INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS

1.1 RECALL AND EXPLAIN THE THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF PENOLOGY,

PUNISHMENT,

PENALTY, SENTENCING, AND REHABILITATION, INCLUDING THE RIGHTS, LEGAL

LIMITATIONS, AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH BY THE CONSTIRUTION, LAW, AND UNITED

NATIONS DECLARATIONS.

PENOLOGY- the study of punishment for crime or of criminal offenders. It includes the study of control
and

prevention of crime through punishment of criminal offenders.

Etymology of the word penology

- Greek word “POINE” as well as Latin word “POENA” = pain or suffering

- “LOGOS” = study.

Penology is otherwise known as Penal Science. It is actually a division of criminology that deals with
prison

management and the treatment of offenders, and concerned itself with the philosophy and practice of
society in its

effort to repress criminal activities.

Penal Management: - the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement as in jails
or

prisons.

The Primary Schools of Penology

1. The Classical School – it maintains the “doctrine of psychological hedonism” or “free will”.

That the individual calculates pleasures and pains in advance of action and regulates his conduct

by the result of his calculations.

2. The Neo-classical School – it maintained that while the classical doctrine is correct in general,

Exemption: children and lunatics (insane persons).

3. The Positivist/Italian School – criminals are considered as sick individuals who need to be

treated by treatment programs rather than punitive actions against them.

THE GOLDEN AGE OF PENOLOGY - The period of 1870-1880

TWO TYPES OF DETERRENCE
1. General deterrence refers to the preventive effect of the threat of punishment on the general

population.

2. Specific deterrence refers to the effect of punishment on the future behavior of persons who

experienced the punishment. The offender himself.

4. ISOLATION - literally means to separate. In the context of corrections, isolation refers to the

separation of offenders from the law-abiding members of society by imprisoning them.

5. INCAPACITATION - refers to the inability of criminals to victimize people outside prison

walls while they are locked up.

6. REHABILITATION - means to restore or return to constructive or healthy activity. The

rehabilitative goal is based on a medical model that used to view criminal behavior as a moral

sickness requiring treatment.

7. REINTEGRATION - is the process of making the offender a productive member of the

community. Become a law-abiding and productive member of society once he is out of prison.

JURIDICAL CONDITIONS OF PENALTY

1. Judicial or legal- in accordance with the law

2. Certain- no one must escape its effects

3. Commensurate with the offense- different crime = different penalties

4. Personal- no proxy

5. Equal- all person

6. Productive of suffering- affecting the integrity of the human personality.

7. Correction- become law-abiding citizen

EARLY FORMS OF PUNISHMENT

1. Capital Punishment – punishment of death

2. Corporal Punishment – infliction of physical pain

3. Public Humiliation – causes shame to the offender.

4. Banishment – offender is transported to other territory and not permitted to re- entry to their

homeland.

FORMS OF PUNISHMENT THROUGH PUBLIC HUMILIATION

1. PILLORY - is a wooden or metal device mounted on a post

with three holes to fit the head and the wrists.

2. STOCKS - is a wooden device with holes for the wrists and

legs but not for the head.

3. Jougs, Juggs, or Joggs – an iron collar fastened by a short chain to a wall, often of the parish

church, or to often of the parish church, or to a tree or cross.

EARLY FORMS OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT

1. FLAGGELATION - or flogging is the act of methodically beating or whipping the human body.

2. BRANDING - It is done by pressing a burning, hot iron to the person’s skin or body which

would result in a wound caused by the burning.

3. STONING - or lapidation involves the tossing of heavy rocks and stones at the victim until

death.

4. MUTILATION - is the cutting off of an organ of the body

5. GALLEY SLAVERY Galley is a large medieval vessel or boat propelled by

sails and oars and used for war and trading.

6. Iron Maiden – box-like structure with the front half hinged like and

door so that a person could be placed inside.

7. The Rack – device that drags apart the joints in the

feet and hands.

8. Scavenger's Daughter (or Skevington's Daughter) -

It was an A-frame shaped metal rack to which the head

was strapped to the top point of the A, the hands at the

midpoint and the legs at the lower spread ends;

swinging the head down and forcing the knees up in a

sitting position compressing the body so as to force the

blood from the nose and ears.

9. Scold's Bridle, sometimes called a Brank's Bridle or simply

Branks – an instrument of punishment used primarily on

women, as a form of torture and public humiliation. The device

was an iron muzzle in an iron framework that enclosed the head.

10. Foot Whipping or Bastinado – The undergoing

person is required to be barefoot. The beating is

typically inflicted with an object in the type of a

cane or a crop and repeated over a varying number

of times.

11. Iron Boot – designed to cause crushing injuries to

the foot and/or leg.

EARLY FORMS OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

1. BEHEADING or DECAPITATION Beheading or decapitation is the cutting off of the head from

the body by using an ax or sword.

2. BEHEADING THROUGH THE USE OF GUILLOTINE

Guillotine is a device designed for carrying out executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright
frame in

which a weighted and angled blade is raised to the top and suspended.

3. STRANGULATION THROUGH HANGING

Hanging is the strangulation by use of a rope while the body is suspended in the air. As opposed to
decapitation,

hanging was the standard non-honorable form of the death penalty

Gallows - refers to a frame usually of two upright posts and a traverse beam from which criminals are
hanged.

Usually used in England.

4. STRANGULATION THROUGH THE USE OF GARROTE

Garroting is the strangulation through the use of a metal collar.

5. DRAWING AND QUARTERING This is one the most brutal methods of execution. An offender

sentenced to this death was first hanged until near death, taken down, their limbs tied to horses, and

then pulled apart as the horses ran in different directions.

6. Breaking wheel, also known as the Catherine wheel or simply the wheel, was a torture device used

for capital punishment from antiquity into early modern times for public execution by breaking the

criminal's bones/bludgeoning him to death.

7. DEATH BY MUSKETRY OR FIRING SQUAD

Firing Squad – refers to a group of soldiers. Usually, all members of the group are instructed to fire

simultaneously thus preventing both disruption of the process by a single member and identification of
the member
who fired the lethal shot. The prisoner is typically blindfolded or hooded as well as restrained.

BRIEF HISTORY OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

Electric Chair - as a method of execution was introduced in 1926 during the American occupation. It was

used until 1976, during the time of former President Ferdinand Marcos. Article 81 of the Revised Penal

Code is the provision pertaining to the death penalty.

1987 Philippine Constitution - abolished the death penalty except for heinous crimes, as stated under
Section 19,

Article III.

Republic Act No. 8177 (approved March 20, 1996) – It is the law that designated lethal injection as the
method

for carrying out the capital punishment in the Philippines.

Republic Act No. 9346 – the law prohibiting the imposition of the death penalty. It was approved on June
24,

2006.

DURATION OF PENALTIES

The duration of penalties is provided by Article 25 of the Revised Penal Code:

Capital Punishment: Death

Afflictive Penalties

 Reclusion Perpetua – 20 years and 1 day to 40 years

 Reclusion Temporal – 12 years and 1 day to 20 years

 Prision Mayor – 6 years and 1 day to 12 years

 Correccional Penalties Prision Correccional – 6 months and 1 day to six years

 Arresto Mayor – 1 month and 1 day to 6 months

 Destierro – 6 months and 1 day to 6 years;

shall not be permitted to enter the place or places designated in the sentence, nor within the radius
therin

specified, which shall be not more than 250 kilometers and not less than 25 kilometers from the place

designated

Light Penalties

Arresto Menor – 1 day to 30 days

INDETERMINATE SENTENCE
Indeterminate sentence - is one in which the actual number of years a person may serve is not fixed but
is rather a

range of years. Penalty imposed may be in its minimum, medium or maximum period, as provided by the
Revised

Penal Code.

Act No. 4103, as amended by Act No. 4203 and Act No. 4225 – is the Indeterminate Sentence Law, which
took

effect on 5 December 1933 and currently still enforceable. This law is responsible for the establishment
of the

parole system in the Philippines and the Board of Pardons and Parole, which is tasked to administer the
parole

system
• Livelihood Services and Activities
• Educational Services and Activities

• Sports and Recreation Services and Activities

• Visitation Services and Activities

• Paralegal Services and Activities; and

• Religious Services and Activities.

2. THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY MODALITY PROGRAM – is a part of a rehabilitation

program originally designed for people who are suffering from mental illnesses, personality

disorders and drug additions. It is a collective term used to refer to the different approaches that

are employed to address said problems.

Both the BuCor and the BJMP make use of Therapeutic Community approach as part of its rehabilitation
program.

1.2 DESCRIBE, UNDERSTAND AND APPLY THE FUNCTIONS, ORGANIZATION, ADMINISTRATION,

MANAGEMENT, OPERATIONS, PLANNING, DECISION-MAKING PROCESS, AND

ACCOUNTABILITY OF PERSONNEL IN THE BJMP, PROVINCIAL JAIL, BUCOR, AND OTHER

FACILITIES.

BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS

The Bureau of Corrections, or BUCOR, is an attached agency to the Department of Justice. It is the only
primary

institution in the corrections pillar that provides full custody and rehabilitation programs for the
transformation of

insular prisoners, those sentenced to more than three (3) years to life imprisonment.

TWIN OBJECTIVES OF BUCOR

1. effective rehabilitation

2. safekeeping of national prisoners

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10575, THE BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS ACT OF 2013

RA 10575- the Bureau of Corrections Act of 2013, (approved on 24 May 2013)

- It aims to strengthen, modernize, professionalize and restructure the BUCOR by upgrading its

facilities, increasing the number of its personnel, upgrading the level of qualifications of its

personnel and standardizing their salaries, retirement and other benefits.

THE SEVEN PRISONS AND PENAL FARMS IN THE PHILIPPINES

1. SAN RAMON PRISON AND PENAL FARM (Zamboanga City)

- It is the oldest operational prison in the country.

- for Muslim rebels and political offenders who went against the Spanish government.

2. IWAHIG PENAL COLONY (Puerto Princesa Palawan)

- temporary place of confinement for prisoners who could no longer be received in the Old Bilibid Prison

in Manila.

- open institution and it is subdivided into four (4) zones or districts: Central sub- colony, Sta. Lucia,

Montible and Inagawan.

3. CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION FOR WOMEN (CIW) (Welfareville, Mandaluyong City)

- originally called Women’s Prison, was created under Act No. 3579

- to provide separate facilities for women offenders.

- All female inmates from the Old Bilibid Prison were transferred to the CIW on February 14, 1931. The

facility was 18 hectares in size.

4. DAVAO PRISON AND PENAL FARM (Panabo and Tagum in Davao del Norte)

- formerly called Davao Penal Colony

- It originally was 30,000 hectares in size.

- It is divided into two (2) sub-colonies: The Panabo sub-colony and Kapalong sub- colony.

5. NEW BILIBID PRISON (NBP) (Muntinlupa)

- all inmates of the Old Bilibid Prison in Manila were transferred to the NBP.

- It became to be known officially as the New Bilibid Prison on January 22, 1941.

- It is divided into three compounds or camps: maximum security, medium security (Camp Sampaguita)

and minimum security compounds (Bukang Liwayway)

COMPOSITION OF THE UNIFORMED PERSONNEL OF THE BUCOR

The safekeeping of the inmates shall be undertaken by the Custodial Force consisting of the corrections
officers

with the ranking system and salary grades similar to the BJMP.

The custodial officers shall have the following custodial ranks:

Command Group:

1. Chief, BJMP

2. Deputy Chief for Administration of the Jail Bureau

3. Deputy Chief for Operation of the Jail Bureau

4. Chief of Directorial Staff of the Jail Bureau

PROFESSIONALIZATION AND UPGRADING OF QUALIFICATION STANDARDS IN

THE APPOINTMENT OF BUCOR PERSONNEL

-An applicant to the BUCOR must be a college graduate and must pass the appropriate civil service
eligibilities,

such as the civil service examination administered by the Civil Service Commission and professional
licensure
examinations administered by the Professional

Regulation Commission.

*All BUCOR personnel who are not college graduates and/or do not possess the appropriate eligibility
are given

five (5) years to obtain the minimum educational qualification and eligibility

AGE REQUIREMENT- not less than twenty-one (21) years old nor more than forty (40) years old at the
time of

his application.

HEIGHT REQUIREMENT

1.62 meters – Male

1.57 meters – Female

*Height waivers are also accepted for applicants who are members of cultural minorities

TRAINING OF BUCOR PERSONNEL

The training of BUCOR personnel will continue to be done through its Personnel Training School, which
was

renamed as Corrections Training School or Institute patterned after the BJMP’s Jail National Training
Institute.

RA 10575 also ordered for a study to be conducted in order to prepare for the establishment of the
Philippine

Corrections Academy, to be patterned after the Philippine National Police Academy, for its commissioned
officers.

BUCOR PERSONNEL-TO-INMATE RATIO

1:7 – custodial personnel-to-inmate ratio

1:24 – reformation personnel-to-inmate ratio

THE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY

The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology, or BJMP, was created by virtue of RA 6975, otherwise
known as

the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990, which took effect on January 2, 1991.

CLASSIFICATION OF SENTENCED PRISONERS

1. Insular or National Prisoners- 3 years 1 day to life imprisonment

2. Provincial Prisoners – 6 months and 1 day to 3 years, and those who are awaiting or undergoing trial,

or waiting for the judgment of the court.

*Provincial jails are for the safekeeping of prisoners at the capital of each province. These are under the

supervision and control of the provincial governors; whose office is also under the DILG.

3. City Prisoners – 1 day to 3 three years

4. Municipal Jail – 1 day to six 6 months

1.3. EXPLAIN, USE, AND ANALYZE THE ADMISSION PROCESS OF PERSONS DEPRIVED OF

LIBERTY, RELEASE OF PERSONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY, SECURITY AND SAFETY

PROCESSES AND REQUIREMENTS OF PDLS INSIDE THE INSTITUTION, VISITATION,

MOVEMENT, AND ESCORTING PROCEDURE, THE TRIAL OF PDLS, CUSTODY, CONTROL

AND DISCIPLINARY PROCESS OF PDLS IN THE BJMP, PROVINCIAL JAIL, BUCOR, AND

OTHER FACILITIES.
ESCORTING PROCEDURE:

A. BEFORE LEAVING FOR THE COURT

Personnel and Inmates

1. A jail Officer with the rank of at least J/INSP or in the absence, the most ranking JNCO

from the jail having custody over the inmates, should act as Team Leader.

2. He must conduct briefing, personnel and inmate accounting, vehicle and equipment check.

3. The escort must be given their specific designations such as entrance/exit guard, inmate

guard, perimeter guard, etc.

4. When using Prisoners Van, the lead van must at least have four (4) escorts including the

Team Leader and driver. (1:1+1 plus TL and driver)

1.4. UNDERSTAND, APPLY AND EVALUATE THE PRINCIPLES, MANAGEMENT, PLANNING,

AND DECISION-MAKING OF CRISIS AND INCIDENTS IN THE BJMP, PROBINCIAL JAIL,

BUCOR AND OTHER FACILITIES IN CASE OF RIOT, ESCAPE, HOSTAGE, CONTRABANDS,

FIRE, FOOD POISONING, FLOOD, EARTHQUAKE, TYPHOON, AND OTHER CALAMITIES AND

INCIDENTS.

NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS

2.1. UNDERSTAND, ORGANIZE, AND APPLY THE PROCESSES OF THE PROBATION SYSTEM
FROM PETITION, INVESTIGATION, GRANT, DENIAL/DISQUALIFICATION, SUPERVISION,

MONITORING, VIOLATION OF THE CONDITION/S, CHANGES IN THE CONDITION/S,

SUSPENSION, REVOCATION, TRIAL, EARLY DISCHARGE, AND RELEASE OF THE

PROBATIONER, INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE PROBATION OFFICER, PROBATION AIDS, AND

THE VICTIM/COMPLAINANT IN THE PROBATION PROCESS

WHO ARE DISQUALIFIED FROM APPLYING FOR PROBATION?

a. Those who are sentenced to serve a maximum term of imprisonment of more than six (6)

years;

b. Those who are convicted of any crime against the national security;

c. Those who have previously been convicted by final judgment of an offense punished by

imprisonment of more than six (6) months and one (1) day and / or a fine of more than one

thousand (Php1,000.00) pesos;

d. Those who have been once on probation under the provisions of this Decree;

e. Those who are already serving sentence at the time the substantive provisions of this Decree

became applicable pursuant to Section 33 hereof.

f. Those legally disqualified under special penal laws:

(1) Offenders found guilty of any election offense in accordance with Section 264 of B.P. Blg.
881 (Omnibus Election Code);

(2) Offenders found guilty of violating R.A. No. 6727 (Wage Rationalization Act, as amended);

(3) Offenders found guilty of violating R.A. No. 9165, The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs

Act of 2002, except Sections 12, 14, 17, and 70.

2.2 UNDERSTAND, ORGANIZE, AND APPLY THE PROCESS OF THE PAROLE SYSTEM

FROM PETITION/REVIEW/EVALUATION OF THE INSTITUTION BJMP AND BUCOR,

INVESTIGATION, GRANT OF THE BOARD OF PARDONS AND PAROLE,

DENIAL/DISQUALIFICATIONS, THE PROCESS OF SUPERVISION AND MONITORING,

VIOLATION OF THE CONDITIONS/S, CHANGES IN THE CONDITION/S, SUSPENSION,

REVOCATION, ARREST OF THE PAROLEE, EARLY DISCHARGE, AND RELEASE OF THE

PAROLEE, INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE PAROLE OFFICER, AND THE

VICTIM/COMPLAINANT IN THE PAROLE PROCESS.

"RULE 2.1. ELIGIBILITY FOR REVIEW OF A PAROLE CASE - AN INMATE'S CASE MAY

BE ELIGIBLE FOR REVIEW BY THE BOARD PROVIDED:

1. Inmate is serving an indeterminate sentence the maximum period of which exceeds one (1) year;

2. Inmate has served the minimum period of the indeterminate sentence;

3. Inmate's conviction is final and executor;

4. In case the inmate has one or more co-accused who had been convicted, the director/warden

concerned shall forward their prison records and carpets/jackets at the same time.

5. Inmate has no pending criminal case; and

6. Inmate is serving sentence in the national penitentiary, unless the confinement of said inmate in a

municipal, city, district or provincial jail is justified.

PRISONERS DISQUALIFIED FOR PAROLE: (Section 2, Act no. 4103)

1. Those persons convicted of offenses punished with reclusion Perpetua;

2. Those convicted of treason, conspiracy or proposal to commit treason;

3. Those convicted of misprision of treason, rebellion, sedition or espionage;

4. Those convicted of piracy;

5. Those who are habitual delinquents;

6. Those who escaped from confinement or those who evaded sentence;

7. Those who were granted conditional pardon and violated any of the terms thereof;

8. Those whose maximum term of imprisonment does not exceed 1 year or are with a definite

sentence;

9. Those suffering from any mental disorder as certified by a psychiatric report of the bureau of

correction or national center for mental health;

10. Those whose conviction is on appeal;

11. Those who have pending criminal case for an offense committed while serving sentence.

12. Those convicted of offenses punished with reclusion Perpetua, or whose sentences were

reduced to reclusion Perpetua by reason of Republic Act No. 9346 enacted on June 24, 2006,

amending Republic Act No. 7659 dated January 1, 2004; and

13. Those convicted for violation of the laws on terrorism, plunder and transnational crimes."

VIOLATION WHILE UNDER PROBATION

VIOLATION  INFRACTION REPORT (prepared by parole officer)  BPP  HEARING 

QOURUM (majority members of BPP)  continue supervision

 ISSUE ORDER OF ARREST AND RECOMMITMENT 

SENT BACK TO PRISON  SERVE REMAINING

SENTENCE

NOTE: can still able to apply for parole after serving ¼ of the remaining sentence

2.3. UNDERSTAND, USE, AND EVALUATE THE FORMS OF CLEMENCY SUCH AS BUT NOT LIMITED TO:

EXEVUTIVE CLEMENCY – PARDON, ABSOLUTE AND CONDITIONAL, COMMUTATION OF SENTENCE,

AND REPRIEVE; OTHER RELEVANT REMEDIES GRANTED BY THE COURT; OTHER CLEMENCY

SUCH AS DESCRIMINALIZING CERTAIN CRIMINAL ACTS, REPEALED PENAL/CRIMINAL LAWS; AND

AMNESTY. INLUDING THE AND PROCEDURES OF THE GRANT DENIAL/DISQUALIFICATIONS,

PROCESS OF SUPERVISION AND MONITORING, VIOLATION OF THE CONDITION/S, CHANGES IN THE

CONDITION/S, SUSPENSION, REVOCATION, ARREST OF THE GRANTEE, EARLY DISCHARGE, AND

RELEASE OF GRANTEE
WHO ARE QUALIFIED?
1. A detention prisoner qualified for credit for prevention imprisonment for his good conduct and

exemplary behavior; and

2. A prisoner convicted by the final judgment in any other local jail for his good conduct and

exemplary behavior.

SPECIAL TIME ALLOWANCE FOR LOYALTY

 Deduction of 1/5 gives himself up to the authorities within 48 hours following the

issuance of a proclamation announcing the passing away of the calamity or

catastrophe

 Deduction of 2/5 prisoner chose to stay in the place of his confinement

notwithstanding the existence of a calamity or catastrophe

 Plus 1/5 on sentence if the prisoner did not return for 48 hrs (Evasion of Service

Sentence)

Irrevocability of Time Allowances. - Allowances such as GCTA, TASTM and STAL, one granted by the

authorized official, shall not be revoked

2 PDL welfare and development program.
3 Decongestion program.

4 Good governance.

Core Programs

A. Provisions of Basic Needs

All PDL under custody are provided with three (3) meals (breakfast, lunch and supper).

B. Health Services

Health services for PDL consist of interventions towards the prevention, promotion, treatment of
illnesses

and rehabilitation.

C. Educational Program

The educational program aims to provide opportunities for PDL to achieve mandatory education. For
this

reason, BJMP adopted the Alternative Learning System (ALS) of the Department of Education for the

PDL to earn their elementary and high school diplomas.

D. Skills Training/ Enhancement Program

The objective of the skills training program is to equip the PDL with technical/vocational skills which

they can use in seeking employment or starting their own business after release from confinement.

E. Livelihood Program

The livelihood program presents income-generating activities to PDL during their confinement where

they are able to earn for their personal upkeep and for financial support to their families.

F. Behavioral Management/ Modification Program

BJMP implements the Therapeutic Community Modality Program (TCMP) to manage and modify

behaviors of PDL with the goal of positively changing their thinking and behavior through structured

group processes.

G. Interfaith Program

PDL are provided with the opportunity to practice their faith while under custody without discrimination,

subject only to usual safety and security measures.

H. Cultural and Sports Program

The cultural program aims to promote camaraderie among PDL, encourage the development of self-

confidence and sharing of cultural talents as form of positive entertainment.

I. Paralegal Program

The main objective of the Paralegal Program is to address the overcrowding in jail facilities.

J. E-Dalaw

The E-DALAW service is an alternative to the traditional face-to-face visitation between PDL and

respective families.
Support Services

A. Human Rights Desks

Every jail facility operates a 24-hour Human Rights Desk handled by a designated Human Rights Affairs

Officer.

B. Help Desk

The Help Desk functions as a referral unit where PDL and visitors can lodge their request for assistance

concerning personal or family needs.

C. Referrals for Aftercare

Although BJMP recognizes the importance of aftercare program for PDL to be released for them to start
a

new, it is limited only to providing welfare and developmental programs to PDL while they are in

custody.

Special Program for Vulnerable Groups

A. Services for Pregnant PDL

Pregnant PDL, by reason of their medical condition, are given special attention by the jail nurses to

ensure compliance to pre-natal and post-natal care, timely provision of other pregnancy-related needs,
and

assistance for the care of the newborn until the latter is endorsed to the immediate family or accredited

child-caring agency.

B. Services for Senior Citizen PDL and PDL with Disabilities

In addition to implementing measures to protect the senior citizen PDL and PDL with disabilities from

discrimination and establishing functional priority lanes for them, the primary policy is to link them to
the

local Office of Senior Citizen Affairs Office (OSCA) and Person with Disability Affairs Office (PDAO)

for the acquisition of their respective Identification Cards.

C. Services for PDL with other Special Needs

PDL who are members of the LGBT community maybe segregated from the general population in terms

of housing to prevent potential mistreatments towards them by reason of their gender expression and

other vulnerabilities.

D. Mental Health Services

In general, preventive mental health aimed at reducing incidence of mental health disorders and

developing positive coping mechanisms are provided to all PDL.

E. Drug Counseling for PDL with Substance use Disorder

3.2. EXPLAIN, APPLY, AND CRITIQUE THE RE-INTEGRATION PROGRAMS OF THE

PDLS OF BJMP, PROVINCIAL JAILS, BUCOR, AND OTHER SIMILAR FACILITIES TO

THE COMMUNITY, AND THE RELEVANT COMMUNITY POLICIES AND LAWS ON

FORMER PDLS