DISCUSS ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING 7 & 8 MARKS
1. Define nosocomial infection. Enumerate type of nosocomial [Link] an
account of the organism.
2. Structure of bacterial cell.
3. Laboratory Identification
4. Motility of Bacteria
5. Types of Culture Media
6. Collection and Transport of sample
7. Optical /light microscope
8. Florescent microscopy
9. Dark Ground Microscopy
[Link]'s postulate
[Link] Pasteur
[Link] Koch
[Link] of microscope
[Link] and function of bacterial cell wall
[Link] growth curve
[Link] staining techniques in microbiology
[Link] of a nurse in control of hospital acquired infection
[Link]
[Link] sterilization
[Link] of infection and infection diseases
[Link] susceptibility testing
[Link] heat methods of sterilization
[Link] determining potency of disinfectants and elaborate on alcohol and
aldehydes used disinfectant
[Link] various agents used in sterilization. Explain working of autoclave(repeat
any autoclave)
[Link] Precautions
[Link] heat of sterilization
[Link] of bacterial agents and their action on bacterial cell
[Link] of nosocomial infection
[Link] of nurse in handling patients with pathogenic diseases
[Link] and arrangement of bacterial cell
[Link] control nurse
[Link] condition caused by staphylococcus pyogenes
[Link] agents
[Link] diagnosis of urinary tract infection caused by E. coli
[Link] and cultural characteristics of vibrio cholerae
[Link] of Erythroceptic schizogory stage of Plasmodium falciparum
[Link] of antigen of HIV
[Link] of Rabies virus. Add a note on antirabies vaccines
[Link] diagnosis of Shigella dysentery
[Link] albicans
[Link] the chemical agents used in sterilisation. Discuss various examples of
alcohols and their uses.
[Link] methods for identification of bacteria
[Link] various agents used in sterilisation (explain the working of an autoclave)
[Link] the term antibiotic. Give an account of drug inhibiting nucleic acid
synthesis
[Link] of Hospital waste and its treatment
[Link] lesions caused by Staphylococcus aureus
[Link] supparative complications of streptococcus pyogenes infection
[Link] diagnosis of enteric fever
[Link] liver abscess
[Link] heat method of sterilisation
[Link] contributing to microbial pathogenicity
[Link] acquired infection
[Link] of infection to man
[Link] disinfectants
[Link] Safety measures to be followed in a hospital setting
[Link] of action of antibiotics on bacterial cell
[Link] of transmission of infection in man and their examples
[Link] an account of collection and transport of clinical specimens to the
laboratory.
[Link] of nurse in infection control
[Link] of nosocomial infection
[Link] waste management in a hospital/ methods of disposal of infection
waste
[Link] of mycobacterium tuberculosis.
[Link] nutrition
[Link] spores
[Link]
[Link] predisposing to microbial pathogenicity
[Link] of virulence
[Link] of antibiotics in treatment of bacterial infection
[Link] standard measures to be adopted by a nurse to prevent a needle stick
injury in ward.
[Link] inhibiting protein synthesis of bacteria.
[Link] used in the hospital.
[Link] agents inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis.
[Link] sterilisation and elaborate on use of filters in sterilisation.
[Link] standard safety measures to be adopted by hospital personnel.
[Link] bacteriostatic antimicrobial agent. 79)Elaborate on drug inhibiting protein
synthesis.
[Link] is an antibiotic? Elaborate on drug inhibiting protein synthesis.
[Link] sterilisation. Elaborate on chemical agents used as antiseptic and
disinfectants.
[Link] antibiotics and elaborate on drug acting on cell wall and cytoplasmic
membrane.
DISCUSS IN DETAIL/SHORT NOTES (ANY 3) 15 MARKS
1. Structure and function of bacterial cell wall.
2. Staining techniques commonly used in bacteriology.
3. Laboratory methods for identification of bacteria.
4. Morphology and culture characters of Meisseria meningitis.
5. Cryptococcus
6. Polio virus
7. Life cycle of Trichuris trichiuria.
8. Active immunity
9. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions.
[Link] tests/reaction
[Link]
[Link] techniques in microbiology
[Link] various agents used in sterilisation. Explain the working of an autoclave.
[Link]
[Link] and modes of transmission of HIV
[Link] cycle of entamoeba histolytica.
[Link].
[Link] immunity
[Link] for various diseases.
[Link] mediated immunity/cells involved in cell mediated immunity.
[Link] growth curve and environmental factors affecting growth.
[Link] of culture media. Give its composition and uses of media.
[Link] reaction.
[Link] immunization schedule.
[Link] of IV hypersensitivity reaction.
[Link] immunity.
[Link]
[Link] of rabies.
[Link] diseases/morphology and cultural characteristics of
Staphylococcus aureus.
[Link] capsule, flagella and spores.
[Link] caused by salmonellae.
[Link] diagnosis of HIV infection.
[Link] and life cycle of Trichuris trichiura.
[Link]
[Link] features of immediate and delayed type of hypersensitivity.
[Link] vaccines.
[Link] different types of culture media used for bacterial cultivation along with
example.
[Link] label and discuss bacterial cell.
[Link] various microscopes and their uses in diagnostic microbiology.
[Link] dysentery.
[Link] B
[Link] cycle of ascaris lumbricoides
[Link] mycoses
[Link] factors in innate immunity
[Link]
[Link] virulence and pathogenicity. Elaborate the factors predisposing to
microbial pathogenicity.
[Link] of antibiotics in treatment of bacterial infection
[Link] reaction
[Link] of T cells
[Link] test
[Link] of microscopes for the morphological study of bacteria
[Link] meningitis
[Link]
[Link]
55. Delayed hypersensitivity
[Link] test
[Link]
[Link] anatomy
[Link] resistant Staphylococcus aureus
[Link] diagnosis in case of pulmonary tuberculosis
[Link] and modes of transmission of Hepatitis B virus
[Link] cycle of plasmodium vivax
[Link] attributes of microbial pathogenicity giving suitable examples
[Link] diagnosis of syphilis
[Link] A and E viruses
[Link] of immune response
[Link] in gel
[Link] cell wall and capsule
[Link] of motility in bacteria
[Link]
[Link] diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
[Link] employed in the laboratory to determine mobility in bacteria
[Link] organs
[Link] bacterial nutritional requirements. Also draw and explain bacterial
growth curve.
[Link] and diseases caused by vibrio cholerae. Add a note on diagnosis.
[Link] diagnosis and treatment of malaria. Add a note on complications of
Plasmodium falciparum.
[Link] blood borne viral infection in brief.
[Link] prophylaxis.
[Link] between active and passive immunity
[Link]
[Link] immunization
[Link] diagnosis of Staphylococcal infection
[Link] I hypersensitivity reaction
[Link] of culture media in isolation and identification of bacteria in the laboratory
[Link] and morphological types of bacteria with examples
[Link] and handling of vaccines
[Link] diagnosis of enteric fever
[Link] and cultural characteristics of neisseria gonorrhoeae
[Link] of bacteria and its significance in men
[Link] of aldehydes and halogens in disinfectants
[Link] the term antibiotic and elaborate on drug inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis
[Link] for various diseases
93. Role of peripheral lymphoid organ in immunity
[Link] cycle of whip worm
[Link]
[Link] IV hypersensitivity
97.A.S.O. test
[Link] structure Of an ideal bacterial cell. Add a note on bacterial spore
[Link] and cultural characteristics of Pneumococci
100. Microbial culture
101. Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
102. Life cycle of Roared worm
103. Types of vaccines
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING (ONE LINE ANSWER) 1 MARK
1. Give one function of fimbriae
2. Name one liquid media used in the laboratory
3. Define the term carrier in infection
4. What is the role of capsule in bacteria
5. What is selective media
6. Name the type of microscope that employs reflected light
7. Give one function of bacterial capsule
8. Name two nosocomial pathogen
9. Name one mode of HIV transmission
[Link] one type of delayed hypersensitivity reaction
[Link] generation time
[Link] one use of silver impregnation staining method
[Link] any two points of Koch’s Postulates
[Link] are bacteria that can synthesis all their organic compounds called
[Link] the antibody elevated in in parasitic infections
[Link] two dermatophytes causing infection in man
[Link] are chemotrophs
[Link] the opportunistic infections in HIV infected patient
[Link] is cold chain
[Link] is enrichment media? Give examples
[Link] the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus
22. What is cryptococcosis
[Link] two vaccines used for prophylactic immunization of polio
[Link] two uses of ELIZA
[Link] the scientist who first developed a vaccine for rabies
[Link] two primary mediator of anaphylaxis
[Link] two fungal infection
[Link] Septicaemia
[Link] are dermatophytes
[Link] the types of bacterial filters
[Link] are arboviruses?
[Link] any two supporative lesion caused by streptococcus pyogens
[Link] are the contribution of Louis Pasteur to the field of Microbiology
[Link] any two congenital infection of new born
[Link] opportunistic infections
[Link] two media used for growing fungi
[Link] two agents used for gaseous sterilization
[Link] any two nosocomial pathogens
[Link] a carrier
[Link] is the selective medium for Vibrio cholerae
[Link] are toxoids
[Link] is inspissation
[Link] two pigments produced by pseudomonas
[Link] the organism which causes acute rheumatic fever as a sequelae to
repeated throat infection
[Link] tuberculosis is commonly grown in which medium?
[Link] one mode of HIV transmission
[Link] two species of Candida
[Link] the difinitive host involved in the life cycle of plasmodium vivax
[Link] one diseases caused by chlamychia trachomatis
[Link] two confirmatory tests for pseudomonas
[Link] are Mycoplasma?
[Link] the four different phases in a bacterial growth curve
[Link] is the optimum temperature of growth for most pathogenic bacteria
and what are they called ?
[Link] is the causative agent of Diphtheria
[Link] two differences between Escherichia and Klebsiella species
56. Name two methods to demonstrate motility
[Link] two tests to identify Candida albicans
[Link] two ingredients used to solidify media
[Link] is the staining technique used for mycobacterium tuberculosis
[Link] nosocomial infection
[Link] a nematode worm that causes anaemia in man
[Link] the surgeon who introduced antiseptic techniques in surgery
[Link] the organ of locomotion in bacteria
[Link] healthy carrier
[Link] the causative agent of Tetanus
[Link] an example of slide elocculation test
[Link] the term Microbiology
68. Who coined the term vaccine
[Link] two branches of microbiology
[Link] one vaccine used for immunization against typhoid
[Link] one method used for treatment of microbiological waste
[Link] the cells infected by HIV
[Link] one fungus which is capsulated
[Link] is the gold standard for detection of malarial parasites
[Link] type of motility does vibrio cholerae possess
[Link] one injectable vaccine used for immunization of polio
[Link] any one selective medium
[Link] does the term microaerophilic bacteria mean
[Link] do you mean by term accessory growth factors
[Link] is called father of surgery
[Link] one function of bacterial flagellum
[Link] one hepatitis virus which is transmitted through faeco- oral route
[Link] a vaccine that is usually given at birth
[Link] one example of enrichment media
[Link] of gas used for fumigation of operation theatres
[Link] one factor predisposing to microbial pathogenicity
[Link] one most common standard test used for syphilis
[Link] one bacteria which can not be cultivated
[Link] is the mode of transmission of Hepatitis A
[Link] name of Trichuris trichiuria
[Link] the fungus which is commonly associated with meningitis in HIV
infected patient
[Link] one substance which can be added to make a simple media enriched
[Link] one example of latex media agglutination
94. Give one example of mechanical vector
[Link] the disease caused by Triponema pallidum
[Link] one lesion caused by the fungus aspergillus niger
97. Name the sexually transmitted virus
[Link] are capnophilic bacteria
[Link] two organisms commonly responsible for nosocomial infection
100. Define the term sterilization
101. Name one substance used to solidify media
102. Name one chemotherapeutic agent acting on bacterial cell wall
103. What is the unit of measurement of size of bacteria
104. Name one bacterial cell appendages
105. Give one example of enrichment media
106. Name the bacterium which produces the enzyme Coagulase
107. Name one hepatitis virus which is transmitted orally
108. What is the Nature of light employed in dark ground illumination
microscopy.
109. Name the first two criteria defined in Koch’s Postulates
110. Give one example of anaerobic media
111. What is iatrogenic infection
112. What is the principle of Wasserman test for syphilis
113. What is selective media
114. Define adjuvants
115. Give full form of RIA
116. Two modes of transmission for Herpes simplex 2 virus
117. Give an example of yeast like fungus
118. What is pyemia?
119. What is transport media?
120. Give two uses of hot air oven
121. Give one example of yeast
122. Mention the full form of ELISA
123. Name two important modes of transmission of Hepatitis B virus
124. Name the organism that does not satisfy Koch’s Postulates
125. Name the selective medium for growing vibrio cholerae
126. How do you sterilize a thermometer
127. Name the vector which transmit malaria
128. Give two differences between precipitation reaction and
agglutination reaction
129. What is the antigen used in agglutination?(particulate/ soluble)
130. Difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria (any 4
points)
131. Draw and label
●Patriarchate flagella
●Monotrichate flagella
132. Enumerate natural defence mechanism(at least 4 points)
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Microorganisms are grouped under a separate kingdom called ___
2. Bacteria that grow at temperatures below 20 degree are called ___
3. Cell wall deficient in form of gram positive bacteria are known as ___
4. The centre of protein synthesis in bacteria is ___
5. Tubercle bacilli and vibrio cholera were discovered by ___
6. Study of fungi pathogenic to man referred to as ___
7. Staining techniques were introduced by ___
8. Resolution power of the eye is ___
9. Study of insects which serve is vectors transmitting diseases to man is ___
10. Microbes were first observed under ground glass lenses by ___
11. Bacteria that require 5 - 10% carbon dioxide for primary isolation are called
___
12. Bacteria move with the help of ___
13. Solidification of culture media is achieved by using ___
14. The primary stain is used in gram staining is ___
15. The cell wall gives the bacterial cell its ___
16. The resting and highly resistant form of bacteria is called ____
17. The vector responsible for transmitting dengue virus is ___
18. The serological test most commonly used in the diagnosis of typhoid fever is
____ test.
19. ____ is an intestinal protozoa that causes diarrhea in AIDS.
20. ____ is used for disinfection of clinical thermometer.
21. Excellent method for safety destroying pathological materials is ____
22. The highly resistant resting stages of some bacteria is called as ____
23. Gram positive cocci arraged in chains is called as ____
24. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies demonstrated in the brain of animal dying
of rabies is called as ____
25. ____ is a system of storage for transport of vaccines at low temperature.
26. The branch of microbiology that deals with the study of viruses pathogenic
to man is known as ____
27. Bacteria that grow best at temperature of 25 - 40°c are called ____
28. An example of an antibiotic that inhibits cell wall synthesis is ____
29. The vector that transmit malaria is ____.
30. The nature of antigen in a precipitation test is ____
31. Sharply defined structue around the bacteria is ____
32. ____ is the marker test for identification of staphylococcus aureus.
33. ____ gas is widely employed for sterilization of operation theatre.
34. Infectious disease transmitted from animals to man are called ____
35. Bacteria that grow best in presence of low oxygen concentration are called
____
36. Antistreptolysin O test diagnostic in ____
37. The organ of adhesion of bacteria is ____
38. V D R L stands for ____
39. Contact dermatitis is an example of ____
40. ____ is the non - venereal infection caused by neisseria gonorrhea.
41. Dark ground microscopy is used for the defection of ____
42. Ability of pathogen to cross the placental barrier and infects the fetus in
utero is termed as ____
43. ____ is the first viral marker to appear in blood after infection with hepatitis
B.
44. Syphilis is caused by ____
45. The causative agent of gas gangrene is ____
46. Agents which do not kill the bacteria but prevent their multiplication are
called ____
47. Vibrio cholerae shows ____ type of motility.
48. One important disease of the eye caused by chlamydia is ____
49. The organism that produce coagulase enzyme is ____
50. The causative agent of Typhoid is ____
51. Killed vaccine used against polio is ____
52. Ringworm infection is caused by ____
53. The infective stage of entamoeba histolytica is ____
54. The branch of microbiology dealing with the study of fungi pathogenic to
man is called ____
55. ____ is an example of a phenolic disinfectary.
56. ____ is an example of negative staining for capsuler organism.
57. The vector responsible for transmitting Japanese encephalitis is ____
58. An organism producing coagulase enzyme is ____
59. ____ is an example of a differential medium.
60. An example of Enrichment media is ____
61. The type of heat employed in a hot air oven is ____ heat.
62. The causative agent of amoebic dysentery is ____.
63. An example of antigen presenting cell is ____.
64. The branch of microbiology that deals with the study of parasites is known
as ____.
65. An example of anaerobic media is ____
66. The type of heat employed in an autoclave is ____ heat.
67. The causative agent of malaria belongs to the genes ____.
68. An example of Live attenuated vaccine is ____
69. Circulation of bacteria in the blood is referred to as ____.
70. Sterilization of endoscopes is achieved by the use of ____.
71. Acute rheumatic fever is a sequelae, following infection with ____.
72. In humans, ____ disease is called by hydrophobia.
73. One who harbours the pathogen but has never suffered from disease is
called as ____
74. Syphilis is caused by____.
75. ____ strains of escherichia coli do not ferment sucrose.
76. Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they lack.
77. ____ can be demonstrated in brain in rabies infection.
78. Endemic typhus is caused by ____
79. Bacteria which can synthesis all their organic compound are called ____.
80. The ____ measures the number of living cells, that is cells capable of
multiplication.
81. ____ are the bacteria have flexous spiral forms.
82. The criteria laid down to prove that a microorganism is the causative agent
of an infectious disease are called ____
83. An example of differential staining technique employed in microbiology is
____
84. Autoclave is a procedure of sterilization employing ____ heat.
85. The causative agents of bacillary dysentery belongs to the genus ____
86. The cell involved in antibody mediated Immunity are ____.
87. Motility in bacteria is due to the presence of ____.
88. Bacteria that grow in the presence of oxygen are called ____ bacteria.
89. Flaming is a procedure of sterilization employing ____.
90. Spores of ____ are employed to determine the efficacy of an Autoclave.
91. Microbes were first observed in 1675 by Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek who
described them as ____
92. ____ short, thin, hair like structures arising from the cell membrane which
function as organs of attachment of adherence.
93. The name of the stain used for demonstrating features of fungi is ____
94. Tissue culture is the method for cultivation of ____
95. Artificial environment used for the growth of microorganisms is called as
____
96. A beam of electrons is employed instead of bean of light in ____
97. The commonest organism responsible for causing urinary tract infection is
____
98. The branch of microbiology which deals with protozoa, nematodes &
helminths is called as ____
99. The organ of locomotion in bacteria is ____
100. Infectious disease transmitted to man from animals are termed ____
disease.
101. The mordant used in gram staining is ____
102. Gram negative bacteria appears ____ in colour on gram staining.
103. Aseptic techniques in surgery were introduced by ____
104. Cholera is caused by ____
105. Gram negative bacteria with damaged cell wall are called ____.
106. In a precipitation reaction the antigen should be ____ in nature.
107. ____ is widely employed for fumigation of operation theatres.
108. An example of a live vaccine against tuberculosis is ____.
109. Mode of infection by injection or bite is known as ____.
110. Tuberculosis is caused by ____
111. An antigen antibody reaction in which a florescent dye labeled antibody is
used called as ____
112. The microorganisms that causes disease in an immune compromised host
are known as ____
113. The instrument that causes moist heat(steam) under pressure for in
sterilization is called ____
114. Ability of a microbial spices to produce disease is called ____
115. Immunoelectrophoresis is an example of ____
116. Time required by a bacterium to give rise to two daughter cells under
optimum conditions is termed as ____
117. The study of vectors is called as ____
118. The decolourizing agent used in acid fast staining is ____
119. The principle of VDRL test is ____
120. Mixture of iodine & surface active agent are termed ____.
121. Diphtheria is caused by ____
122. The antigen - antibody reaction between a soluble antigen & its
corresponding antibody is called ____
123. The bacteria that survive & grow at or above 55°c are called ____
