Must
Must tương đương như từ “phải” trong tiếng Việt. Nó diễn tả một sự bắt buộc,
quy định hoặc một mệnh lệnh.
Ví dụ:
You must finish your meal before 9.00pm. ( Bạn phải ăn xong trước 9 giờ tối)
You must wash your hands before you eat. ( Bạn phải rửa tay trước khi ăn)
She must go to bed early. ( Bạn phải đi ngủ sớm)
Must được sử dụng để kết luận một sự việc theo ý kiến chủ quan của
người nói cho rằng nó là điều đương nhiên.
Ví dụ:
He passed his midterm exam. He must be so happy. ( Anh ấy thi đậu
bài thi giữa kì. Chắc anh phải ấy vui lắm.)
Anna look so sad. She must be scolded by her mother. ( Anna nhìn có
vẻ rất là buồn. Chắc cô ấy bị mẹ la.)
Have to
Have to miêu tả một hành động chủ quan mà người nói cho rằng họ
“phải” làm.
Ví dụ:
I have to wash my hair once a day. ( Tôi phải gội đầu một lần một ngày)
I have to clean my shoes before I wear them. ( Tôi phải làm sạch giày của tôi
trước khi tôi mang chúng)
Trong khi Must áp dụng được cho thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai thì Have to
được áp dụng cho thì quá khứ. Cả hai đều mang nghĩa là phải.
Ví dụ:
I must go to the swimming pool tomorrow. ( Thì tương lai ) ( Ngày mai tôi
phải đi tới chỗ hồ bơi)
I had to go to the swimming pool yesterday. ( Thì quá khứ ) ( Đáng lẽ hôm
qua tôi phải đi tới hồ bơi)
Phân biệt “must” và “have to” trong câu phủ định
Mustn’t là một quy định, lệnh ấm không được thực hiện một điều gì đó.
Ví dụ:
You mustn’t dye your hair. ( Bạn không được nhuộm tóc)
Students mustn’t be late for school. (Học sinh không được đi học trễ)
Còn Don’t have to diễn tả một sự việc không cần thiết không mang
tính bắt buộc.
Ví dụ:
You don’t have to finish all your meals. (Bạn không cần phải ăn hết đồ ăn
đâu)
You don’t have to brush your hair three times a day. ( Bạn không cần thiết
phải chải tóc tận 3 lần một ngày)
Bài tập phân biệt “must” và “have to”
Bài 1:
1. The bus goes at 10.15. She ………………….. leave at 10 if she wants to
catch it.
2. The British Library: Coats and bags ………………….. be left at the
coakroom or in a locker.
3. Jim can’t see very well. He ………………….. wear glasses.
4. You ………………….. see the film. It’s fantastic.
5. Johny, you ………………….. be nice to your mum.
6. Oh, no. It’s Monday tomorrow. I ………………….. go to school again.
7. English children ………………….. stay at school till they are 16.
8. OK. You can go to the party, but you ………………….. be back before
midnight.
9. A flight attendant: “All mobile phones ………………….. be switched off
during the takeoff.”
10. The metro station is closed. I ………………….. get a taxi.
Bài 2:
1.- At our school we __________ wear a uniform.
2.- You __________ cross the roads without looking. It’s
dangerous.
3.- You _______ turn on the central heating. It’s automatic.
4.- The exams are next week. I __________ work harder.
5.- You ________ forget your umbrella. It’s going to rain.
6.- Students _________ listen to the teacher or they
won’t understand.
7.- You _____ cross the road when the red light is showing.
8.- We __________ leave now or we’ll miss the plane.
9.- Soldiers ____________ obey orders.
10.- Sorry, I ___________ go now. I don’t want to be late.
11.- Shop assistants __________ deal with the public.
12.- You __________ come with us if you don’t want to.
13.- I was late this morning because I _________ wait a long time
for the bus.
14.- In Spain, teachers __________ wear uniforms.
15.- You ___________ take food in your room.
16.- You __________ use the elevators in case of fire.
17.- I _________ wear glasses because I can’t see very well.
18.- You ___________ read this book. It’s really good.
19.- You __________ go shopping today. We don’t
need anything.
20.- You __________ a mobile phone in class.
21.- We ___________ feed the animals. It’s forbidden.
22.- We _________ book the tickets before it’s too late.
23.- In Spain, teachers _________ work on Saturdays.
24.- In Britain you __________ drive on the left.
25.- Every player in a football team __________ have a number.
26.- You ___________ forget his birthday again.
27.- Doctors sometimes ___________ work at the weekend.
28.- Nowadays in Spain pupils ____ learn Latin at school.
29.- You __________ smoke on public places.
30.- My wife __________ go to work today. It’s a
holiday.
31.- You _________ shout. I can hear you.
32.- We ___________ be quiet in the library.
33.- You __________ use a computer on the plane.
34.- She ___________ come to the dentist’s with me.
35.- At a restaurant you _________ pay the bill but you __________
eat everything.
Bài tập bổ sung MUST vs HAVE TO
Exercise 1: Choose the correct answer for each question.
1 We have to/don’t have to/must buy a ticket when we arrive because we
paid on the internet.
2 You can’t leave your bag here. You have to/can/mustn’t keep it with
you.
3 You have to/don’t have to/mustn’t take photos of the artworks, but you
can buy a postcard in the gift shop.
4 You must/don’t have to/mustn’t make an appointment to see the nurse.
Just knock on the door.
5 I have to/must/mustn’t help you with your test. You must do it by
yourself.
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with a correct word in the box.
mustn’t don’t have to must have to must
1 We …….finish this geography project until next Friday, so we’ve got lots of
time.
2 You ………touch that dog – he can be dangerous if he doesn’t know you.
3 We ………go through the park before 9.30 p.m. because it closes at night.
4 You ……bring some strong shoes because we’re going hiking across the
hills on Sunday!
5 I hate that moment when the teacher says: ‘You can turn over your exam
papers now.’ And then the moment when he says: ‘You …… stop writing
now.’
Exercise 3: Complete the conversation with these verbs. You do not
need two of the verbs.
can anyone can’t you do you have to does he
have to
don’t have to has to have to mustn’t you
must
A: This is Monty, my pet snake. You can hold him if you like.
B:Er, maybe not! How often 1 …………. feed him?
A: He only 2 …………. have food once a week. You 3 …………. feed snakes
too often because it makes them ill.
B: And 4 …………. have special food?
A: No. Any kind of meat is fine.
B: And what does the law say? 5 …………. have a pet snake or do you need a
licence?
A: No, you 6 …………. have a licence for most snakes. You only 7 ………….
have a licence for dangerous wild animals, like lions and wolves.
B: Wow! But who would want to keep one of those?
