1.
Cells
1.1 - Animal and plant cells
Animal cell
Plant cell
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1.3 - Animal and plant cells – Label 2
Task: Fill in the boxes below with the organelles found in each cell.
Challenge: On a piece of paper – draw and label each cell with its organelles.
Animal cell
Plant cell
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1.4 - Animal and plant cells – Organelles
Organelle Function Found in…
Cell membrane Controls what substances can get into and out of Plant and animal cells
the cell.
Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions Plant and animal cells
happen.
In plant cells there's a thin lining, whereas in
animal cells most of the cell is cytoplasm.
Nucleus Controls the functions of the cell Plant and animal cells
Carries genetic information called DNA.
In exams DO NOT call the nucleus the 'brain' of
the cell. That is not a good description and will not
get you marks.
Chloroplast Where photosynthesis happens – chloroplasts Plant cells only
contain a green substance called chlorophyll.
Vacuole Contains a liquid called cell sap, which keeps the Plant cells only
cell firm.
Cell wall Made of a tough substance called cellulose, Plant cells only
which supports the cell.
Ribosome Where protein is made (synthesised) . Plant and animal cells
Mitochondria Where respiration takes place to produce Plant and animal cells
energy.
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1.6 - Animal and plant cells – Questions 1
Exercise 1 – Fill in the missing words in the passage below.
The bodies of all plants and …………………… are made up of tiny living units called ………………
Some microscopic organisms consist of only a ………………… cell but the bodies of most
plants and animals are made up of …………………… of cells. There are many different
………………… of plant and animal cells. The diagrams below show the ………………… that they
usually contain.
Exercise 2 – Join up the cell parts below to their correct jobs.
Organelle Job
Cell
Made of cellulose. It supports and protects the cell.
membrane
Cytoplasm Site where proteins are made (protein synthesis).
A jelly like substance where most of the chemical
Nucleus
reactions happen within the cell.
Controls the functions of the cell and contains genetic
Chloroplast
material (DNA).
The site of aerobic respiration which produces energy
Vacuole
for the cell.
Cell wall Allows substances to move in and out of the cell.
Ribosome The site where photosynthesis takes place.
Mitochondria Contains a liquid called sap. It keeps the plant cell rigid.
Exercise 3 – Shade the organelles and the jobs they have, that are only found in
plant cells.
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1.7 - Animal and plant cells – Exam questions 1
The diagram shows a plant cell.
(a) Give the name of part A.
.............................................................
Give the function of part A.
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
2 marks
(b) Give the name of part E.
..............................................................
Give the function of part E.
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
2 marks
(c) Give the letters of two parts that are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.
.................. and ..................
1 mark
(d) How can you tell that the cell in the diagram is from a leaf and not from a root?
................................................................................................................
1 mark
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1.10 – Specialised cells
Palisade cell
Found on the top side of leaves.
Contains loads of chloroplasts for
photosynthesis.
They are on the top side of the leaf to absorb
as much sunlight as possible.
Ciliated cell
Found lining the wind pipe (trachea).
Covered in tiny hairs called cilia.
These waft trapped bacteria and dust to the
throat (gullet) to be swallowed.
Root hair cell
Found on the surface of roots.
It absorbs water and minerals from the
soil.
It is long and thin to provide a large
surface area to absorb water.
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1.13 – Specialised cells – Questions
Exercise 1 – Fill in the missing words in the passage below.
Nearly all cells contain a cell membrane, ………………… and cytoplasm. There are many
……………………… types of cells. They vary in their shape and ………………… depending on their
functions (jobs). Each type of cell is well ……………………… (suited) to its function. In the
human ………………… there are about twenty different types of cell, each has a certain
……………… to do. This makes the body work much …………………… than if each cell was trying
to do everything.
Exercise 2 – match the picture to its name and match the name to its definition.
On the surface of
plant cells. Have
loads of
chloroplasts.
Root hair cell
Found on the
surface of roots.
Absorbs water and
minerals.
Ciliated cell
Found in the wind
pipe (trachea).
Trap dust and
Palisade cell bacteria and use
hairs to waft
mucus to the
stomach.
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1.14 – Specialised cells – Exam questions
The diagram below shows six cells.
(a) (i) Give the letters of the two plant cells in the diagrams.
............... and ...............
1 mark
(ii) Which one of these plant cells contains chloroplasts?
Give the letter.
...............
1 mark
(iii) Give the function of chloroplasts.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(b) (i) Give the letter of the ciliated cell.
...............
1 mark
(ii) In which part of the body are ciliated cells found?
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(iii) What is the function of ciliated cells in this part of the body?
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
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