz)
9 x 106 ohms
0
C. Simplified eouivalent circuit: £ 0
Note; The input (e) will be high
in voltage but only microamperes
in current!
0
At 60l!z, this circuit will be basically a high^nass filter with a
time constant TP = L/R =
C
1
-om#-
. = 1.1 x 10“' seconds. D
Since © is much greater than Eout, the network is also a different-
i a tor as well (’-’hen L is small and R is large).
II. Conclusions:
D
1. when the coil, L , is driven bv(e) , the innut pulses will
’rin'7’ the coil but this ring will decay as ner normal theorv.
2. However, in terms of rhvsmonic theory, the innut pulses will
not onlw ’rinr’ the coil, but the coil will also 'ring* the Universe
0
(or a4- least the earth-ionosphere complex) and thus it will build-un
into ‘ se it-sustaining 'ring' ns was .c ieculated many times before!
A tvnic'il resnonse is shown here: D
A--- f----
D
J <t / Si hu sci dal'!)

used in the coil.

e in tests when no ferrite was
With the use of a ferrite insert (a normal tuning
0
sere’-.’ '"errite), the output is much enhanced and the resnonse is nuite
sinusoi:nl when resonant conditions are achieved. For this sustained
coniition, the circuit must be ’extracting’ some additional energy,
0
either from the aether or a scalar field condition in the earth-iono-
sohere complex? Thus, such mechanisms might be involved in the JJRA,
VTA, and the Swiss M-L-C device? Room for much more research here! 0
(Continued next sheet)
0
□
III. Some further thourhts:

□ The simple canacitor-diode circuitry as show in the O-Note of

3/2F/96 (usinr hr. Faile’s circuit and my version of it) mirht also be
activated by ’snace* or ’leakage' fields of some sort. In my case,
0 this was Provided by my scope system as discussed above.
pulses are also highly differentiated as seen here:
The innut

□ O pa-no ee
1 '

□ and are occurinr at the 60 Hz rate, but no ’rinrin.r’ is involved.

This circuit is also a low-pass filter and an integrator so that there
is summing of the output nuises involved. However, expansion of the
pulses show that there appears to be an interaction with some other
energies (as random HF nuises aton the pulse neaks) so that even this

□ simple circuit mirht also show some nower rains!

further research here!
Also much room for

IV. Final comments:

I anolorize for the crudeness of these tests and reports. They

are beinr done very ouickly and snoradicallv here due to some circum­

□ stances here. However, I stronrlv feel that there mnv be more here
than anoears so far; but I must relv more on vour efforts to determine
just how real t^ese speculations may be,' but I will continue to ’look’
into such ’research’ as much as I can. Good exnerimentinr to all!
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OTHER MATERIAL, MOSTLY THE AUTHOR’S
"COSMOLOGY NOTES," ARRANGED MORE OR
LESS IN SEQUENCE BY DATES
□

□
 Cosmology Notes GH Labs

Rhysmonic Structure

The rhysmoid is formed of many individual rhysmons which are

interlocked as a matrix-type structure In a three-dimensional config­
uration. It is difficult to visualize this active structure except
in an ’instant’ of time, where the rhysmon’s ’position’ can be consi­
dered to be momentarily ’frozen’ in time. Consider a single rhysmon
in a planar ’orbit’ as depicted in Figure (1). This rhysmon is depict­
ed in six momemtary positions, separated in time at each position by
the Planck Time, T* *, of about 5*4 x 10~44 seconds. At each of these
’instants’ in time, the rhysmonic vector may be considered as a ’force’
directed tangentially to the radius of the orbit path at that particu­
lar instantaneous nosition. It should be remembered that when the en­
tire rhysmonic matrix structure is considered, each of the instantan­
eous rhysmon positions shown in Figure (1) would actually be occupied
by a different separate individual rhysmon of the matrix structure.
Therefore, the instantaneous forces as depicted there would construct
the typical hexagonal force structure normally depicted in this rhys­
monic cosmology. 'Alien the other rhysmons in an extended volume are
also considered, the forces present in each of the unit cell structures
will ’intermesh’ with the other cell structures and thus will build-up
to make the rhysmoid, ie., the vacuum substratum, or aether, of this
universe.
Rhvsmonic Forces

As depicted in Figure (1), the dynamic energy vectors of each

individual rhysmon will be directed in all possible directions in the
plane of their orbits as a function of each instantaneous time period,
but each individual rhysmon will return to its original vector direct­
ion after a time period of 6T* . Moreover, in the case of the three-
dimensional configuration of a basic matrix cell structure, as shown
in Figure (4) in the Monograph for a particular instant of time, the
dynamic energy vectors will be directed over every conceivable possible
direction in space during the course of the instantaneous positions of
each individual rhysmon in that same time period of 6T® • These impulse
forces in space will thus be a function of and related to Planck’s
Constant, h .
For an extended planar rhysmonic structure, or an extended three-
dimensional rhysmonic structure, the rhysmonic energy vectors will also
’interlock’ to'form universe-wide similarly directed (when not disturb­
ed) energy vectors in the universe. These, when aligned, will be those
instantaneous straight-line Euclidian-type vectors in free space which
are fundamental to the phenomena of gravity. However, any changes in
the energy density for the rhysmonic matrix structure will introduce
what will now be recognized as mass (matter) and fields (forces) by
man and his instrumentation. However, the undisturbed rhysmoid.-would
be ’unobservable’ since it exists as a oerfectfully balanced energy
system where all vectors are ’cancelled’ and thus can present no out­
ward effects.

What are Rhysmons?

What rhysmons may be or not be will be even more conjecture than

the present theory and thus that aspect will not be extensively consid­
ered here. It is difficult enough to describe the rhysmoid (or aether)
without introducing more questions right now. Perhaps, the rhysmon may
—1
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 Some Notes on the Gravity Detectors GH Labs (£'7/'
-- wv--------- Newark
1/3/91
Introduction

GW detectors #75, #175, and #275 (all exactly the same) were
built to originally ’observe’ possible Tesla-type resonances as
noted on some previous detectors at around 1 to 2 Hertz. A report
on this was made in an article submitted to the International Tesla
Society, but was never used by them. Due to the nature of these res­
onances, the unit had large by-pass capacitors placed across the +/-9
volt power supplies, and the amplifier section of the unit was made
a simple low-pass filter (with the .047 uF capacitor placed across
the 470k feedback resistance) having a cut-off frequency of about
8 Hz. The unit was intended to directly drive the author’s Ester-
line Angus Analog Meter strip chart recorder unit. This unit has a
0-1 mA movement (1.4 volts full scale at 1.4k ohms). An external
low-pass filter is also normally used with the detector unit.

Operation

The unit can be checked out with a low resistance voltmeter

(Ik or 2k ohms per volt) directly at the output of the filter. A
high resistance voltmeter (or a potentiometric-type strip chart
recorder) should measure the voltage drop across a 1 to 2k ohm load
resistance placed across the output for best results.

Remarks

The D’Arsonval meter type recorder units tend to ’smooth out’

high freauency components due to the inertia of the large meter
coil in the movement. Potentiometric-type recorders tend to repro­
duce much of the high frequency components which get through the
filters. The detectors were found to respond to much of the various
astronomical gravitational signals without noticeable distortion
(using .the D’Arsonval recorder) and thus the units were used as is
for much of the ’shadow’ and active astronomical observations.
However, the experimenter might wish to increase the cut-off freq­
uency of the amplifier low-pass filter from 8 Hz to about 30 Hz, by
changing the .047 uF capacitor there to .01 uF. The unit has high
gains and is capable of fairly large signal excursions (up to +/-.5
volts) in the range of output voltages of 1 to 2 volts or more.

Notes
 Cosmolorv Note GH Labs
Newark,
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 3/10/91

Stability in GW Detector Units:

It had come to the attention of the writer that many would-be

researchers in GV,’ detection techniques may have been discouraged by
the tendency of some circuits to develop instabilities or oscillations
at the high gain levels. This was particularly true when recently made
IC devices were used. These instabilities are believed to be due to
scalar-type signal feedback from the output circuitry to the input
capacitor detection device. Such feedback could be circumvented to
some extent by the use of a small capacitance, say less than 500 pF,
across the detector section feedback resistance-- but such ’degenera­
tion’ also results in significant loss of conversion gain. However, a
simple ’fix’ was reported to me recently by Bill Ramsay, a newcomer,
but very active researcher in these techniques.• Bill has found out
that a small resistance in the order of L7 ohms, in series with the
input detector capacitance, appears to stabilize many IC devices! The
writer has evaluated this and verified it to be very effective in
’squelching’ the unwanted feedback! To make the fix more versatile
(for many devices) the writer made the resistor variable, by using
a subminiature trimpot of Ik ohms as shown in Figure 1. This was
desireable, since some preliminary tests indicated that anywhere from
27 ohms to over 500 ohms may be needed for certain IC devices for an
adequate measure of stability.

Use of a small resistance for the input detection device is also

effective as a GW detection unit as was shown in Figure 6 of the R-E
Electronic Experimenter Handbook article of January 1989- However,
signals generated by a capacitive and a resistive detection unit are
180° out-of-phase in the output. Thus, any scalar-type signal devel­
oped in the output will also be 180° out-of-phase with the strong GW
signal developed by the main input capacitance and thus the system will
tend to ’degenerate’ rather than ’regenerate’ at the high output levels
and thus not go into instabilities or oscillations. There would not be
any loss of conversion gain in this process.

Preliminary test by Bill Ramsay seem to indicate that the units

can be driven to higher sensitivity and gain levels without noticeable
(?) distortions present. A few tests by the writer appear to confirm
this. Perhaps some of you more active researchers may want to try to
confirm this also? The GW detectors may now be even more versatile
and useful now with this simple revision—thanks to Bill Ramsay.

Take care, and good experimenting. I remain,

With best regards,

Enclosure
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 Cosmology Note GH LabsQT7%
Newark
4/12/92
I. Capacitor Orientation in GW Detectors:

Circuit #555 (see attached) was originally intended to be used

in a vertical position-- thus the input detection capacitors were
mounted with the long axis in the direction of the panel face, so
that they would be in a horizontal position in actual use. However,
for the initial system evaluations, the unit was operated in the hor­
izontal position—thus the capacitors now aligned with the long axis
in the zenith-nadir direction. This orientation was therefore 90°
away from that normally used in the previous evaluations of 2-D type
tests using the Rustrak chart recorder technique. With a 1000 uF input
capacitor and a 5 Hz LP filter, it was noticed that the #555 detector
was unusually responsive to dense structures—-such as the Leo holes,
the Bootes holes, and the Galaxy Center, to name but a few. The same
response was seen with the 470 uF input capacitor and at both the 1 Hz
and 5 Hz LP filter levels. A possible explanation for this response
may be the following:

The vertical orientation of the capacitor may be more sensitive

to ’torque’ modulations of the polarization in the capacitor over a
longer length of the capacitor, compared to the normal horizontal
orientation. It was also noticed in past gravity communications tests
that best response was seen when scalar flux was directed largely a-
long the long axis of the capacitor rather than normal to it. Since
some of these tests included scalar magnetic flux, it was attributed
at that time that possibly some crossed-field effects were being noted.
However, there is more work and evaluation needed here!

II. Conclusions:

It is important that different capacitors (and other dielectrics)

be evaluated in different orientations in careful tests. Even ’fast’
scans may have different response sensitivity with capacitor orienta­
tion? It has also been noted during the construction and evaluation
of the recent GW units, that some manufactured electrolytic capacitors
do not respond well to gravity fluctuations. So, if a particular type
(or brand) of capacitor you are using does not appear to work, try
some other brands!
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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark
4/27/92
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you.

Special Test with the Solar Flare Detector Circuit:

Circuit #SOOOA was intended to ’observe ’ ELF gravity signals

such as could be developed by solar flares and prominences on our own
Sun, possible earth core movements (also earthquakes?), as well as the
more ’local* novae in our own Milky Way Galaxy. Tests with observa­
tions on a meter over the past year or so seemed to indicate that the
unit was indeed observing such effects.

It was decided to couple this #SOOOA detector unit to a Rustrak

chart recorder unit to actually plot these gravity variations for more
leisure study. It was not expected to record the numerous solar flares
and prominences since these ’events’ would be ’lost’ in the slow samp­
ling rate of 2 seconds for the Rustrak recorder. However, it was ex­
pected that the more long-term variations would show up.

That this was so is seen in the 2 1/2 day ’scan’ recently recorded
which is attached to this Note. During the time of this scan, the
basement lab of the author hovered around 64-66 °F. This 65 °F +/- 1°
variation in ambient temperature should not have introduced much off­
set in the output voltage variation, but when the heating furnace was
turned on at the end of this scan period, the basement temperature
increased to about 75 °F, and this shifted the nominal de output of the
detector to the negative side of the op-amp output. Further tests
showed that the large computer type capacitor used for the detection
’device’ was much more sensitive to temperature than the normally used
capacitive devices of 2200 uF or much less. This response is under
further investigation.

The recorded response shows the ’typical’ cosine function of the

averaged g-field as noted in past tests, and also much other ’structure’
some of which is noted on the scans. It is concluded that this is also
a very fertile area for investigation, and those of you who may have
access to Rustrak recorders (or computer techniques) may want to look
into this also. Good luck with your experiments!

Regards, Greg.

Enclosures

Comments:
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 r MR GREGORY HODQWANEC
. 34 CLEVELAND AVE
iSfW’SC NEWARK NJ 07106-3615

Cteir&e. 7^ ZUj May 9, 1992

Dear Don,

This should be of interest to you since it seems to confirm your

hypothesis that time (gravity) dilation effects extend for a distance
from the time dilating body (as was expounded in several of your past
papers). This change of time (gravity) you attributed to scalar pot­
entials and you were able to measure this phenomena with a number of
methods including clocks, pendulums, and the novel sand glass (egg
timer) method. The experiments I recently performed involved my grav­
ity detectors, postal scales, and bathroom-type scales under relatively
constant room and device temperatures. Attached is results of a test
made with the boiler of my home heating system acting as the time
(gravity) dilating body. • Two other tests of this type were also made
with similar test results.

The tests indicate that these results were not a function of the
ambient or device temperatures. While it took about 20 minutes for
this old-time coal-type furnace (now oil burner fired) to reach the
boiling temperature, it took 2-3 hours for the time (gravity) to re­
turn to normal levels after the system heating unit was shut down.
Whether this was due to the slow cooling down of the boiler unit or an
extended dilation effect is still under study. For this boiler test,
the Ckt. #8000B detector and the postal scale were about 15 feet away
from the furnace unit, while the bathroom scale was about 10ft. awav.
The flOOOB responses are recorded on the Rustrak recorder chart, but
the other responses were hand recorded from time to time.

An interesting aspect here is that the time (gravity) responses

as, seen on Okt. 8000B and some other gravimeters, could also be affect-
ed/the much lower energy levels as provided by a boiling kettle of
water and even by the presence of my own body! Affects by my bodv nea.
the detectors showed up as a definite reduction in gravity levels as
recorded by the Rustrak unit. The presence of a boiling kettle of
water about 1-2 feet away from the detector showed a pronounced dip
in gravity levels. In these lower level energy tests, the gravity
required at least 1/2 to 1 hour to return to normal after the removal
of the dilating body.

During these tests, the gravimeters also responded to some other

effects on the earth’s g-field, including what appeared to be novae
and black hole type structures, most likely quite nearby in our own
Milky Way Galaxy. The detector is now recording such events for a
few more days on the Rustrak recorder unit. These will be analyzed at
leisure and a Note will be prepared on these in the near future.

In conclusion, Don, I feel that your hypotheses may have been

confirmed here in these tests. While I still look at these as gravitv
effects, perhaps you will be able to relate them to time effects as
well? While I had noticed that my body could affect gravity in the
past, I considered that as a ’shadow’ or screening effect. These
tests seem to show the affect is probably an energy effect as you have
surmized. I will keep vou informed of progress along these lines.

Best regards,

Enclosure
 Gregory Hodowanec
3« Cleveland Ave.

□
Newark, NJ
07106-3615
May 19, 1992

Dear Don,

□ I have been looking at your time/gravity concepts and its possible

relation to rhysmonic cosmology theory. Since ’thermal energy* sources
are definitely affecting Hooke’s-type scales and the electronic gravi­
□ meters, those energy sources must be sources of scalar fields, ie. , the
Potential^ and I have some ideas of the possible mechanism involved.
The source of the fields are believed to be molecular currents excited
by the high temperatures, ie., energy. Since the process I am thinking
of is auite similar, in a way, to Ampere’s molecular currents involved
with most permanent magnet ’mechanisms’, I decided to start this in­
vestigation with permanent magnets.

The experiment here involved a stack of four Radio Shack Part No.
64-1877 Hi-energy ceramic magnets. The torroidal flux provided by this
stack is roughly as shown in the cross section of the attached sketch.
An all plastic postal scale ( originally a 16 oz. unit)was modified to
about 4 oz. by changing the original spring. A small brass weight of
about 1.25 oz. and .5 inch in diameter and .75 inch long, was used as

0 the reference weight.

scale calibration.
This weight reads nominally 5.10 on the original
The weight on the scale is normally kept about on
the same horizontal center line as the magnet except when making a
measurement in a direct vertical line with the magnet. For these tests,

0 the magnet was just above the reference weight for the first test, and
then moved to a horizontal line position about 2 inches away, and
finally to a horizontal line position 4 inches away. A number of
measurements were made at each position to average out any possible
□ variations due to fluctuations in the earth’s g-field. The averaged
values were noted for two magnetic flux orientations as noted on the
attached sketch. Note that there is a definite interaction of the
magnetic flux on the Hooke’s law scale readings, which would normally
only respond to the earth’s g-field, and thus read about 5.10 only.

It is believed that a similar type ’flux' may be generated by

0 the thermal processes in the boiler unit. I will renort on my ideas

on this when I am satisfied that they are feasible.
remains of interest to vou.
I hope that this

0 Best regards,

D Enclosure
D Speculations on the nature of the gradients in the GH Labs

D
0 potential in the region of a hot steam boiler? Newark
5/19/92

Thermal sources (especially hot water) may generate molecular

D currents, ala Ampere, thus converting kinetic energy to circular

electrical currents. These would normally be random currents as
shown in Fig. la, but the earth’s gravity field could possibly result
in a generally vertical orientation of these currents as shown in
Fig. lb. However, the spin orientation of the currents as shown in
Fig. 1c, is believed to possibly be the result of the spin of the
earth in a process as shown in Fig. 2.

In rhysmonic cosmology, the rhvsmoid, the aether, if you wish,

is relatively fixed in space. Mass is but a perturbation (vortex?)
in this rhvsmonic structure, and thus ’moves’ as an alteration in that

0 structure. Therefore, for a mass on the surface of the earth, there

will be a relative ’flow* of rhysmons (aether?) past this mass, which
can be that elusive inertial or gravity wind sought in the past. There
will be a gradient in this ’wind’ depending upon the relative surface
□ velocity of the earth, being maximum at the equator and minimal at the
poles, as depicted in Fig. 2. The molecular current spin orientation
will be a function of this gradient, even at the molecular levels.

D This spin will be clockwise in the northern hemisphere and in the

counterclockwise direction in the southern hemisphere.
able to Provide for a test of these premises.
This should be

0 This process should be self-cohering and highly synergistic, and

result in a very measureable ’flux’ gradient in the 0 potential as
depicted in Fig. 3. It should be directly comparable to the flux
generated by molecular currents generated in permanent magnets. The
larger the thermal source and the greater the kinetic energy, the
larger the observed flux gradients. In the northern hemisphere the
gravity effect will be increased at the thermal source and fall off

D as one proceeds away from the source.

the southern hemisphere.
The effect will be reversed in

While all this appears to be but a simple interaction between

0 scalar fields, the aspect of time may still be a consideration.

Remarks:

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Dear Colleague:
Cosmology Note

This may be of interest to you.

GH Tabs
Newark,
6/15/92
I
Some Recent Experiments:

Bill Ramsay of South Carolina issued a brief on 5/30/92 on some

I
of his most recent experiments. These experiments concerned directly
driving a Rustrak chart recorder with a ELF function venerator. Best
results were obtained with a triangular waveform. Some interesting
I
effects were seen at .25 Hz and some other effects were noted at 3 Hz.
At 3 Hz Bill noted a strange 'din* in response which repeated at an­
other time also. A very similar type ’din’ was also noted by the writ­
er as is seen in the gravimeter response shown in Figure (1).
I
The typical ’structures’ seen when a gravity detector unit is
coupled to the Rustrak chart recorder unit is shown in Figure (2). I
In this case, the ’random’ sweep frequency to the recorder unit is
provided by nova and supernova detections as developed in the detector.
Therefore, there is not much possibility for ’artifact type’ responses
to develop due to sweep timing and the Rustrak sampling timing. Thus,
I
the unit will resnond mainly to the gravity variations as seen by this
detection unit.

However, with a function generator providing the sweep frequency

I
and the Rustrak proving the sampling times, the possibility of seeing
artifacts developed are greatly increased. These will be somewhat sim-
ilar*®the Lissajou’s patterns seen on the oscilloscope. The writer made I
a test run with a .8 Hz triangular waveform and the response is shown
in Figure (3). The ’patterns’ are quite evident. However, the possi­
bility still exists that the special D’Arsonval meter structure used
in the Rustrak unit might also be responding directly to some scalar
1
signals. This is conjectured since some of the responses seen may
not be ’artifacts’, for example the response seen at A in Figure (3;.

Again, as Bill remarks, these investigations get more interesting

I
all the time--- we need more of vou to get involved here also.

Best Regard,
9
Remarks: I
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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ \^>O^
6/22/92
I. Second Test ELF (triangular) waveform
with Rustrak Recorder Unit

A. The original LM566 triangular wave oscillator used by the writer

in his Note of 6/15/92 was modified to use an Adapter Plug de power
supply. The test was moved to the writer’s so-called magnetic test
bench, a wooden bench. To his surprise, the expected ’patterns’ were
not seen! See Figure (1). Tests were conducted at 1 Hz and .55 Hz.
Switching to a battery power supply resulted in a reduction of output
which could not be properly off-set. The test was shifted to .7 Hz
and the filter capacitor removed-- still no patterns. At this point it
was decided to go back to the steel work bench and see if the original
data of 6/15/92 could be repeated.

B. Figure (2) shows that a return to the battery supply (no filter)
on the steel bench (freq, now .7 Hz) appeared to show a return to the
’patterns’. Return to the Adapter supply with filter seemed to show
no real patterns. Going to the battery supply with filter seemed to
show some weak patterns. Since it was possible that the capacitor may
have been generating counter signals, cancelling the patterns, it was
removed after a couple of hours of test. This removal seemed to en­
hance the formation of natterns. Reduction of the frequency to .53 Hz
seemed to further enhance pattern formation. The presence of a steel
ulate above the Rustrak unit seemed to have little effect on the pattern
formation. Ignore my thumb print on the start of this scan!

0. The only tentative conclusion I can reach at this time is that the
uresence of a magnetic ulate underneath the Rustrak unit seemed to en­
hance pattern formation. This may be that it may act as a ’sink’ for
scalar magnetic fields, or possibly reduce the response of possible
scalar signals from the direction of under the earth? It is obvious
that more work is needed here.

II. Remarks
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7^ Cosmology Note GH Labs z
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Dear Colleague: This may interest you. 9/11/93

I I. Some preliminary tests of Ckt. 8000B followed by a

simple B.P. filter.

। A. Simple 40 Hz B.P. Filter

The initial test circuit for this filter is shown on the attached
sheet. It is basically a parallel resonant tuned circuit having a
center frequency (f0) of 40 Hz and a 3db B.W. of about 80 Hz. The
center frequency can be shifted somewhat by changing the value of Ci .
। The control, Ri , was added to change the BW to some extent, but itX
' will also affect the scale of the Rustrak recorder unit. This experi-
f ment was tried to determine if bandpass filtering would limit GW sig­
nal responses to a definite range -in space. This would be evident if
2-D type responses were to become somewhat more limited and if there
were more ’repeatable’ responses seen.

B. Initial Responses

0 The initial test runs for the 40 Hz BP filter are shown in Figures
(1) and (2). The tests indicate that the response is a function of the
detector operating conditions as well as of the filter characteristics.
0 The conditions of Figure (1) showed very little cosmic ’shadow’ response,
but appeared to be auite sensitive to 'effects’ which affect the earth
g-field response. This has been noted before with Ckts. 8000 and 8000A.

0 The conditions of Figure (2) showed less g-field variations, but had a
more pronounced response to certain ’structures’ as is seen near the
Vega meridian line. These structures were also quite repeatable with
LP filters of 20 Hz or less. The structure marked ’Vega’ appears to be
D a well-defined 'black hole and ring’ structure. Since it took about
three minutes to ’scan’, this structure must subtend an area in the sky
about 1 1/2 times the apparent diameter of the moon.

0 C. Conclusions

1. Adjusting the operating point of the detector IC in circuit

Q SOOOB appears to make the unit more versatile. For example, the cond­
itions of Figure (1) appear to make an increase in the earth's g-field
an up-scale reading on the Rustrak chart. However, for the conditions
of Figure (2), which is more generally used, the increase in the g-field
D is a down-scale reading on the Rustrack unit. This is probably due to
the IC operating point being on either the + or - side of the dual pow­
er supply.

0 2. Use of a BP filter in the output of the detector therefore seems

to limit response on the Rustrak chart to a definite depth range. This
is indicated by the ’sparser’ recording of ’imbedded forms’ and the^in­
creased repeatability of ’strong' signal responses.
n 3. This area of investigation is fertile ground for more advanced
developments in these techniques.

Greg Hodowanec
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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. Oct. 1.0, Q3
f7')
I. Recent Circuits and Experiments:

Within the limited time I have recently been able to devote to

some research efforts, I have concentrated on the construction and
evaluation of a well-shielded master gravimeter circuit and a simple
alarm circuit to be used in conjunction with the gravimeters. Schem­
atics of the present prototypes are enclosed.
The master gravimeter circuit, #80000, is a single IC unit and
was built into a large steel cabinet to provide for both electrostatic
and magnetic shielding against possible EMF responses. It is powered
by two type ’D’ cells and has a built-in voltmeter, an audio output,
and a special output for 2-D tests with the Rustrak chart recorder,
as well as ’fast scans’ with the Esterline-Angus chart recorder. It
has provisions for several bias modes for the IC for added flexibility.
The unit ’on’ light also serves as a very low battery indicator.
Preliminary tests had been made with circuit ROOOC which indicated
it to be normal in operation. Several days scans were also made under
various operating conditions. The 2-D type scans were quite revealing.
Many ’reoeatable’ detections were observed. In particular, it was very
interesting to further follow the development of Cygnus ’H’ which was
reported previously. This structure is now well-defined with a single
center ’black hole?’ and a ring of separate masses now surrounding it.
This ring has now expanded to a diameter of about 15 minutes of earth
rotation time, implying that it may be much less than 300 light years
away?? The averaged earth g-field measurements with this circuit have
also been revealing, but lately, the wild variations in the outside
temperatures have also affected the basement lab temperatures, and
thus have adversely biased the unit output readings due to the tempera­
ture variations on the detecting capacitor. An oven-type temperature
control for circuit POOOC is now under consideration. Another item
noticed is that the overall ’structure ’ of a repeating event is best
’seen’ when the object is located in the zenith region, but the central
core, or blck hole (?) is best seen when the event is under the earth.
This is believed to be due to the ’filtering action’ of the mass of the
earth which sort of ’fades out’ the surrounding structures.
The alarm circuit, AL-2, is intended to warn of very high (or very
low) earth g-fields, whatever may the reason be. It works well, but
will be connected to circuit f?OOOC only when that unit is temnerature
stable.

II. Comments:

These circuits are for vour interest and possible evaluation. At

present, I have ceased continous chart recording, since I now have much
chart recordings on hand which have vet to be more fully analyzed,. The
only experimental work I plan in the near future is the thermal cont­
rol for circuit ^OOOC. Otherwise, I plan to devote more time to the
theoretical aspects of these efforts instead. Take care-- and good
experimenting.
I

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 Cosmology Note GHLabs
Newark
Dear Colleague: This may be of interest to you. 1/2/94

I. Remarks on the lA-tyne GW Detector, Ckt. #10,0006

A. Preliminary tests of the instrumentation amplifier type (IA)

GW detector circuit #10,000B indicated that the signals ’heard’
on this unit are very much like those heard on Geiger Counters!
This seems to imply that perhaps radioactivity effects might be
'set off' by these GW signals?

B. Some speculative thoughts on this:

1. Possibly the GW signals present at each zenith-nadir line

on earth generate the ’impulses’ needed to ’excite’ the
radioactivity events?

2. The type of signals being ’heard' on the lA-type detector

at this location should also be available at every other
individual zenith-nadir line on earth!

3. Each individual ’impulse’ is a rhysmonic vector force and

thus should easily be physically located well within the
realm of an atomic nucleous.

4. The energy of such rhysmonic 'impulses’ could thus be pos­

sibly transferred to certain atomic nuclei which are mom­
entarily unstable to enable the observed radioactivity.
This should be possible since we know that GW signals also
react with matter (mainly nuclei) to cause the observed
gravity acceleration and the reaction in these capacitive
detection elements. The actual process needed for the radio
activity, however, requires further study.

II. Conclusions

This appears td be a viable area for further investigation and

it could turn out to be of great importance. It would be nice
if a few of you could try the experiment and see if you could
confirm my observations here. When time permits I will try some
other devices and continue some studies here also.
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 Cosmology Note GH Labs
Newark, NJ
Dear- Colleague: This may be of interest to you. June 6, 1994

I. Electronic Voice Phenomenon Receivers (EVP)

I recently received a Sample copy of the first issue of a new per­

iodical "Quantum Realities". (See C-Note of 6/2/94 enclosed). This is­
sue contained a circuit for a simple EVP receiver which used the 741 IC
device. The circuit is basically a white noise generator which has a
reverse-biased germanium diode coupled to it. It was long known by the
writer that noise generators (especially those using capacitors) and
diodes would respond to scalar type signals. GW circuit #15 (built by
me sometime in 1983) was noted to respond quite well to scalar signals
even in a doubly shielded Faraday cage. The ’effects' noted here were
(1) the .25 cm ’picket fence’ type modulation of the 1/f and white noise
background with a movement of mass near the detector, (2) 'mental* mod­
ulations of the noise background, (3) modulations due to the 'cosmic'
effects, and (4)- and most interesting-- what appeared to be musical and
voice sounds heard in the background noise signals. It was thought at
that time that the 'voice* and ’music’ signals might have been RF leak­
age into the shielded detector, perhaps mainly from the very long wave­
length (LF) radio stations. However, it was also noted that some of the
signals .appeared to be related to definite areas in the zenith of the
writer’s lab location, primarily the Auriga-Perseus region, and thus
some of these signals could have been of extraterrestrial origin?? A test
of a C-Mos white noise-generator, the MM5837 device, was undertaken in
1986. This is a single IC unit which was operated at 9 volts only. A-
gain, this device showed that modulation of the .25cm background was pos­
sible, both by mass movements and also ’mental’ thoughts (?), while some
music and voice sounds could also be weakly heard above the white noise.

II. Recent Tests .

To better evaluate and compare performances, a modified version of

the Quantum Realities circuit was made (as the Ckt.#QR-l enclosed) and
an up-dated version of the original Ckt.#15 (as Ckt.#15D in the enclosed
C-Note dated 6/1/94) was also made. Both were shielded in aluminum
boxes. I was able to verify the ’picket fence’ modulation of the .25cm
radiation (ie., the pendulum test), thought modulations^ and the music
and voice responses with Ckt. #QR-1. However, circuit #150 was more ef­
fective in these types of responses and the voice and music type of re­
sponses were much more clearer. I also tried Ckt. #130A ( which used,
the ICL 7621 device for more gain) and this was the most effective unit.
In all these tests I used a Radio Shack Mini-Speaker Amplifier unit
coupled to the output of the detectors but I .used an external small 3"
’Cube' speaker for better low frequency response.

Conclusions
e
1. It appears that all the units tested were behaving as scalar
field type detectors, but the white noise generators, such as the IC
MM5#37 and Ckt. #QR-1 are less effective since the white noise generated
is so over-riding and strong. Ckts. #15^ and #130A were quite effective
and could be 'tuned' for a better response to the ’music’ and ’voice’
responses. The Auriga-Perseus responses come through whenever that re­
gion was in my zenith area. The ’music’ sounds somewhat like an accord-
ian repeating a short refrain over and over again. This may be just a
’musical’ cosmic noise, or is it an extraterrestrial signal of some sort?
The ’voice' signals are generally somewhat muffled but occasionally a
recognizable word comes through.

2. While I had not naid much attention to EVP as such in the past,
it was nice to note that I was not the only one claiming to have heard
such responses.

3. There is so much to investigate in such experiments. It would

be nice to have more of you on board here. The detectors are basically
simple to build and the equipment needed here is low cost.

Best Regards,
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