1.
String Copying
• strcpy(dest, src):
Copies the entire string from src to dest, including the null terminator. It's
important to ensure dest has enough space to hold the entire copied string
and null terminator.
• strncpy(dest, src, num):
Copies at most num characters from src to dest, including the null
terminator if it fits within num characters. Caution: This function might
not always add the null terminator if num reaches the destination string
size. Ensure manual addition if needed.
2. String Concatenation
• strcat(dest, src):
Appends the string src to the end of the string dest. Note that dest must have
enough space to hold the combined string and null terminator.
• strncat(dest, src, num):
Appends at most num characters from src to the end of the string dest, but
unlike strcat, it stops appending even if src has less than num characters.
Caution: Similar to strncpy, strncat might not always add the null
terminator if num reaches the remaining space in dest. Ensure manual
addition for safety.
3. String Comparison
• strcmp(str1, str2):
Compares two strings (str1 and str2) and returns 0 if they are equal. It
returns a negative value if str1 is less than str2 alphabetically (based on the
first differing character) and a positive value if str1 is greater than str2.
• strncmp(str1, str2, num):
Compares at most num characters of str1 and str2. It works similarly to
strcmp but only considers the first num characters.
4. String Searching
• strchr(str, ch):
Locates the first occurrence of the character ch (an unsigned char) within
the string str and returns a pointer to that character. If ch is not found, it
returns a null pointer.
• strrchr(str, ch):
Similar to strchr, but it finds the last occurrence of the character ch within
the string str and returns a pointer to that character, or a null pointer if not
found.
• strstr(str1, str2):
Searches for the first occurrence of the substring str2 within the string str1
and returns a pointer to the beginning of that substring within str1. If str2 is
not found, it returns a null pointer.
5. Other String Manipulation
• strlen(str):
Returns the length of the string str as the number of characters excluding
the null terminator.
• memset(str, ch, size):
Fills a block of memory pointed to by str with a given character ch for size
number of bytes. This can be useful for initializing strings with a specific
character, like null characters (\0).
