Paramete NITI NHRC SHRC CIC SIC CVC NGT Lokpal and

rs Aayog Lokayukta
Origin & Executiv Protection Protection of RTI act, 2005. RTI act, CVC act, NGT Act, Lokpal and
Status e order of Human Human rights Statutory 2005. 2003. 2010. Lokayukta act,
rights act, act, 1993 Statutory Statutory Statutory 2013.
1993. Statutory Statutory
Statutory
Compositi PM Total 5: 1 + Chairperson + CIC (Chief SIC (State 1(Central 10 to 20 Chairperson +
on (chairs) 1 + 3 + 7 ex 2 persons. Information Information vigilance Judicial Maximum 8
+ Vice – officio commissione commission Commissione members + member (50%
chairper members r) + 10 er) + 10 r) + 2 10 to 20 judicial members)
son (PM Information Information (Vigilance Expert +
elects) + commissione commission commissione members Minimum 50%
Governi r er r) members shall be
ng from SCs, STs,
council OBCs, Minorities
(CMs+ and Woman.
LG of
UTs) +
Regional
councils
+
experts
+ Part
time
member
(2) + ex
officio
(4) +
CEO
Qualificati Executiv Chairperson: Chairperson: Person of Person of Chairperson Chairperson:
ons e CJI/ Judge CJI – HC or eminence eminence – Either a serving or retired
determi SC. Judge of HC. and and serving or Judge of Supreme
nes Other Members: knowledge + knowledge + retired court or CJ – High
members: 1 Judge of HC Cannot be Cannot be Judge of court.
member is (serving or appointed if - appointed if Supreme Members: Non
serving or retired) or MP/MLA/Offi - court or Judicial members
retired CJ – District Judge ce of Profit MP/MLA/Of Chief Justice should have
HC. 3 (7 years' work fice of Profit of High minimum 25 year
members experience + court. experience in
should have knowledge or Appointed matters of anti –
knowledge experience by GoI corruption,
or practical related to (based on vigilance, finance
experience Human Rights). recommend etc.
in human ation of
rights. selection
Ex – officio committee
members appointed
(National by the
commission Ministry of
on – Environmen
Minorities + t and
SC + ST + BC forests)
+ women +
Protection
of child
rights +
Chief
commission
er for PwD’s.
Appointm - By President By Governor By ‘President’ By Governor ‘President’ By Central Lokpal members
ent based on based on on on by warrant Govt. (in are appointed by
recommend recommendati ‘recommend recommend under his consultation President based
ation of a on of a ation’ of a ation of a hand seal (on with CJI) on the
committee committee committee committee basis of recommendations
consisting of consisting of Consisting of consisting of recommenda of selection
6 members (in case of PM CM tions of a committee
i.e. PM + bicameral (Chairperson) (Chairperson selection headed by PM
Speaker (LS) legislature) + Union ) + State committee). consisting of
+ Deputy CM + Speaker Cabinet Cabinet Composition: Speaker – Lok
Chairman (SLA) + Deputy Minister Minister 1) Prime Sabha + Leader of
(RS) + Chairman (Nominated (Nominated Minister + 2) opposition – LS +
Leader of (SLC) + Leader by PM) + by CM) + Leader of CJI or SC Judge
opposition of opposition Leader of Leader of Opposition (nominated by CJI)
(LS (SLA & SLC opposition in opposition (LS)+ 3) + eminent Jurist
& RS both) + both) + State Lok Sabha in Legislative Union Home recommended by
Union Home Home minister. assembly. Minister. other 4 members.
minister. Selection
committee is
assisted by search
committee (to
identify
candidates).
Lokayukta by
Governor.
Tenure Executiv 70 years/ 3 70 years/3 As prescribed As ‘4 year’ or Different Both minimum (45
and e years. Can year/Reappoin by central prescribed ‘65 years’/ retirement years) and
service determi be re – tment – Yes. government/ by central not eligible age - maximum (70
condition nes appointed. Salary etc. is 65 years/ not government for Chairperson years) age is
s Salary etc. is determined by eligible for / 65 years/ reappointme – 70 prescribed. Tenure
determined State Govt. reappointme not eligible nt Judicial – 67 – 5 years. No
by Central nt for Non Judicial reappointment.
Govt. reappointm - 65 or 5
ent years
Removal Executiv President President can By President By Governor By President By President if
e can removed in the – Procedure – Procedure – Procedure insolvent, engages
determi removed in case of 1) is similar to is similar to is similar to in paid
ned the case of insolvency 2) NHRC. NHRC. NHRC employment and
1) paid unfit due to
insolvency employment infirmity of mind
2) paid outside office or body or guilty
employment 3) Infirmity of of misbehaviour
outside body and mind (in this case
office 3) 4) unsound petition signed by
Infirmity of mind 5) 100 MPs →
body and convicted and President sends it
mind 4) sentenced to to SC for reference
unsound imprisonment → if SC
mind 5) 6) recommends
convicted misbehaviour removal President
and or incapacity ( passes an order.
sentenced President has
to to refer to the
imprisonme matter of SC).
nt 6)
 misbehaviou
r or
incapacity (
President
has to refer
the matter
to the SC).
Suo motu - Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
powers
Quasi – No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Judicial
powers
Annual - Central State Govt. Central Govt. State Govt. Central Govt. - -
Report Govt.
Other - A) In case of A) Violation of A) ‘S.K A) HQ – A) PM + Ministers
points violations by human Right Santhanam’ Delhi + MP’s + Officer
armed force w.r.t subject in committee Branches – (Group A/B/C/D) +
– Can only state + recommenda Bhopal, Officials of central
seek report Concurrent list tions Pune, Government +
from + UT’s (If B) Evolution Kolkata and NGO’s (who
Government central – Initially Chennai. receive donations
of India Government ‘Extra-legal’ B) Disposal from foreign
B) Matters confers it. body later of cases – source in excess of
cannot be B) Exception: became a Mandated 10 lakh).
taken by UT of Delhi ‘statutory to dispose All authorities -
NHRC – comes under body’ (2003). cases within Constitutional/Sta
Service National C) Objective - 6 months. tutory/ extra-
matters + Human Rights Investigate C) Appeal legal/ all
Sub Judice + commission. into against NGT authorities funded
Anonymous allegation of Judgment – by Govt. come
 + Frivolous + corruption Supreme under its
Over 1 year. against court Jurisdiction.
C) Secretary ‘certain’ D) Non - B) Immunities to
General was officers (not compliance PM: Jurisdiction of
provided by all – scope of with order Lokpal ‘does not’
‘2019’ CVC is much of NGT – extend to Prime
amendment narrow Fine(up to Minister w.r.t 5
– compared to 10 crore) or fields – 1) Atomic
responsible Lokpal). 3 years jail. Energy 2) Security
for D) CVC E) Governed 3) International
administrati position = – by Relations 4) Space
ve + chairman of principle of 5) Public order.
Financial UPSC ‘Natural C)
powers. VC position = Justice’ (not Superintendence
member of bound by over CBI + Power
UPSC code of civil to give directions
procedure to CBI + Powers of
or Indian civil court + Power
evidence of confiscation of
act). material obtained
via corruption +
Recommend
transfer/
suspension of a
public servant etc.

Other bodies:

National commission for women:

 • In sync with provisions of CEDAW - Convention on eliminations of all forms of discrimination against women.
• Status: Statutory + Quasi – Judicial + Advisory body
• Appointment & Report: Government of India
• Composition: 1 + 5 + 1, Chaired by Women, Not an all women body, 1 SC/ST - Member
• Suo motu Power: Yes
• Function: Fund litigation, visit jail, remand home etc.

National commission on Minorites

• Look into concerns and issues of Religious minorities.

• Status: Statutory + Quasi - Judicial + advisory body.
• Appointment: By Government of India
• Chairman: 1 + 1 + 5 - Chairman + Vice chairman + Members. Not an all minority body.

National commission on Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)

• It fulfils India’s commitment under UNCRC - United Nation convention on Rights of child.
• Appointment: By Government of India
• Membership: 1 + 1 + 6 - Chairman + Vice chairman + Members
• Recently, status was given to NCPCR as an ex officio member in NHRC

Central Bureau of Investigation

• Not a statutory body.

• Established by executive resolution of union home ministry.
• Derives powers from Delhi special police establishment act, 1946
• Director of CBI is appointed by committee consisting of PM + leader of opposition in LS + Chief Justice of India.
• Tenure of Director – 2 years.
• GoI can appoint officers above rank of SP on recommendations of committee headed by CVC, Vigilance commissioners, secretary of
home and Personnel.
• Director of prosecution is appointed on the recommendation of CVC. Tenure - 2 years. Rank is equivalent to joint secretary of GoI.