Banker's Algorithm Solution
Step (a): Calculate the Need Matrix
Need[i][j] = Max[i][j] - Allocation[i][j]
Process | Need (A, B, C, D)
--------|------------------
P0 |0000
P1 |0750
P2 |1002
P3 |0020
P4 |0642
Step (b): Check if the system is in a safe state
Initial Available Resources: A = [1, 5, 2, 0]
Safe Sequence Check:
1. P0: Need = [0, 0, 0, 0] <= Available = [1, 5, 2, 0] -> Allocate to P0 -> Update Available: [1, 5, 3, 2]
2. P2: Need = [1, 0, 0, 2] <= Available = [1, 5, 3, 2] -> Allocate to P2 -> Update Available: [2, 8, 8, 6]
3. P3: Need = [0, 0, 2, 0] <= Available = [2, 8, 8, 6] -> Allocate to P3 -> Update Available: [2, 14, 11, 8]
4. P4: Need = [0, 6, 4, 2] <= Available = [2, 14, 11, 8] -> Allocate to P4 -> Update Available: [2, 14, 12, 12]
5. P1: Need = [0, 7, 5, 0] <= Available = [2, 14, 12, 12] -> Allocate to P1 -> Update Available: [3, 14, 12, 12]
Safe Sequence: P0 -> P2 -> P3 -> P4 -> P1
Conclusion: The system is in a safe state.
Step (c): Handle the request from P1 for (0, 4, 2, 0)
Conditions to check:
1. Request <= Need: [0, 4, 2, 0] <= [0, 7, 5, 0] -> True
2. Request <= Available: [0, 4, 2, 0] <= [1, 5, 2, 0] -> True
Since both conditions are satisfied, the request can be granted immediately.