Class 10 Science - Chapter 4: Carbon and Its Compounds
Maximum Marks: 50
Time Allowed: 2 Hours
Section A: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
(1 mark each)
1. Which of the following compounds has a triple bond?
a) Ethanol
b) Ethene
c) Ethyne
d) Methane
2. A compound with the molecular formula C₃H₆ could be:
a) An alkane
b) An alkene
c) An alkyne
d) Both (b) and (c)
3. When ethanol reacts with sodium, the gas evolved is:
a) Hydrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Methane
4. Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of the compound
CH₃CH₂CHO?
a) Propanol
b) Propanal
c) Propanoic acid
d) Propanone
5. The functional group present in a carboxylic acid is:
a) –CHO
b) –COOH
c) –OH
d) –C=O
6. Which reaction is used to convert vegetable oil into ghee?
a) Oxidation
b) Hydrogenation
c) Combustion
d) Saponification
7. Which of the following is not a property of carbon?
a) Tetravalency
b) Catenation
c) Formation of ionic bonds
d) Formation of covalent bonds
8. The common name of ethanoic acid is:
a) Vinegar
b) Formic acid
c) Acetic acid
d) Lactic acid
9. The general formula of alkanes is:
a) CnH2n+2
b) CnH2n
c) CnH2n-2
d) CnHn
10. Which of the following will not undergo a substitution reaction with
chlorine in the presence of sunlight?
a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Benzene
d) Propane
Section B: Assertion and Reasoning Questions
(1 mark each)
Choose the correct option:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
1. Assertion (A): Carbon forms compounds mainly by covalent bonding.
Reason (R): Carbon has 4 electrons in its outermost shell, which it shares to
form covalent bonds.
2. Assertion (A): Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Reason (R): Alkenes contain at least one double bond between two carbon
atoms.
3. Assertion (A): Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate to produce
carbon dioxide gas.
Reason (R): Ethanoic acid is a weak acid.
4. Assertion (A): Methane is a good fuel.
Reason (R): Methane produces a large amount of heat and leaves no residue
when burnt.
5. Assertion (A): Soaps do not work well with hard water.
Reason (R): Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions that form
insoluble compounds with soap.
Section C: Very Short Answer Questions
(1 mark each)
1. Name the simplest hydrocarbon.
2. What is the functional group present in ethanol?
3. Write the molecular formula of benzene.
4. Name the product formed when ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the
presence of an acid catalyst.
5. Define homologous series.
Section D: Short Answer Questions
(3 marks each)
1. Write the structural formulas of the following:
a) Propane
b) But-2-yne
c) Ethanoic acid
2. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Give two examples of each.
3. Describe the process of saponification with a balanced chemical equation.
4. Explain the mechanism of cleaning action of soaps.
Why are detergents more effective in hard water than soaps?
5. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following:
a) Combustion of methane
b) Reaction of ethene with bromine water
c) Oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid
Section E: Long Answer Questions
(5 marks each)
1. Explain the nomenclature of organic compounds with examples of alkanes,
alkenes, and alkynes.
Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
a) CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
b) CH₃C≡CH
c) CH₃CH₂CHO
2. Explain the preparation of ethanol and ethanoic acid.
Write their properties and two uses of each.
3. Describe the chemical properties of carbon compounds with examples of the
following reactions:
a) Combustion
b) Oxidation
c) Addition reaction
d) Substitution reaction
Section F: Activity-Based Questions
(5 marks each)
1. Activity:
A student heated ethanol with an acidified solution of potassium dichromate in a
test tube.
a) What change will be observed in the color of potassium dichromate?
b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
c) What type of reaction is this?
d) Name the organic compound formed.
2. Activity:
A student mixes ethanoic acid with sodium bicarbonate in a test tube.
a) What observations will be made during the reaction?
b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
c) Name the gas evolved and the compound formed in the solution.
d) How will the gas evolved be tested?
