Axially Loaded Columns
Sample Problems
Situation 1 - A column 400 mm by 300 mm square is supported
by a 3m x 3m isolated spread footing whose fc’ = 21 MPa is
reinforced with 12-20 mm bars with fy = 414 MPa. The column
carries a dead load of 800 kN and a live load of 600 kN. The
allowable soil bearing pressure is 200 kPa. The base of the
footing is 1.2 m below the grade. Assume weight of soil is 16
kN/m3. The total depth of the footing is 600 mm with effective
cover of 105 mm.
1. Investigate the adequacy of the dimension of the
footing.
2. Determine the wide beam shear stress.
3. Determine the punching shear stress.
4. Determine if the footing is safe from the three modes of
failure.
Situation 2 - A square footing is to be designed to support a 400
mm x 400 mm column carrying a dead load of 1400 kN and live
load of 800 kN. Allowable soil bearing pressure is 200 kPa.
Assume the average unit weight of concrete and the soil is 19.5
kN/m3 and the base of the footing is 1.5 m from the grade line.
For footing, use fc’ = 20.7 MPa. For column, use fc’ = 28 MPa and
fy = 414 MPa for all steel bars.
1. Determine the dimensions of the footing.
2. Find the effective depth of the footing.
3. Determine the number of 20-mm diameter
reinforcement.
Situation 3 - A 400 mm x
400 mm column is
supported as shown. The
column carries the following
service loads:
DL = 900 kN
LL = 450 kN
fc’ = 21 MPa
fy = 415 MPa
1. Determine the ultimate
load per pile.
2. Determine the effective depth of the footing.
3. Determine the ultimate bending moment.
Situation 4 – Refer to the combined footing shown.
Given: a = 0.40 m e = 1.30 m
c = 0.40 m W=4m
b = 3.50 m
Effective depth, d = 500 mm
fc’ = 27.5 MPa fy = 413 MPa
Shear due to factored loads:
f = 156.8 kN h = 761.6 kN
g = 610.4 kN i = 509.6 kN
Reduction factors:
Shear = 0.75 Moment = 0.90
1. How much is the punching shear stress (MPa) at column B?
A. 0.587 C. 0.639
B. 0.999 D. 0.749
2. How much is the critical wide beam shear stress (MPa)?
A. 0.31 C. 0.38
B. 0.54 D. 0.46
3. Compute the number of 25-mm bars within the length “e” from
column B.
A. 14 C. 13
B. 12 D. 15
1. What is the net foundation pressure in kPa at edge A of the
footing?
A. 189.3 B. 210.7 C. 241.2 D. 300.0
2. What is the net foundation pressure at edge B of the footing?
A. 56.0 B. 77.3 C. 133.3 D. 210.7
3. What is the minimum required gross allowable soil bearing
COMBINED AXIAL AND BENDING FOOTINGS capacity to carry the given loads in kPa?
Situation 5- Refer to the figure below. A. 78.8 B. 82.8 C. 233.5 D. 237.5
Given:
Footing dimensions, B = 3m Situation 8 – The footing below is supported by piles, and there
Column dimensions, c = 500mm is a 400-mm column on the center.
Footing thickness, t = 500mm
Depth of soil, z = 1.5m
Concrete Unit Weight = 24 kN/m3
Soil Unit Weight = 17 kN/m3
Service Loads:
PDL = 350 kN PLL = 200 kN PEL = 100 kN
MDL = 150 kNm MLL = 150 kNm MEL = 200 kNm
1. Calculate the tension side of the footing.
2. Determine the maximum and minimum pressure.
3. Calculate the factor of safety against overturning.
Service loads:
DL = 900 kN LL = 450 kN
Service moments:
DL = 15 kN-m LL = 28 kN-m
Footing Details:
fc’ = 21 MPa fy = 415 MPa
d = 325 mm
1. Determine the ultimate load per pile.
Situation 6 - A 300-mm square column is supported by a 0.90m 2. Determine the wide beam shear stress in MPa.
wide rectangular footing. The column transmits an axial service 3. Determine the punching shear stress in MPa.
load and a service bending moment which acts parallel to the 4. Calculate the ultimate bending moment in kN-m.
longitudinal axis of the base. The effective soil bearing pressure is
240 kPa. The thickness of the footing is 400mm with an effective
depth of 300mm. Use NSCP 2001.
Axial Service Loads: DL = 268 kN LL = 89 kN
Service Bending Moments: DL = 12 kNm LL = 27 kNm
1. Solve for the required length of the footing. 2.20m
2. Using the length above, solve for the wide beam shear
stress and punching shear stress at ultimate loads.
832.90, 703.88 kPa
3. Using the length above, solve for the critical ultimate “You can’t build a great building on a weak foundation.”
bending moment. 132.97 kN-m ---- Gordon B. Hinckley ----
Situation 7 - A 300-mm square column is supported by a 2m x
3m x 0.5 m thick footing carries unfactored loads shown in the
figure. The unit weight of soil and concrete are 18 and 24 kN/m3,
respectively. There is a surcharge load of 4 kPa on top of the
backfill due to loads induced in the ground surface.
Prepared by: ENGR. FROILAN O. CONMIGO, CE, RMP
