Chemical Energetics - Review Questions
1 The scheme shows four stages I to IV in the conversion of solid candle wax, C30H62,
into carbon dioxide and water.
Which stages are endothermic?
A 1 and 2 C 1, 2 and 4
B 2 and 3 D 2, 3 and 4
2 In which equation is the enthalpy ∆H, correctly represented?
equation ∆H
A 2 AgCl (s) → 2 Ag (s) + Cl2 (g) +
B CH4 (g) → C (s) + 4H (g) -
C CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (l) +
D H2O (s) → H2O (l) -
3 The energy level diagram for the formation of water is shown.
How much energy is released when 3.6 g of water is formed?
A 48 kJ B 120 kJ C 240 kJ D 480 kJ
4 The dissolving of potassium iodide in water is an endothermic reaction.
Which graph shows the temperature changes that occur when potassium iodide is
stirred with water until no further changes in temperature are observed?
5 The energy profile diagram shows how the addition of substance Q affects a reaction
pathway.
What change is likely to be observed when Q is added to the reaction mixture?
A reaction becomes less endothermic
B reaction becomes less exothermic
C speed of reaction decreases
D speed of reaction increases
6 The energy profile diagram of a reaction is shown below. When a catalyst is added,
the activation energy of the reaction is reduced to 35 kJ/mol.
What is the enthalpy change of the catalysed reaction?
A -155 kJ/mol C +30 kJ/mol
B -30 kJ/mol D +125 kJ/mol
7 In the conversion of compound K to compound M, it was found that the use of a
catalyst causes the reaction to proceed through the formation of an intermediate
compound L.
Step 1 compound K → compound L
Step 2 compound L → compound M
What can be deduced from the diagram?
A Step 1 has a lower activation energy compared to step 2.
B Step 1 requires more energy for bond breaking than step 2.
C Steps 1 and 2 are endothermic.
D The overall reaction to convert K to M is exothermic.
8 Some redox reactions can be used to propel rockets. An example of such a reaction is
shown:
N2H4 (g) + 2 H2O2 (g) → N2 (g) + 4 H2O (g) ∆H = -789 kJ/mol
(a) (i) Construct an energy profile diagram for this reaction. Include in your
diagram the activation energy (Ea) and the enthalpy change of the
reaction.
(ii) A catalyst is added to the reaction. Draw and label a second curve in (a)(i)
to show the energy profile of the catalysed reaction.
(b) State the values of the activation energy and enthalpy change of the reverse
reaction.
Ea = …………………………………. kJ/mol
∆H = …………………………………. kJ/mol
Tips for sketching energy profile diagrams
• label axes (if not labelled) – do not use “time” for x-axis
• check the value of ∆H –
o positive - product line should be higher than reactant line
o negative – product line should be lower than reactant line
• label the reactant and product lines according to the given equation
• ensure that ∆H and Ea are clearly labelled with values
• use single-headed arrows, not double-headed arrows for ∆H and Ea
9 Use the bond energies given in the table to calculate the overall energy change for
the following reactions:
(a)
[-549 kJ/mol]
(b)
[-808 kJ/mol]
10 (a) Use the bond energies given in the table to calculate the overall energy
change for the following reaction:
2HCl → H2 + Cl2
(b) Hence, calculate the overall enthalpy change when 56 dm3 of H2 was formed at
room temperature and pressure.
11 Using the bond energies provided in the table, calculate the enthalpy change of the
following reactions and draw the energy profile diagram for each of them:
(a) 2NH3 → N2 + 3H2 [+97 kJ/mol]
(b) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH [-116 kJ/mol]
