C PROGRAMS BASICS
Introduction
• C is a procedural programming language. It was initially developed by Dennis Ritchie in the year
1972.
• It was mainly developed as a system programming language to write an operating system.
• The main features of the C language include low-level memory access, a simple set of keywords, and
a clean style, these features make C language suitable for system programming's like an operating.
• Many later languages have borrowed syntax/features directly or indirectly from the C language.
• Like syntax of Java, PHP, JavaScript, and many other languages are mainly based on the C language.
C++ is nearly a superset of C language (Few programs may compile in C, but not in C++).
Structure of C Program
By structure, it is meant that any program can be written in this structure only. Writing a C program in
any other structure will hence lead to a Compilation Error.
The components of the above structure are:
Header Files Inclusion: The first and foremost component is the inclusion of the Header files in a C
program. A header file is a file with extension .h which contains C function declarations and macro
definitions to be shared between several source files.
Some of C Header files:
1. stddef.h – Defines several useful types and macros.
2. stdint.h – Defines exact width integer types.
3. stdio.h – Defines core input and output functions
4. stdlib.h – Defines numeric conversion functions, pseudo-random network generator, memory
allocation
5. string.h – Defines string handling functions
6. math.h – Defines common mathematical functions
Main Method Declaration: The next part of a C program is to declare the main() function. The syntax to
declare the main function is:
Syntax to Declare the main method: int main()
{}
Variable Declaration: The next part of any C program is the variable declaration. It refers to the
variables that are to be used in the function. Please note that in the C program, no variable can be used
without being declared. Also in a C program, the variables are to be declared before any operation in
the function.
Example:
Body: The body of a function in the C program, refers to the
operations that are performed in the functions. It can be
anything like manipulations, searching, sorting, printing, etc.
Return Statement: The last part of any C program is the return
statement. The return statement refers to the returning of the values from
a function. This return statement and return value depend upon the return
type of the function. For example, if the return type is void, then there
will be no return statement. In any other case, there will be a return
statement and the return value will be of the type of the specified return
type.
Write a c program to print factorial of a number.
Write a c program to reverse given number
Quiz
What is required in each C program?
[Link] program must have at least one function.
[Link] program does not require any function.
[Link] data
[Link] data
Quiz
Answer – ( a )
Quiz
In the C language, the constant is defined _______.
[Link] main
[Link] main
[Link], but starting on a new line.
[Link] of the these.
Quiz
Answer – ( c )
Quiz
How many times will the following loop execute?
for(j = 1; j <= 10; j = j-1)
[Link]
[Link]
3.0
4.1
Quiz
Answer – ( a )
Quiz
What is the result after execution of the following code if
a is 10, b is 5, and c is 10?
If ((a > b) && (a <= c))
a = a + 1;
else
c = c+1;
1.a = 10, c = 10
2.a = 11, c = 10
3.a = 10, c = 11
4.a = 11, c = 11
Quiz
Answer – ( b )
Quiz
Each instance of a class has a different set of
[Link] interfaces
[Link]
[Link] types
[Link] values
Quiz
Answer – ( d )
THANK YOU!
