READINGS
IN
PHILIPPINE HISTORY
OBJECTIVES: WHAT IS HISTORY?
1. To undertand and determine the History derived from the greek word
“historia” which means “inquiry or
importance of History. research”. Thus the term history refers to
2. To Evaluate primary source for their account or inquiries of events that
happened in the past and are narrated in
credibility, authenticity, and relevance. chronological order.
3. Differentiate internal and external
HERODOTUS
criticism. Greek author of the
first great narrative
4. To describe the repositories of
history produced in the
primary resources as well as their
ancient world, the
classifications. History of the
CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Greco-Persian Wars.
HISTORY: ITS MEANING, IMPORTANCE, AND RELEVANCE
5 CHARACTERISTICS TO LOOK FOR WHEN
• “ History as a never learning inquiry about past SELECTING PRIMARY SOURCES THAT THE
of mankind.” PERSON WILL BE ABLE TO PLACE IN HISTORICAL
CONTEXT
• “History as a never ending dialogues of events of
what civilized men have thought and done in the
1. Bibliographic information
past”.
DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY AND 2. Creator name and Creation/ Publication date
SECONDARY SOURCES
PRIMARY SOURCES- direct or fisthand evidences regarding 3. Time and Topic under study in your classroom
an event, object, person, or work of art. They also include
4. Context clues
interviews, surveys, fieldwork, and internal
communication via email, blogs, and newsgroups. 5. Extraneous markings or Annotations
SECONDARY SOURCES- It describe, discuss, interpret,
comment upon analyze, evaluate, summarize, and process
primary sources. Also those materials can be found on
articles, newspapers or popular magazines, book or movie
review are also secondary sources.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL
CRITICISM Respositories of Primary Sources
Internal Criticism To preserve and make accessible to the public,
□ Seeks to falsify or demostrate discontinuity with an
idea by hypothetically assuming its truth in order to the primary source of information in the
prove some internal inconsistency on contradiction Philippine History lies on the National Archieves of
with it. the Philippines. The documents, records, and the
other primary sources are basic components of
External Criticism cultural heritage and collective memory. The
□ seeks to falify an idea without hypothetically embodiment of community identities as well as
assuming its truth. testament to shared national experiences.
The Archieves created by the Republic Act
9470 on May 21, 2017.
CHAPTER 2: ANALYSIS OF SELECTED PRIMARY SOURCES CHAPTER 3: CONTROVERSIES AND
CONNECTING VIEWS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
How to analyze Primary Sources?
READ THE FOLLOWING:
CONTENT ANALYSIS is a research method for studying
primary sources such as documents and communication
artifacts, which can be text of various formats, pictures,
audio, or video.
According to KLAUS KRIPPENDORFF, there are six
questions must be addressed in every content analysis.
1. Which Data are analyzed?
2. How is the data defined?
3. From what population are the data drawn?
4. What is the most relevant Context?
5. What are the boundaries of the analysis?
6. What is to be measured?
