Linear Function
By: Muhammad Luqman Qadir
Function
• In mathematics, a function is a relation that assigns each element
from a set called the domain to exactly one element in another set
called the codomain.
Key Concepts:
1.Domain: The set of input values (usually denoted as x).
2.Codomain/Range: The set of possible output values (usually denoted
as y or f(x)).
3.Rule/Mapping: A function defines a rule associating each input with
one output.
Function
Input Function Output
Example 1:
F(x) = x2 when x is even
F(x) = x + 4 when x is odd
Solution:
F(2) = 4
F(7) = 11
Practice Question
F(a) = the next number will start with the
same letter as variable ‘a’
Types of Functions
Linear Function: f(x)=2x+3
•This function takes an input x, multiplies it by 2, and adds 3.
Quadratic Function: f(x)=x2+5x+4
•This function outputs the square of the input plus 5 times the
input, plus 4.
Trigonometric Function: f(θ)=sin(θ)
•This function returns the sine of the angle θ.
Recognizing linear functions
Linear Equation = Change in X / Change in Y will always be constant
Note: if not constant then the function will be non-linear
Example:
Diljit Singh is working with people that contain the following points:
X Y
1 11
2 14
3 19
4 26
5 35
Is this Function is linear or non-linear?
Graphs of Linear Equations
Y = 2X + 7 Is this
function linear or
non-linear?
Modeling with linear equations
A gym is offering a deal to new members. Customers can sign up by
paying a registration fee of $200 and a monthly fee of $39. How much
will this membership cost a member by the end of the year? "Would
you like me to calculate the total cost for the year?
• To calculate the total cost by the end of the year:
The registration fee is $200 (one-time)
The monthly fee is $39
Final Equation:
C = 200 + 39M
C = Cost, M = No. of Month
Graphs of Linear Equations
At the airport, you can change your money from dollars to Euros. The
service costs $5, and for every additional dollar, you get 0.7 Euros.
Make a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph
to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50.
Let’s break down the information:
• Service cost: $5.
• Conversion rate: 1 dollar → 0.7 Euros for every dollar.
Euros (E) = 0.7 (Dollars (D) – 5)
Graphs of Linear
Equations
a) 4kg≈9 lbs
b) 9 kg≈20 lbs
c) 12 lbs≈5.5 kg
d) 17 lbs≈8 kg
Graphs of Linear Equations
What would the distance be traveled after 15 hours?
Modeling with linear equations
"On Monday morning there were 12 inches of snow on the ground. The
weather warmed up, and by Tuesday morning, 2 inches had melted. 2
more inches melted by Wednesday morning. This pattern continued
throughout the week until no more snow was left. Create an equation
and a graph to show the relationship between the day and the amount
of snow on the ground.“
Solution
The pattern shows that 2 inches of snow melt per day.
Let:
• y = the amount of snow on the ground (in inches)
• x = the number of days that have passed since Monday.
1. Equation:
• On Monday (Day 0), there are 12 inches of snow.
• The snow decreases by 2 inches per day.
The equation describing this relationship is:
y=12−2x Where:
• y is the amount of snow (in inches) left after x days.
• x is the number of days
0=12−2x
x=6
Graph
Practice Question Modeling with linear
equations
Bobby and Kholi are running a lemonade stand and they charge 300 rupees
for each glass of lemonade. To break expenditure, they must make $25. How
many glasses of lemonade must they sell to break Expenditure?
Note: 1 Dollar = 300 rupees
Introduction to derivatives in mathematical
modeling
In mathematical modeling, derivatives are used to describe how a quantity
changes with respect to another variable. They are fundamental in calculus
and play a key role in modeling real-world systems such as
• Population growth,
• Motion
• Economics
• Physics
What is a Derivative?
• The derivative of a function tells us the rate of change of one quantity
with respect to another. If a function y = f(x) represents a relationship
between two variables, the derivative f′(x) measures how fast y changes
as x changes.
• Example:
• In physics: The derivative of position with respect to time gives velocity.
• In economics: The derivative of cost with respect to output gives
marginal cost
Geometric Interpretation
• The derivative of a function at a point is the slope of the tangent line to
the function at that point.
• If the slope is positive, the function is increasing.
• If the slope is negative, the function is decreasing
Videos Link For Rules of Derivatives
• https://youtu.be/KPj-5X9PN04?si=l7-W3lEKH1Fq-kxW
• https://youtu.be/7xIgVQObAQI?si=f3B51trTd9YzC90Q
• https://youtu.be/2ip3w_HgTwk?si=1gOMQNtbWk3HkeKC
• https://youtu.be/Kg11S2NedDM?si=BOVqeMCFUweCYLZi
• https://youtu.be/GohjteO3qNU?si=f2GCtP4Wpk1fYlak
