KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & MINERALS
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
MSE 201
Homework # 2
Student Name Faisal Ali Alzahrani
Student ID # 202176210
Problems/Marks Grades
1 10
2 10
3 10
4 15
5 5
50
Problem #1
1. Calculate the volume of an FCC unit cell in terms of the atomic radius 2R. (5
Points)
Ans: The volume of FCC unit cell is 𝑎3 and a = 2√2 R ➔ 𝑎3 = 16√2 R3 = 22.63 R3
For 2R ➔ 𝑎3 = 181 R3
2. Show that the atomic packing factor for the HCP crystal structure is 0.74. (5
Points)
Ans: APF = 𝑛 ×𝑉𝑉𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 , in HCP, n = 6, 𝑉𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 43 𝜋 𝑟 3 ,𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 3√23 𝑎2 𝑐, c/a =1.633, and =
𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙
4 𝑎3
6× 𝜋×
a = 2R ➔ APF = 3√3 3 8
= 0.74
×𝑎2 ×1.633𝑎
2
Problem #2
1. Tantalum has an atomic radius of 0.1430 nm, a BCC crystal structure, and an
atomic weight of 180.5 g/mol. Compute its theoretical density and compare
the answer with its measured density. (3 Points)
Ans: R= 0.1430 nm, it is BCC, A = 180.5 g/mol, and the measured density = 16.6 g/c𝑚3
𝑛 ×𝐴
𝜌= where n = number of atoms, A = atomic weight, V = cell volume, and N =
𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 × 𝑁𝐴
4
Avogadro’s number. In BCC, n = 2, and V = 𝑎3 = ( 𝑅 )3 ➔
√3
2 ×180.5
𝜌= 4 = 16.64 g/ c𝑚3 which very close to its measured density and the
( ×0.1430 )3 × 6.022×1023
√3
small difference is due to the perfection assumed in the theoretical calculations.
2. What is the difference between crystal structure and crystal system?
(2 Points)
Ans:
The concept of a crystal system is used to classify crystal structures based on unit
cell geometry—that is, unit cell edge lengths and interaxial angles.
The crystal structure of the material is the manner in which atoms, ions, or
molecules are spatially arranged.
3. Within the following unit cell draw [11̅0], [01̅0], and [01̅0] direction with its
tail located at the origin of the coordinate system, point O. (5 Points)
Ans:
[11̅0] [01̅0]
Problem #3
1. Sketch the following directions in HCP unit cell: [112̅0] ,𝑎𝑛𝑑 [12̅10] (4
Points)
Ans:
[112̅0] in black
[12̅10] in red
2. For the direction shown in the accompanying figure, do the following:
a. Determine the directional indices referenced to the three-axis coordinate
system of Figure in the bellow (3 Points)
Ans: a1 = 1, a2 = 1, and z = 1/2 ➔ × 2 ➔ a1 = 2, a2 = 2, and z = 1 ➔ [UVW] = [221]
b. Convert these indices into an index set referenced to the four-axis scheme
(3 Points)
Ans: u = 13 (2𝑈 − 𝑉), 𝑣 = 13 (2𝑉 − 𝑈), 𝑡 = −(𝑢 + 𝑣)
1 2
w = W ➔ u = (2(2) − (2)) =
3 3
a3
1 2
v = (2(2) − (2)) =
3 3
2 2 −4 a1
t = -( + ) = a2
3 3 3
̅ 3]
w = 1 ➔ × 3 ➔ [224
Problem #4
1. Determine the Miller indices for the plane shown in the accompanying sketch
(6 Points)
A) B) C)
Ans: In A, Miller indices = (0 1̅ 0)
In B, Miller indices = (1 1 0)
In C, Miller indices = (1 2 1)
2. Construct (011) and (101) plane within the following unit cell! (4 Points)
Ans: (011) (101)
3. Sketch the following planes in HCP unit cell: (11̅01) , (112̅0) and (0001)
(5 Points)
Ans: (11̅01) (112̅0) (0001)
Problem #5 (5 Points)
1. What is the difference between
A- Anisotropy and Isotropic?
Ans:
This directionality of properties is termed anisotropy, and it is associated with the variance of
atomic or ionic spacing with crystallographic direction. (not in order)
Substances in which measured properties are independent of the direction of measurement are
isotropic. (in order)
B- Single crystal and polycrystalline materials
Ans:
The single crystal has its all units cell repeated and arranged in one order, so there is not
any interruption (perfect).
The polycrystalline materials are composed of a collection of many small crystals or grains.
