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Binary Fission in Paramecium

Transverse binary fission is the primary method of asexual reproduction in Paramecium, where a fully grown organism divides into two equal daughter cells without leaving a parental corpse. The process begins with nuclear division, followed by the elongation and transverse division of the macronucleus, and takes about two hours to complete, potentially occurring multiple times a day. The rate of reproduction is influenced by external conditions such as food and temperature, as well as internal factors like heredity.

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712 views1 page

Binary Fission in Paramecium

Transverse binary fission is the primary method of asexual reproduction in Paramecium, where a fully grown organism divides into two equal daughter cells without leaving a parental corpse. The process begins with nuclear division, followed by the elongation and transverse division of the macronucleus, and takes about two hours to complete, potentially occurring multiple times a day. The rate of reproduction is influenced by external conditions such as food and temperature, as well as internal factors like heredity.

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Binary Fission:

Transverse binary fission is the commonest type of asexual reproduction in Paramecium. It is a distinctly
unique asexual process in which one fully grown specimen divides into two daughter individuals
without leaving a parental corpse. The plane of division is through the centre of the cell and in a plane
at right angles to the long axis of the body. Division of the cell body as a whole is always preceded by
division of the nuclei; indeed it appears that reproduction is initiated by nuclear activity and division.

Process

• Paramecium Caudatum reproduces by transverse binary fission during favorable conditions. In binary
fission, the micronucleus divides by mitosis into two daughter micronuclei, which move to opposite
ends of the cell. The macronucleus elongates and divides transversely by amitosis.

• Another cytopharynx is budded off and two new contractile vacuoles appear, one near anterior end
and another near posterior end. In the meantime, a constriction furrow appears near the middle of the
body and deepens until the cytoplasm is completely divided.

• The resulting two “daughter” paramecia are of equal size, each containing a set of cell organelles. Of
the two daughter paramecia produced, the anterior one is called proter and the posterior one is called
opisthe. They grow to full size before another division occurs.

• The process of binary fission requires about two hours to complete and may occur one to four times
per day, yielding 2 to 16 individuals. About 600 generations are produced in a year.

• The rate of multiplication depends upon external conditions of food, temperature, age of the culture,
and population density; also on the internal factors of heredity and physiology.

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