Department of Education

National Capital Region

7 SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE

MARIKINA CITY

Science
Quarter 3 – Module 7
Electric Charge
And Its Charging Process

Marlyn T. Aranaz
Marites R. Del Valle

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 What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you understand the electrical charge and the types of charging process. The scope
of this module permits you to understand the relation of atom and its particles to
the electric charge and its behaviour and charging process in an object.

The module contains one lesson about Electric Charge and Its Charging
Process.
After going through this module, you are expected to describe the different
types of charging. S7FE-IIIj-13
Specifically, you are expected to:
 define atom and describe its particles;
 explain how atoms become electrically charged;
 demonstrate charging by friction; and
 explain and show through diagrams the other types of charging process.

What I Know
Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What type of charging process is evident when a charged plastic spoon is used to
separate the paper from the sand?
A. conduction C. induction
B. friction D. polarization

2. What happens when an object becomes negatively charged?

A. It gains electron. C. It gains proton.
B. It loses electron. D. It loses proton.

3. If an atom has 5 electrons and 3 protons, what is the charge of the object?
A. negative charge C. no charge
B. neutral charge D. positive charge

4. How is charging by induction different from charging by conduction?

A. The charging by induction distributes the electron from one object to another.
B. The charging by conduction can transfer electron from a charged to a neutral object.
C. The charging by induction requires direct contact to object while charging by
conduction does not.
D. The charging by conduction requires direct contact to object while charging
by induction does not.

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5. Which of the following statements about the charges of an atom is CORRECT?
A. Proton has negative charge located inside the nucleus.
B. Proton has positive charge while neutron has negative charge.
C. Electron can be found on the orbital and has a negative charge.
D. Electron can be found inside the nucleus and has a negative charge.

6. According to Electrostatic Law, unlike charges ___________, like charges

____________. Which of the following is the correct pair of words to complete the
statement?
A. attract : repel C. repel : attract
B. contract : retain D. retain : contract

7. What type of charging process requires rubbing an object in order to lose or gain
an electron?
A. Conduction C. Induction
B. Friction D. Polarization

8. Which statement explains why a glass becomes positively charged when it is

rubbed by a wool cloth?
A. Protons are gained during charging process.
B. The glass acquires extra protons from the wool.
C. The glass loses electrons during the charging process.
D. The glass acquires extra protons during charging process.

9. What can be inferred when an atom is electrically charged?

A. The number of protons and neutrons are equal
B. The number of protons and electrons are equal.
C. The number of protons and neutrons are not equal.
D. The number of protons and electrons are not equal.

10. What will happen when you rub your comb to your hair and bring it near to the
bits of paper?
A. The hair will be attached to the comb.
B. The comb gains electron from the hair.
C. The hair will become positively charged.
D. The bits of paper will be attached to the comb.

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Lesson Electric Charge and its Charging
Process

What’s In
Analyze the illustrations below. Identify if it is an example of conduction,
convection or radiation.

1. ___________________ 2. __________________ 3. ____________________

4. ___________________ 5. __________________ 6. ______________________

Photo credit: Marlyn T. Aranaz

What’s New

Electricity, like heat, is one of the forms of energy. You are already familiar
with this energy since you encounter this in everyday life. However, despite being
familiar with operating appliances and machines on its existence, electricity
originated from the motion of charges.

List down the electrical appliances that you have at home. Describe how
many times you use each electrical appliance in a week. Choose from always,
sometimes, seldom and not at all.

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 Electrical Appliances At Home How many times do you use the
electrical appliance?
Electric Fan always

What Is It

Electrostatics is also called electricity at rest, which involves the electric

force, electric charge, and their behavior in materials. The electric force is the
attraction of the two electric charges, which may repel and attract while the
electric charge is an electrical property that describes charges that arise in an
atom.

You know that atom is the basic unit of a matter and it contains electron, a
negatively charged particle which is in the orbital. Every atom has a positively
charged particle that can be found inside the nucleus, which is the proton. Aside
from proton, neutron, which is uncharged particle or has no electric charge, is also
inside the nucleus.

Unlike signs attract; like signs repel

Photo credit: Aira Jaime B. Ocampo

In a triboelectric series, the materials are arranged according to their

ability to gain or lose electrons. Materials that are placed at the upper end of the
sequence will most likely give up or lose electrons and become positively charged
while materials found at the bottom end of the sequence gain electrons and become
negatively charged.

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 Photo credit: Aira Jaime B. Ocampo

Triboelectric Series

An atom can become electrically charged when the number of electrons and
protons are not equal. The charge of an atom can be identified depending on the
number of electrons and protons.

Structure of Atom

No. of Electron 2 3 4
No. of Proton 3 3 3
Lose or gain Neither lose nor
Lose electrons Gain electrons
Electron gain electron
Charge of the atom Positive charge Neutral charge Negative charge

TYPES OF CHARGING PROCESS

When charging an object, a charged object is attracted to the uncharged

object due to polarization. When a neutral object is placed near a charged object,
the charges within the neutral object are rearranged and the charged object
attracts the opposite charges within the neutral object.

Charging by Friction

This happens when materials are rubbed

which causes losing and gaining of electrons since
the electron is transferred from one object to
another. In charging by friction, there are different
materials that have the ability to hold or to give their
electron. A conductor is a material that has the
ability to allow the flow of charges while an insulator
is a material that hinders the flow of charges.
Photo credit: Aira Jaime B. Ocampo

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Charging by Induction

This charging process does not require a direct contact of the charged
materials to neutral material. The neutral charges come near to another charged
object. The charges will separate in opposite poles and the other charge will come
near to another charged object whether it is + or – charge.

Photo credit: Marlyn T. Aranaz

Charging by Conduction

This charging process requires a direct contact of the charged material to a

neutral material. If the two charged objects come in contact and both have unequal
number of charges, one must lose charges and give them to the other object. In the
process of the other object gaining charges, the two objects’ charges will then
become equal.

Photo credit: Marlyn T. Aranaz

What’s More
Activity 1: Am I Positive or Negative?
Procedure:
1. Study the data in the figure below. Identify the material and describe the charge
interaction into positive (+) or negative (-).

Triboelectric Series

Photo credit: Aira Jaime B. Ocampo

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Data Table
Materials Material Charge of the Material Charge of the
Rubbed which would material after which would material after
Together lose electrons losing gain electrons gaining
electrons electrons

Human hair Human hair + Paper _

and paper
Glass and
copper
Cotton and
paper
Vinyl and wool
Human hair
and polyester

What I Have Learned

A. Analyse the illustrations below and determine whether the charge of the atom is
Positive, Negative or Neutral. Write your answer on the space provided.

B. Answer the given questions:

1. How does an atom become electrically charged?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe the following types of charging process
a. Charging by friction
_______________________________________________________________________________
b. Charging by conduction
_______________________________________________________________________________
c. Charging by induction
______________________________________________________________________________

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 What I Can Do

Activity 1: Take Charge

Materials: salt, pepper, a plastic spoon, a piece of cloth

Procedure:
1. Scoop a half-teaspoon of salt and pepper. Stir them together.
2. Get a piece of cloth and use it to rub the plastic spoon. Do it for 30 seconds.
3. Hold the plastic spoon over the mixture. Observe the reaction of the pepper.

Guide Questions:
1. Which of the materials are positively charged?
_________________________________________________________________________

2. What do you think is the charge acquired by the plastic spoon after rubbing it
with a piece of cloth?
_________________________________________________________________________
3. How does the charging process take place in the activity?
_________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2
Look at the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

Photo credit: Aira Jaime B. Ocampo

1. Describe how a cellphone charges.
______________________________________________________________________
2. How do you know if a cellphone is charging?
______________________________________________________________________
3. Is it safe to use the phone while charging? Explain.
______________________________________________________________________

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 Additional Activities
Complete the concept map by choosing the appropriate phrase inside the box.

 Charging by Induction
 Charging by Friction
 requires direct contact with the object
 requires rubbing an object
 Charging by Conduction
 does not require direct contact with the
object

Charging by
Induction

Posttest
Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What happens when an object becomes negatively charged?

A. It gains electron. C. It loses electron
B. It gains proton. D. It loses proton.

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2. How is charging by induction different from charging by conduction?
A. Charging by induction distributes the electron from one object to another.
B. Charging by conduction can transform a neutral object to a charged to object.
C. Charging by induction requires direct contact to object while charging by
conduction does not.
D. Charging by conduction requires direct contact to object while charging
byinduction does not.

3. According to Electrostatic Law, unlike charges ___________, like charges

____________. Which pair of words will complete the statement?
A. attract : repel C. repel : attract
B. contract : retain D. retain : contract

4. What will happen when you rub your comb to your hair and bring it near to bits
of paper?
A. The hair will be attached to the comb.
B. The hair will become positively charged.
C. The comb will gain electron from the hair.
D. The bits of paper will be attached to the comb.

5. If an atom has 3 electrons and 4 protons, what is the charge of the object?
A. negative charge C. no charge
B. neutral charge D. positive charge

6. What can be inferred when an atom is electrically charged?

A. The number of protons and neutrons are equal
B. The number of protons and electrons are equal.
C. The number of protons and neutrons are not equal.
D. The number of protons and electrons are not equal.

7. Which of the following statements about the charges of an atom is CORRECT?

A. Proton has negative charge located inside the nucleus.
B. Proton has positive charge while neutron has negative charge.
C. Electron can be found on the orbital and has a negative charge.
D. Electron can be found inside the nucleus and has a negative charge.

8. What type of charging process is evident when a charged plastic spoon is used to
separate sand from the paper?
A. Conduction C. Induction
B. Friction D. Polarization

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9. When is an object considered neutrally charged?
A. if there is no charge present
B. if the number of protons and electrons are equal
C. if the number proton is less than the number of electron
D. if the number of proton is greater than the number of electron

10. Which statement explains why a glass becomes positively charged when it is
rubbed by a wool cloth?
A. Protons are gained during charging process.
B. The glass acquires extra protons from the wool.
C. The glass loses electrons during the charging process.
D. The glass acquires extra protons during charging process.

Electrostatics: Conceptual Physics 3rd Edition, P. Hewitt, Addison-Wesley

Publishing pp. 500-512

Types of Charging Process (Starbook)

https://frontlearners.com/blended/login/index.php

https://search.creativecommons.org/photos/16b7fcff-5e05-4dab-9092-
03ac79397ca2

http://ftp.igh.cnrs.fr/pub/nongnu/fhsst/Physics_Grade_10-12.pdf
http://profsite.um.ac.ir/~tavallaii/Meghdadi_A/bahar/Ph1/College%20Physics.pdf

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-2/Charging-by-Induction

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-2/Charging-by-Conduction

Friction, Induction and Conduction

https://studylib.net/doc/5406390/friction--conduction-and-induction

Friction, Induction and Conduction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-

tW9AOcXT4

“Adventures in Electroworld” by E.B. Clarion, Science Learners’ Materials 7,

Deped-BLR. 2011.

Static Electricity part two Conduction-Induction // Homemade Science with

Bruce Yeany: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6y9k6G4r8Bs

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 Answer Key

What’s In What’s New What I have Learned

Note: Other answers maybe considered
Radiation 6. object to a neutral object.
Conduction 5. sometimes Rice Cooker
involves the contact of a charged
Convection 4. sometimes Washing Machine C. Charging by Conduction
Radiation 3. object.
sometimes Electric Stove
Radiation 2.
charged object to a neutral
Convection 1. always Television
not require a direct contact of the
always Electric Fan B. Charging by Induction does
two objects together.
What’s More
object to another by rubbing the
transferred from one uncharged
Materials Material Charge Material Charge of
Rubbed which of the which the
happens when electrons are
Together would material would material 2.A. Charging by friction
lose after gain after or loses an electron.
electrons losing electrons gaining electrically charged when it gains
electrons electrons
Human
B. 1. An atom becomes
hair and Human + Paper _ 3. Negative 6. Negative
paper hair 2. Positive 5. Negative
Glass Glass + Copper _ A. 1. Neutral 4. Negative
and
copper
Cotton Cotton _ Paper + What I can Do
and Activity 1
paper
1. Cloth, salt and pepper granules are positively
Vinyl and Vinyl _ Wool +
charged.
wool
Human Human + Polyester _ 2. Plastic spoon acquired negative charge after
hair and hair rubbing with a cloth.
polyester 3. The spoon with the gained electrons attracts the
positive charges in the mixture. Pepper which is
lighter easily stick to the spoon.
Activity 2(These are the possible answers)
process requires to rub the object 6. Charging 1. The cellphone charge when plug into the
process requires direct contact to the object 5. Charging charger, a power flows from the outlet to the
object charger then to the phone.
process does not require direct contact to the 4. Charging 2. The lightning bolt icon that appears in the
by Friction 3. Charging cellphone indicates that it is charging.
by Conduction 2. Charging For no. 3, students may have varied answers.
by Induction 1. Charging
Additional Activities

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 Development Team of the Module

Writers: Marlyn T. Aranaz

Marites R. Del Valle

Content Editors: Jessica S. Mateo

Romencita D. Gollayan
Roda S. Abueva

Language Editor: Kristine Joyce G. Montejo

Illustrators: Aira Jaime B. Ocampo
May Anne G. Pasco
Layout Artist: Jemwel Dela Paz
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Jessica S. Mateo
EPS-Science

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – LRMS

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