Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 1 [ “pt | Gas from a bottle of compressed helium is | used to inflate an inelastic flexible balloon, originally folded completely flat to a volume of 0.5m’. If the barometer reads 760 mm Ha, what is the amount of work done upon the atmosphere by the balloon? Sketch the system before and after the process [Ans: 50.66k)] i Pe ame displarm er Or Wri belly Ww: ra +f pt lok Jf ae WerLor ses oe Neth wed = Souger 2 When the value of the evacuated bottle is ” opened, atmospheric air rushes into i Ifthe : ‘stmasphetic pressure is 101.325 kPa, and 0.6 diy \acerront re, y im of sir (measured at atmospheric We pao [PAV conditions) enters into the bottle, calculate gine Fee, the work done by alt. Bae dose oee __ Tans: 60.8 13] - “Rat 23 ‘J A piston and cylinder machine containing @ fluid system has a: stirring device in the: prlorgrk Pe 1 gylinder (Fig.). The piston is frictionless, and t Wore dine by itis held down against the fluid due to the wW a Bde wpe tee etmospheric pressure of 101.325 kPa. The Rn, og Wye CPA stiming device is turned 10,000 revolutions [A he (pA 2} ith en average torque against the fluid of WysWork dene Tlol22n VAC os 75 mN. Meanwhile the piston of 0.6 m “gprady devite Up™ in. re diameter moves out 0.8m, Find the net work | sme syste aA ene ee asset transfer for the system. N= 20 Ts Se mony __[Ans=- 57.1 10] Zale $0000 212 EAe MIE Weet = Sod ein Efe) A pump forces 1 m/min of water| Flow ep ={rafmia = Leu see RPS orizontally from an open well to a closed tank where the pressure is 0.9 MPa. Compute the work the pump must do upon the water in en hour just to force the water into the rank against the pressure. Sketch the system upon which the work is done before and after the process. (ans. 13.33 40/5) (b)lf the work done as above upon the water had been used solely to raise the same amount of water vertically against gravity without change of pressure, how many meters would the water have been elevated? (Ans. 91.74 m) {(o)lf the work done in (a) upon the water had been used solely to accelerate the water from ze10 velocity without change of pressure or tlevation, what velocity would the water have reached? If the work had been used to ‘accelerate the water from an initial velocity of 10 m/s, what would the final velocity have been? (Ans. 42.4 m/s; | 43.6 m/s) | Prelobms | diaichar 2 trey 33sn5 > Pez o-atvipa = oan icbPa = 0-91 of Ne Wows = AP? orgn ISPs =(goo-ler ger *L - 3-29 Kd/s knw migs 60 . mm sos ps ognt qBIRlo oOMaulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 1 10 — | 1 The piston of an oil engine, of area 0.0045 m?, moves downwards 75 mm, drawing in, 0.00028 mv’ of fresh air from the atmosphere. ‘The pressure in the cylinder is uniform during the process at 80 kPa, while the atmospheric | pressure is 101.325 kPa, the difference being | due to the flow resistance in the induction. | pipe and the inlet valve. Estimate the | displacement work done by the air finally in the cylinder. (Ans. 27 3) ‘An engine cylinder has a piston of area 0.12 m’ and contains gas at a pressure of 1.5 MPa. The gas expands according to a process | which is represented by a straight line on a pressure-volume diagram. The final pressure is 0.15 MPa. Calculate the work done by the ‘gas on the piston if the stroke is 0.30 m. [Ans. 29.7 13] ‘Amass of 1.5 kg of ait is compressed ina | quasi-static process from 0.1 MPa to 0.7 MPa for which pv= constant. The initial density of | air is 1.16 kg/m? | Find the work done by the piston to compress the air. [Ans-251.62 kJ] A mass of gas is compressed in a quasi-static | process from 80 kPa, 0.1 m’ to 0.4 MPa, 0.03 | m®, Assuming that the pressure and volume are related by pv" = constant, find the work | done by the gas system, [Ans. - 11.83 13] TA single-cylinder, double-acting, reciprocating | water pump has an indicator diagram which is | a rectangle 0.075 m long and 0.05 m high. The indicator spring constant is 147 MPa per |m. The pump runs at 50 rpm. The pump | cylinder diameter is 0.15 m and the piston | stroke is 0.20 m. Find the rate in kW at which the piston does work on the water. | fAns.433 KW) A. single-cylinder, —single-acting, engine of 0.15 m bore develops an indicated | power of 4 kW when running at 216 rpm. | Calculate the area of the indicator diagram | that would be obtained with an indicator having a spring constant of 25 x 106 N/m’. [e length of the indicator diagram is 0.1 times the length of the stroke of the engine. Ans. 505 mm?) 4 stroke | Volume =O : e 9.0008 = 8° arm 2 ET 4 Prt rs MPs” Pr= otsmpe Do pre zhi sey 226-24 5+ a oe TET Wirz plo B) Ca TO: inne stagale (S25 D ite ee ae Vie ee wistaar BOK) —4verc TPR = VST pwns = pivo" Iw ytrlewy faith ne 508 nln (Wyn > MO reel = rosy sober Wye Poe 5 ots Koen (thom RT Ret) Ty releesonn en pee iar sk E rev else TPT 4K en Jer % EL (lg> pensive eA - Tpolds be KeaA™Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 1 11] A six-cylinder, 4-stroke gasoline engine is run || at a speed of 2520 RPM, The area of the Wy indicator card of one cylinder is 2.45 x 10° MW - Aa mm’ and its length is $8.5 mm. The spring | 150. —4 TP > Por tA an constant is 20x 0° N/m* . The bore of the ee cylinders is 140 mm and the piston stroke is. 150 mm. Determine the indicated power, assuming that each cylinder contributes an ___equal power. [Ans. 243.57 kW] 12 A fluid, contained in a horizontal cylinder fitted with a frictionless leakproof piston, is continuously agitated by means of a stirrer passing through the cylinder cover. The cylinder diameter is 0.40 m. During the Stirring process lasting 10 minutes, the piston slowly moves out a distance of 0.485m against the atmosphere. The net work done by the fluid during the process is 2 KJ. The speed of the electric motor driving the stirrer In is 840 rpm. Determine the torque in the shaft ee AV and the power output of the motor. [Ans. ‘ {oo Rody ou s 0.08 mN, 6.92 W] . ao Oe. hes 13 At the beginning of the compression stroke of @ two-cylinder internal combustion engine the AEM. YCo) [qorero 0 air is at a pressure of 101.325 kPa. Compression reduces the volume to 1/5 of its original volume, and the law of compression is given by pv' = constant. If the bore and stroke of each cylinder is 0.15 m and 0.25 m, respectively, determine the power absorbed ren in KW by compression strokes when the 7 engine speed is such that each cylinder ve undergoes 500 compression strokes PV. per minute. t Wye = ‘Ans. 17.95 kW) Z 74 Determine the total work done by a gas Quake ‘system following an expansion process 2 shown in Fig. F (ogeorna + nue oi 48 kn, —™, n. Vv; n ; pave os no Pe s | ¢ oo ae | | 02 04 08 = 5oxto «| ae rd vem (08) | fans..2952.m3)_ Zo: mnie Py 15 | A system of volume contains a mass Bf of 1 | set ese pand tempura 7 | } | The macroscopic properties of the system |__| obey the following relationshi |ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Maulana Azad National Institute of 0 ‘Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology Bhopal Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 1 (ors Terp Peper | (0° Jo-w- mRT (p+ ayycy-ny eens vA mle, where a, and Rare constants, Obtain an) py = 0 F expression for the displacement work done by VE) erty 6 the system during a constant-temperature | p> = Cae Ss expansion from volume Vi to volwne V2. pv a a Ceteulate the work done by a system which | yy Oe Nat ales (ee a contains 10 kg of this gas expanding from 1} ‘N49 ~ © qhres, Wal. ¢ ay to 10 m’ at a temperature of 293 K. Use $e a3 WATT (pas. nC, a a the values @ = 15.7% 10° Nt, b= LO7x| = (F557 A, av WU gph tid 10° mv, and R= 0.278 Wyko-K. [Ans. Bee) ea, 1742.14 13] . > cf eaty 4 afb \ ef 4] ae latvyt a] = ven) oe Te If a gas of volume 6000 cm’ and at a = Pvc PvE f pressure of 100 kPa is compressed Wy = PX i 1 quasistatically according to p= constant until the volume becomes 2000 cm’. determine the final pressure and the work transfer. [Ans. 900 kPa, 1.210] {7A piston-cylinder device contains 0.05 m3 of a {ges initially at 200 kPa. At this state, a linear spring having a spring constant of 150 kN/m ig touching the piston but exerting no force fon it Now heat is transferred to the gas, ‘causing the piston to rise and to compress the spring until the volume inside the cylinder doubles. If the cross-sectional area of the piston is 0.25 m?, determine (a) the final pressure inside the cylinder, (b) the total work done by the gas, and (c) the fraction of this work dop@ against the spring to compress it [Ans. (a) 320 kPa, (b) 13 3, (2343) K piston-oylinder device, whose piston is resting on a set of stops, initially contains 3 kg of air at 200 kPa and 27°C. The mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 400 kPa ig required to move it Heat is now transferred | to the air until its volume doubles. Detennine the work done by the air and the total beat transferred to the air. [Ans, 516 13, 2674 40] Virverbys [Link] my Pre grove Vy. oe? Wy, . Mrened ctfres EJ ne rarer oes + ayo xo S TB 4NS se 9 dupe yo Sen Ps 23K"| Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 2 1 | Unit mass of a certain fluid is contained in 2 cylinder at an initial pressure of 20 bar. The fluid is allowed to expand reversibly behind a piston according to law PV? =constant until the volume is doubled, | The uid is then cooled reversibly at constant pressure until the piston regains | ts onainat position; heat is then supplied reversibly with the piston firmly locked in Position until the pressure rises to the. original value of 20 bar. Calculate the net | work done by the Muid, for an initial volume of 0.05 m’, [Ans=25 k)} 2 | Sx grams of airis contained in the cylinder shown in Fig, The air is heated ‘until the piston raises 50 mm. The spring Just touches the piston initially. Calculate (a) the temperature when the piston leaves the stops and (b) the work done | by the air on the piston. a ae SM a-2) Inia: Bae Wy 2 aa? Ae. Ww Papi Rp = W* fad eee | Homm Wars Thm | Z shee > 1 | LE P\Ap= Wt Rite Tere = | Pea Piz Wet Ram — | Ans: 530 K, 0.804 J) 4 ° [Link]. 409 FB = 193-6 BPS [2 | The air in a circular cylinder (Fig) is “ tf WE Wi heated until the spring is compressed 50 boerit | mm, Find the work done by the air on the | Py-hp-vw-+t Par-Ay oap ot |__| frictionless piston. The spring is initially . ast ae || unstretched, as shown, Wat + babe AE [0 2 | — he Pre s3ien kPa * BeBe yoo hereon Ane? VM AVT 1988 t Py = 624s Kpa Bie iE Wee Sos + kx aMaulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 2 ie oo 4 Two kilograms of air experiences the | - three-process cycle shown in Fig. i, = Lue (10-2 Calculate the net work 2 BOOKS Papa Vu =P ns . Wa: Bvsb( i) 2 7 Mother > wo RK) olo(3) T1609 GT 109, —loour sg | 5 @ | Woot = 889 Tleew | Sa aT im : Bod [er | | tans=-809 ka] | 5 | Air contained in a circular cylinder (Fig. | $38) is heated until 2 100-kg weight is ° | raised 0.4 m, Calculate PitAp > LEB + Rabo Pp | the work done by the expanding air on {pe 1 ‘the weight. Atmospheric pressure is 80 s | | ipa. a v2 WAS go 2 (evPrZ (oa cl 2-82848° Pre 93-898 EPs Wwe (Pe Ar} te4 = 93.678 94, (0-¥ xO4 = 2 bsgter Frctonless el \be 26x41 | 6 | A paddle wheel requires a torque of 20 fe > Inf to rotate it at 100 rpm, If it rotates for | Tory = 20 FEnI bE Si ouesennel 20 s, caleulate the net work done by the © 2oriztesenvo air if the frictionless piston raises 2 ft 27am during this time. Wok sud cari atta oni aS Sy Apt any wh 20 Wogz 5-68 eT | Prstap= WW + Pat Aap 7 2 Pye Wh + Pabs WHE. , roo nosUKG Bl = Peg (on aesupt) (an rexpoe gia) Tooo *B- (gn2enist)Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 211 Engineering Thermodynamics Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 2 Se ee | M3 (Fig,). The weight | 8nd the piston maintain a constant cage Bressure of 100 kPa, Determine the net ‘work done by the 935 on the 3 | surroundings | Neglect ali friction | | We Foust | sepe4yst We 21405 wep net w-pev = (po tive ar et = 3440- 4480 i bate 25403, } A 100-k | increased volume in the cylinder of 0.002 | | | | | | S "The force needes to compress 8 nonlinear Wondne = = fed Fe 20a +30k* ef Wee: (ee = e SLA) a gertem? VW = FRAP fae see — oo Arter]; “Ws Voor og + WS (Our ao teh a , wnee Fis in psi and V6 mn £3. Inibatty the pressure « 7 psia end the volume is 3 12 Determine tie work one if the final pressure 15 50 psia. Snow the sree that cepresents the work on @ P- | ¥Gagram .Reon feat Rake! etme ere ee ' of Mechaneca! Engineering ' wen theron ‘Section: M3 Tutorial: Unit 1 Part 2 4 lov 11] A undergoes 8 trreeipracece cycle tek Wyogorti97 87 Rmenwen eo RTC oe Vee Ryo en trocesees Bre H te men 1 2 constant-prescure expansion 3 wi De 3 constant volume 201 CONAN teTIne she COMPSON | v> Wye G02 . ¥ ‘The necessary information ic Th = 100°C, | Wy = hevev Nain 7h? sin coal = ogo seer QE le the ovcle on 8 Pa’ . : a x co ny cane) | dagen a ho mes sles igigear™ ey Ay = ha. Ant! Pidage Pndp oF Proc Fob te kp F-Parote > ew fina pee hb J 3 Jee des . z (asoae yh Bl ospoess= LOMo wy 1 = 75 Zle 20° 638m ‘hr etecine meta Sows 3A from the 12 L DER CHE AIG). Monety percent of tmeenep suse ‘Spin The Gade whee! shown. After SOs 9 aperetan the 3o-kg piston Is raised a Distance of LOO eam. ‘Determme tit met work Gone by the gas on The aurrouangs. Use Aatm = 95 kPa. +e TIONG, mgt 30" Pus qa-yes BPs yw wiavea Maca Ws 4h