SRI VIDYA MANDIR HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL
ANANDASRAMAM-SALEM-636004
MATHS PROJECT
THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
NAME : R. KAVIN KUMAR
CLASS : Xll-A2
ROLL NO : 12211
SUBJECT : MATHS
Acknowledgment
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my
mathematics teacher and mentors for their invaluable
guidance and support in completing this project. I also
thank my parents and classmates for their
encouragement. This project is the result of their
combined efforts, and I am truly grateful for all the help
I received.Certificate
This is to certify that ____________________________ of Class
12 has successfully completed the investigatory project
on the topic 'Three-Dimensional Geometry' as per the
guidelines prescribed by the CBSE curriculum. This
project is a reflection of the student's sincere efforts and
hard work.
Signature of Teacher: ____________________________
Date: ____________________________
Investigatory Project on Three-Dimensional Geometry
INDEX
1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Theory and Concepts
4. Key Formulas
5. Solved Examples
6. Applications
7. Real-World Examples
8. Graphical Representations
9. Conclusion
10. References
Introduction
Three-Dimensional Geometry is an
important branch of mathematics that
explores objects in space. It studies
points, lines, and planes in a
three-dimensional coordinate system.
This project aims to provide a
comprehensive understanding of 3D
geometry and its applications.
Objectives
● To understand the fundamental
concepts of three-dimensional
geometry.
● To derive and apply key formulas for
solving problems.
● -l To solve practical problems
involving points, lines, and planes in
space.
● To explore real-world applications of
3D geometry in various fields.
Theory and Concepts
Three-dimensional geometry involves the
study of points, lines, and planes in space.
Key concepts include Cartesian
coordinates, distance formula, section
formula, and equations of lines and
planes. These concepts form the
foundation for solving complex
geometrical problems.
Key Formulas
● Distance Formula: d = sqrt((x2 - x1)^2
+ (y2 - y1)^2 + (z2 - z1)^2)
● Section Formula: (x, y, z) = ((mx2 +
nx1)/(m + n), (my2 + ny1)/(m + n),
(mz2 + nz1)/(m + n))
● Equation of a Plane: Ax + By + Cz + D =
0
● Equation of a Line: (x - x1)/a = (y -
y1)/b = (z - z1)/c
● Midpoint Formula: ((x1 + x2)/2, (y1 +
y2)/2, (z1 + z2)/2)
Solved Examples
Example 1: Find the distance between
points (1, 2, 3) and (4, 5, 6).
Solution: Using the distance formula:
d = sqrt((4 - 1)^2 + (5 - 2)^2 + (6 - 3)^2)
= sqrt(27) = 3sqrt(3)
Example 2: Find the equation of the plane
passing through (1, 2, 3) and
perpendicular to the vector (2, -1, 1).
Solution: The equation is 2(x - 1) - (y - 2)
+ (z - 3) = 0 or 2x - y + z - 7 = 0.
Applications
● Architecture: Designing 3D structures
like buildings and bridges.
● Navigation: GPS systems rely on 3D
geometry for accurate positioning.
● Computer Graphics: Used in creating
3D models and animations.
● Robotics: Path planning and
movement analysis.
● Astronomy: Mapping celestial objects
and their positions.
Graphical Representations
Include diagrams of points, lines, and
planes in 3D space here.
Conclusion
Three-Dimensional Geometry is a
powerful mathematical tool with
numerous applications. This project
highlights its significance in solving
real-world problems and emphasizes its
role in various fields like engineering,
navigation, and computer graphics.
References
1. NCERT Mathematics Textbook for Class
12
2. Reference books and online resources
on 3D Geometry
