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194 Chemistry
8. Given the reaction between 2 gases represented by A2 and 16. In a cell that utilises the reaction
B2 to give the compound AB(g). [CBSE-PMT 2012M]
Zn (s) + 2H + (aq) ® Zn 2+ (aq) + H 2(g ) addition of H2SO4 to
A2(g) + B2(g) ‡ˆˆˆˆ† 2 AB(g).
cathode compartment, will [AIEEE 2004]
At equilibrium, the concentration
(a) increase the E and shift equilibrium to the right
of A2 = 3.0 × 10–3 M
(b) lower the E and shift equilibrium to the right
of B2= 4.2 × 10–3 M
(c) lower the E and shift equlibrium to the left
of AB = 2.8 × 10–3 M
(d) increase the E and shift equilibrium to the left
lf the reaction takes place in a sealed vessel at 527°C, then
the value of Kc will be : 17. The exothermic formation of CIF3 is represented by the
(a) 2.0 (b) 1.9 (c) 0.62 (d) 4.5 equation :
9. Change in volume of the system does not alter CI 2(g ) + 3F2(g ) 2ClF3 (g ) ; Δ H = – 329 kJ
the number of moles in which of the following
equilibria? [AIEEE 2002] Which of the following will increase the quantity of CIF3 in
(a) N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g) an equilibrium mixture of CI 2 , F2 and CIF3 ? [AIEEE 2005]
(b) PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
(c) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) (a) Adding F2
(d) SO2Cl2 (g) SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g). (b) Increasing the volume of the container
10. In which of the following reactions, increase in the volume at (c) Removing Cl2
constant temperature does not affect the number of moles at
(d) Increasing the temperature
equilibrium. [AIEEE 2002]
(a) 2NH3(g) ® N2(g) + 3H2(g) 18. For the reaction [AIEEE 2005]
(b) C (s)+ (1/2)O2 (g) ® CO(g) 2 NO 2(g) 2NO (g ) + O 2(g ) ,
(c) H2 (g) + O2 (g) ® H2O2 (g)
(d) None of these. (K c = 1.8 ´ 10- 6 at 184°C) (R = 0.0831 kJ/ (mol. K))
11. For the reaction [AIEEE 2002]
CO (g) + (1/2) O2 (g) CO2 (g), Kp / Kc is When K p and K c are compared at 184°C, it is found that
(a) RT (b) (RT)–1
(c) (RT) –1/2 (d) (RT)1/2 (a) Whether K p is greater than, less than or equal to K c
12. For the reaction equilibrium depends upon the total gas pressure
N2O4 (g) 2 NO2 (g)
the concentrations of N2O4 and NO2 at equilibrium are 4.8 × (b) K p = K c
10–2 and 1.2 × 10–2 mol L–1 respectively. The value of Kc for
the reaction is [AIEEE 2003] (c) K p is less than K c
(a) 3 × 10–1 mol L–1 (b) 3 × 10–3 mol L–1
(d) K p is greater than K c
(c) 3 × 103 mol L–1 (d) 3.3 × 102 mol L–1
13. Consider the reaction equilibrium
19. An amount of solid NH 4 HS is placed in a flask already
2 SO2 (g) + O2(g) 2 SO3 (g) ; DHº = –198 kJ
containing ammonia gas at a certain temperature and 0.50
On the basis of Le Chatelier’s principle, the condition
atm pressure. Ammonium hydrogen sulphide decomposes
favourable for the forward reaction is [AIEEE 2003]
(a) increasing temperature as well as pressure to yield NH 3 and H 2S gases in the flask. When the
(b) lowering the temperature and increasing the pressure decomposition reaction reaches equilibrium, the total
(c) any value of temperature and pressure pressure in the flask rises to 0.84 atm? The equilibrium
(d) lowering of temperature as well as pressure
constant for NH 4 HS decomposition at this temperature is
14. What is the equilibrium expression for the reaction
P4(s) + 5O 2(g ) (a) 0.11 (b) 0.17 [AIEEE 2005]
P4O10(s) ? [AIEEE 2004]
(c) 0.18 (d) 0.30
(a) K c = [O 2 ]5 (b) K c = [ P4 O10 ] / 5[ P4 ][O 2 ] 20. The equilibrium constant for the reaction

(c) K c = [P4 O10 ] /[P4 ][O 2 ]5 (d) K c = 1 /[O 2 ]5 1

SO3(g) SO 2 (g ) +O 2 (g)
2
Kp
15. For the reaction, CO (g ) + Cl 2 COCl 2 (g ) the Kc is Kc = 4.9 × 10–2. The value of Kc for the reaction
(g )
is equal to [AIEEE 2004] 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
(a) RT (b) RT will be [AIEEE 2006]
(a) 9.8 × 10–2 (b) 4.9 × 10–2
(c) 1 RT (d) 1.0 (c) 416 (c) 2.40 × 10–3

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Chemical Equilibrium 195

21. The equilibrium constants K p and K p2 for the reactions (a) K1 K 2 = K3 (b) K 2 K3 = K1
1

X ƒ2Y and Z ƒ P + Q, respectively are in the ratio of 1 : (c) K3 = K1 K2 (d) K3 .K 23 = K12

9. If the degree of dissociation of X and Z be equal then the
ratio of total pressures at these equilibria is [AIEEE 2008]
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1: 36
·
23. A vessel at 1000 K contains CO2 with a pressure of 0.5 atm.
Some of the CO2 is converted into CO on the addition of
graphite. If the total pressure at equilibrium is 0.8 atm, the
(c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 9 value of K is : [AIEEE 2011]
22. For the following three reactions a, b and c, equilibrium (a) 1.8 atm (b) 3 atm (c) 0.3 atm (d) 0.18 atm
constants are given: [AIEEE 2008]
24. The equilibrium constant (K c ) for the reaction
(i) CO( g ) + H 2O( g ) ƒ CO2 ( g ) + H 2 ( g ); K1 N2(g) + O2(g) ® 2NO(g) at temperature T is 4 × 10–4. The
(ii) CH 4 ( g ) + H 2O( g ) ƒ CO( g ) + 3H 2 ( g );K 2 value of Kc for the reaction [AIEEE 2012]
1 1
(iii) CH 4 ( g ) + 2H 2O( g ) ƒ CO2 ( g ) + 4H 2 ( g );K 3 NO( g ) ® N 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) at the same temperature is:
2 2
(a) 0.02 (b) 2.5 × 102 (c) 4 × 10–4 (d) 50.0

1. The decomposition of N2O4 to NO2 is carried out at 280 K in 6. For the reaction H2(g)+I2(g) 2HI(g) at 721 K, the value
chloroform. When equilibrium has been established, 0.2 mol of equilibrium constant is 50, when equilibrium concentration
of N2O4 and 2 ´ 10 -3 mol of NO2 are present in a 2l solution. of both is 5M. Value of Kp under the same conditions will be
(a) 0.02 (b) 0.2
The equilibrium constant for the reaction, N2O4 2NO2 is
(c) 50 (d) 50 RT
(a) 1 × 10–2 (b) 2 × 10–3 7. For which one of the following systems at equilibrium, at
(c) 1 × 10–5 (d) 2 × 10–5 constant temperature will the doubling of the volume cause
2. In an equilibrium reaction for which DG° = 0 , the equilibrium a shift to the right?
constant, K , should be equal to (a) H2(g)+Cl2(g) 2HCl(g)
(b) 2CO(g)+O2 (g) 2CO2(g)
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) N2(g)+3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
(c) 2 (d) 10
3. The pressure change due to which equilibrium is not (d) PCl5 ( g ) ƒ PCl3 ( g ) + Cl 2 ( g )
affected is 8. For the reaction C(s)+CO2(g) 2CO(g) , the partial
(a) N 2 ( g ) + O2 ( g ) ƒ 2NO ( g ) pressures of CO2 and CO are 2.0 and 4.0 atm respectively at
equilibrium. The Kp for the reaction is.
(b) 2SO2(g)+O 2(g) 2SO3(g) (a) 0.5 (b) 4.0
(c) 8.0 (d) 32.0
(c) 2O3(g) 3O2(g) 9. In a chemical reaction calculate rate constant of backward
reaction when the rate constant of forward reaction is 20 and
(d) 2NO2(g) N2O4(g)
the equilibrium constant is 50
4. A reversible chemical reaction having two reactants in (a) (0.2) (b) (0.1)
equilibrium. If the concentration of the reactants are doubled (c) (0.4) (d) None of these
then the equilibrium constant will 10. The rate constant is given by the equation K=PZe–E/RT.
(a) be doubled (b) be halved Which factor should register a decrease for the reaction to
proceed more rapidly?
(c) become one-fourth (d) remain same (a) T (b) Z
5. 3.2 moles of hydrogen iodide were heated in a sealed bulb at (c) E (d) P
444°C till the equilibrium state was reached. Its degree of 11. For the reaction CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) at a
dissociation at this temperature was found to be 22% The given temperature the equilibrium amount of CO2(g) can be
number of moles of hydrogen iodide present at equilibrium increased by
are (a) adding a suitable catalyst
(a) 2.496 (b) 1.87 (b) adding an inert gas
(c) decreasing the volume of the container
(c) 2 (d) 4 (d) increasing the amount of CO(g).

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Chemical Equilibrium 197

D
24. 1 mol of N 2 and 3 mol of H 2 are placed in a closed container
at a pressure of 4 atm. The pressure falls to 3 atm at the same
29. For the equilibrium reaction
2NOBr(g) 2NO(g) + Br2 (g)
temperature when the following equilibrium is attained P
If PBr = , where P is total pressure at equilibrium. The
2 9
N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g ) 2 NH 3 (g ) .
Kp
The K p for the dissociation of NH 3 is ratio is equal to
P

3´3 1 1
(a) atm - 2 (b) 0.5 ´ (1.5) 3 atm 2 (a) (b)
0.5 ´ (1.5) 3 3 81
1 1
(c) (d)
0.5 ´ (1.5)3 (1.5) 3 9 27
(c) atm 2 (d) atm - 2
3´3 0.5 30. Equilibrium constant for the reaction
25. The reactions NH 4 OH (aq) + H + (aq) NH +4 (aq) + H 2 O ( l )
PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl 2 (g) and is 1.8 × 10 9 . Hence equilibrium constant for ionisation
COCl 2 (g ) CO(g) + Cl 2 (g) NH 3 + H 2 O NH+4 (aq) + OH- (aq) is
are simultaneously in equilibrium in a vessel at constant (a) 1.80 ´ 10 - 9 (b) 1.80 ´ 10 5
volume. If some CO is introduced into the vessel then at the
new equilibrium (c) 1.80 ´ 10 - 5 (d) 5.55 ´ 10 -10
31. The degree of dissociation of PCl5 (a) obeying the
(a) Cl 2 is greater
equilibrium PCl 5 PCl 3 + Cl 2 is related to the
(b) PCl 5 is less equilibrium pressure by
(c) PCl 3 remain unchanged 1 1
(a) a µ (b) a µ
(d) PCl 5 is greater P4 P

26. For the complexation reaction 1

(c) a µ 2 (d) a µ P
P
Ag + (aq) + 2 NH 3 (aq) [Ag( NH 3 ) 2 ]+ (aq) 32. In the following hypothetical reaction
The rates of forward and reverse reactions are given by A + 3B 2C + D
initial moles of A are twice that of B. If at equilibrium moles of
rate (f) = 1.0 ´ 10 6 L2 mol - 2S -1 é Ag + ù [ NH3 ]2 B and C are equal. Percentage of B reacted is
ë û
(a) 60% (b) 40%
rate (r) = 2.0 ´ 10 - 2 L2 mol-2S-1 [Ag( NH 3 ) 2 ]+ (c) 10% (d) 20%

The instability constant of the complex is 33. I - ions react with iodine in aqueous solution to form I3- ion
as
(a) 2.0 ´ 10 - 8 (b) 5.0 ´ 10 9
I - (aq) + I 2 (aq) I3- (aq).
(c) 2.0 ´ 10 - 4 (d) 2.0 ´ 10 4 When L of solution containing 1 mol of KI and 0.25 mol of
I 2 was reacted with excess of AgNO 3 , 0.80 mol of yellow
27. The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 1´ 10 20 at 300 K.
The standard free energy change for the reaction is ppt. was obtained. The stability constant of I3- ion is
(a) + 115 KJ (b) + 166 KJ (a) 0.20 (b) 5.0
(c) – 115 KJ (d) – 166 KJ (c) 20.0 (d) 0.05
34. A reaction A + 2B 2 C + D was studied using the initial
28. At temperature T K, PCl 5 is 50% dissociated at an concentrations of B which was 1.5 times that of A. At the
equilibrium pressure of 4 atm. At what pressure it would quilibrium, concentration of A and C were found to be equal.
dissociate to 80% at the same temperature Then K c for the equilibrium is
(a) 0.75 atm (b) 0.50 atm (a) 8 (b) 4
(c) 0.60 atm (d) 2.50 atm (c) 6 (d) 0.32

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Ionic Equilibrium 223

41. Which of the following on reaction with H2S does not 53. What is the minimum concentration of SO42– required to
produce metallic sulphide? precipitate BaSO 4 in a solution containing
(a) CdCl2 (b) ZnCl2 1.0 × 10–4 mole of Ba2+ ? Ksp for BaSO4 = 4 × 10–10
(c) COCl2 (d) CuCl2 (a) 4 × 10–10 M (b) 2 × 10–7 M
42. What is the correct representation for the solubility product (c) 4 × 10–6 M (d) 2 × 10–3 M
of SnS2? 54. Solubility of an MX2 type electrolyte is 0.5 × 10–4 mole/lit,
(a) [Sn 2+] [S2–]2 (b) [Sn4+] [S2–]2 then Ksp of the electrolyte is
2+
(c) [Sn ] [2S ] 2– (d) [Sn4+] [2 S2–]2 (a) 5 × 10–12 (b) 25 × 10–10
(c) 1 × 10 –13 (d) 5 × 10–13
43. How do we differentiate between Fe3+ and Cr3+ in group III?
(a) By taking excess of NH4OH 55. The pH of blood does not appreciably change by a small
(b) By increasing NH4+ ion concentration addition of acid or a base because blood
(c) By decreasing OH– ion concentration (a) contains serum protein which acts as buffer
(d) Both (b) and (c) (b) contains iron as a part of the molecule
44. The solubility product of barium sulphate is 1.5 × 10–9 at (c) can be easily coagulated
18°C. Its solubility in water at 18°C is (d) is body fluid

I
(a) 1.5 × 10–9 mol L–1 (b) 1.5 × 10–5 mol L–1 56. The pH of solutions A, B, C, D are respectively 9.5, 2.5, 3.5,
5.5. The most acidic solution is
(c) 3.9 × 10–9 mol L–1 (d) 3.9 × 10–5 mol L–1
(a) A (b) B
Kd
45. The solubility product of AgCl is 4.0 × 10–10 at 298 K. The
solubility of AgCl in 0.04 M CaCl2 will be (c) C (d) D
57. pH of 10 M solution of HCl is
(a) 2.0 × 10–5 M (b) 1.0 × 10–4 M
–9 (a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 5.0 × 10 M (d) 2.2 × 10–4 M

A
(c) 2 (d) less than 0
46. The solubility of AgCl at 20°C is 1.435 × 10–3 gm/lit. The
VMM solubility product of AgCl is givenmm Age143.59m
58. It is found that 0.1 M solution of four sodium salts NaA,
(a) 1.0 × 10–10 (b) 2 × 10–10
of NaB, NaC and NaD have the following pH values
7.0, 9.0, 10.0 and 11.0 respectively.
(c) 1.035 × 10–5 (d) 108 × 10–3
(a) NaD (b) NaC
47. The solubility product of Ag2CrO4 is 32 ´ 10 -12 . What is (c) NaB (d) NaA
Which one of the corresponding acids is strongest ?
the concentration of CrO 4 -2 ions in that solution (in g 59. A white salt is readily soluble in water and gives a colourless
ions L–1) solution with a pH of about 9. The salt would be
(a) 2 × 10–4 (b) 8 × 10–4 (a) NH4NO3 (b) CH3COONa
(c) 8 × 10 –8 (d) 16 × 10–4 (c) CH3COONH4 (d) CaCO3
48. The solubility product of silver chloride is 1.8 × 10–10 at 298 60. The value of ionic product of water at 393 K is
K. The solubility of AgCl in 0.01 M HCl solution in mol/dm3 (a) less than 1 × 10–14 (b) greater than 1 × 10–14
(c) equal to 1 × 10 –14 (d) equal to 1 × 10–7
is
(a) 2.4 × 10–9 (b) 3.6 × 10–8 61. Which has the highest pH?
(c) 0.9 × 10 –10 (d) 1.8 × 10–8 (a) CH3COOK (b) Na2CO3
49. –5
Ksp for HgSO4 is 6.4 × 10 , then solubility of the salt is (c) NH4Cl (d) NaNO3
(a) 8 × 10–6 (b) 8 × 10–3 62. A solution of MgCl2 in water has pH
(c) 4.6 × 10 –5 (d) None of these (a) < 7 (b) > 7
50. The maximum amount of BaSO4 precipitated on mixing BaCl2 (c) 7 (d) 14.2
(0.5 M) with H2SO4 (1M) will correspond to
(a) 0.5 M (b) 1.0 M
·
63. A solution of an acid has pH = 4.70. Find out the number of
OH– ions (pKw = 14)
(c) 1.5 M (d) 2.0 M (a) 5 × 10–10 (b) 4 × 10–10
(c) 2 × 10 –5 (d) 9 × 10–4
51. At 20°C, the Ag+ ion concentration in a saturated solution
of Ag2CrO4 is 1.5 × 10–4 mole/litre. At 20°C, the solubility 64. The pH of a solution whose [H+] is 3.0 × 10–4 M is
product of Ag2CrO4 will be (a) 4.45 (b) 3.75
(a) 3.3750 × 10–12 (b) 1.6875 × 10–10 (c) 4.36 (d) 3.523
(c) 1.6875 × 10–12 (d) 1.6875 × 10–11 65. pH of 4.0 gm/litre NaOH solution is
52. The solubility of BaSO4 in water is 2.33 × 10–3 g L–1. (a) 13 (b) 11
Its solubility product will be (molecular weight of (c) 13.5 (d) 12
BaSO4 = 233) 66. Highest pH (14) is given by
(a) 1 × 10–5 (b) 1 × 10–10 (a) 0.1 M H2SO4 (b) 0.1 M NaOH
(c) 1 × 10 –15 (d) 1 × 10–20 (c) 1 N NaOH (d) 1 N HCl

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·
224 Chemistry

D
Vd
67. The pH of 0.0001 M NaOH is
(a) 4 (b) 10 or
80. Which of the following solution cannot act as a buffer?
(a) NaH2PO4 + H3PO4
(c) 12 (d) 11 (b) CH3COOH + CH3COONa
68. The pOH value of a solution whose hydroxide ion (c) HCl + NH4Cl
concentration is 6.2 × 10–9 mol/litre is (d) H3PO4 + NaH2PO4
(a) 8.21 (b) 6.21 81. A buffer solution of pH 9 can be prepared by mixing
(c) 7.75 (d) 7.21 (a) CH3COONa and CH3COOH
I
69. The pH of a solution obtained by mixing 50 ml of 0.4 N HCl
and 50 ml of 0.2 N NaOH is
(a) – log 2 (b) – log 0.2
(b) NaCl and NaOH
(c) NH4Cl and NH4OH
(d) KH2PO4 and K2HPO4
(c) 1.0 (d) 2.0
70. The pH of 1.0 M aqueous solution of a weak acid HA is 6.0. 82. Which of the following is the buffer solution of strong acidic
Its dissociation constant is nature?
(a) 1.0 × 10–12 (b) 1.0 × 10–6 (a) HCOOH + HCOO–
(c) 1.0 (d) 6.0 (b) CH 3COOH + CH 3COO -
The pH of a solution is increased from 3 to 6; its H+ ion
I
71. (c) H2C2O4 + C2O42–
VM concentration will be
(a) reduced to half (b) doubled
(d) H3BO3 + BO33–
83. One litre of a buffer solution containing 0.01 M NH4Cl and
(c) reduced by 1000 times (d) increased by 1000 times 0.1 M NH4OH having pKb of 5 has pH of

*72. When CO2 dissolves in water, the following equilibrium is

established CO2 + 2H2O H3O+ + HCO3–
(a) 9
(c) 4
(b) 10
(d) 6
for which the equilibrium constant is 3.8 × 10–7 and pH = 6.0. 84. A certain buffer solution contains equal concentration of
The ratio of [HCO3–] to [CO2] would be X– and HX. The Ka for HX is 10–8. The pH of the buffer is
(a) 3.8 × 10–13 (b) 3.8 × 10–1 (a) 3 (b) 8
(c) 6.0 (d) 13.4 (c) 11 (d) 14

d
73. An example of a salt that will not hydrolyse is

vs
85. In a mixture of a weak acid and its salt, the ratio of the
(a) NH4Cl (b) KCl concentration of acid to salt is increased tenfold. The pH of
(c) CH3COONH4 (d) CH3COOK the solution
74. pH of 2 M NaCl will be (a) decreases by one (b) decreases by one tenth
(a) 3 (b) 6.5
(c) increases by one (d) increases by ten-fold
(c) 7 (d) 10
86. How much sodium acetate should be added to 0.1 M solution
75. Dissociation constant of NH4OH is 1.8 × 10–5. The
of CH3COOH to give a solution of pH 5.5
hydrolysis constant of NH4Cl would be
(pKa of CH3COOH = 4.5)
(a) 1.80 × 10–19 (b) 5.55 × 10–10
(c) 5.55 × 10 –5 (d) 1.80 × 10–5 (a) 0.1 M (b) 0.2 M

av
76. What is the percentage hydrolysis of NaCN in N/80 solution
when the dissociation constant for HCN is 1.3 × 10–9 and
Kw = 1.0 × 10–14
87.
(c) 1.0 M (d) 10.0 M
For preparing a buffer solution of pH 6 by mixing sodium
acetate and acetic acid, the ratio of the concentration of salt
(a) 2.48 (b) 5.26 and acid should be (Ka = 10–5)
(c) 8.2 (d) 9.6 (a) 1 : 10 (b) 10 : 1
77. The pH of a 1 M CH3COONa solution in water will be nearly (c) 100 : 1 (d) 1 : 100
(a) 2.4
(c) 7.4
(b) 5.4
(d) 9.4
*
88. +
What is [H ] of a solution that is 0.1 M HCN and 0.2 M
NaCN? (Ka for HCN = 6.2 × 10–10)

*
78. A physician wishes to prepare a buffer solution at
pH = 3.58 that efficiently resists a change in pH yet contains
(a) 3.1 × 1010
(c) 6.2 × 10 –10
(b) 6.2 × 105
(d) 3.1 × 10–10
only small conc. of the buffering agents. Which one of the 89. The pH of a buffer containing equal molar concentrations
following weak acid together with its sodium salt would be of a weak base and its chloride
best to use?
(Kb for weak base = 2 × 10–5, log 2 = 0.3) is
(a) m-chloro benzoic acid (pKa = 3.98)
(a) 5 (b) 9
(b) p-chloro cinnamic acid (pKa = 4.41)
(c) 4.7 (d) 9.3
(c) 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid (pKa = 2.97)
(d) Acetoacetic acid (pKa = 3.58) 90. How many ml of 1 M H2SO4 is required to neutralise 10 ml of
79. Which one is Buffer solution? 1 M NaOH solution?
(a) [PO4–3] [HPO42–] (b) [PO43–] [H2PO4–] (a) 2.5 (b) 5.0
2–
(c) [HPO4 ] [H2PO4 ] – (d) All of these (c) 10.0 (d) 20.0

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