TYPE INTERNAL RESISTANCE

H OF A CELL AND TERMINAL

POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
42. The reading on a high resistance voltmeter, when
a cell is connected across it, is 2-2 V. When the
terminalsof the cell are connected to a resistance
of 5 Q as shown in Fig. 2(a).58, the voltmeter
reading drops to 1-8 [Link] the internal resistance
of the cell.

FIGURE 2(a).58

R=52 K

10
(CBSE 2010) Ans.
9 a
TYPE INTERNAL RESISTANCE
H OF A CELL AND TERMINAL
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
A2. The reading on a highresistance voltmeter, when
a cell is connected across it, is 2-2 V. When the
terminals of the cell are connected to a resistance
of 52 as shown in Fig. 2(a).58, the voltmeter
reading dropsto 1-8V. Find the internal resistance
of the cell.

FIGURE 2(a).58
+

R=52 K

10
(CBSE 2010) Ans.
43. 4 cellseach of identical emf E, internal resistance
r, are connected in series to avariable resistor.
Fig. 2(a).59 shows the variation of terminal
voltage of the combination with the current
output
FIGURE 2a).59
Vin volt)

5.6
4.2

2.8+
1.4

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 I(in amp)

eWhat is the emf of each cell used ?
8 For what current from the cells, does
maximum power dissipation occurs in the circuit.
(Calculate the internal resistance of eachcell.
CBSE 2006 S) [Ans. (a) 1-4 V(b) 1A(c) 0-7 2]
44. The following graph shows the variation of
terminal potential difference , across a
combination of three cells in series to a resistor,
versus the current I.

FIGURE 2(a).60
V(vot)

6.0

3.0+

1.0 2.0
I(ampere)
(a) Calculate the emf of each cell.
(b) For what current , willthe power dissipation
of the Circuit be
maximum.
(CBSE 2008) (Ans. (a) 2 V (b) 1Al
45. A battery of emf, E and internal resistance
a currentof 0:4 A with an external resistorrgives
of 12
ohm, and a curent of 0-25 A with an external
resistor of 20 ohm. Calculate (i) internal
resistance and (i) emf of the battery.
[Ans. (i) 4/3 S2 ()) 16/3 VJ
46. In the circuit, shown in Fig
2(a).61, find
potential difference belween points A and theB.
Assume that both the batteries have zero internal
resistance.
 FIGURE 2(a).61
E4=20V R4=32

A E2= 8V B
Ry=1 Q

[Ans. 11 V]
L47. Find the magnitude of the current supplied by
the battery in the circuit shown in Fig. 2(a).62.
Also, find the potential difference between the
points A and B.
FIGURE 2(a).62
[=36 V, r=0

R4=32 Ry62

D
Ra=62 Ra=3

[Ans. 8 A, 12 V]
48. The galvanometer G in the circuit Fig. 2(a).63
reads zero. Find the value of R. Batteries are
resistanceless.

FIGURE 2(a).63
50092

12V
R
2V

[Ans. I00 Q)
v49. A voltmeter with resistance 500 2 is used to
measure the emf of a cell of internal resistance
4 2 What will be the percentage error in the
reading of the voltmeter |Ans, 08%}
50. In the circuit shown in Fig. 2(a). 64, when switch
S, is closed and S, is open, the ideal voltmeter
shows a reading 18 V. When switch S, is closed
and S is open, the reading of the volmeter is
24 V. What willbe the reading of voltmeter when
S and S,, both are closed ?
 FIGURE 2(a).64

S2
E,r

62 122

[Ans. 14-4 V]
 For Difficalt Problems

42. Here, e =2:2 V, V= 1-8 V;R=5S2;r=? 46. Here, E, =20 V;E, =8 V, R, =3S2; R, = 1I Q.
As the batteries are sending the current in
As
R (2:2-1-8) x5 =
10
S2. opposite directions, so, effective emf
18 = 20 -- 8 = 12 V.

43. (a) When = 0, total emf =terninal voltage The internal resistance of batteries are in series
4 E =5.6 Vor E=1-4 of circuit,

From the graph when total resistance, R = R, + R, =3+ l= 42

Effective current, I= 12/4 = 3A
2-8
l=10 A, V=
4
=0.7V (for each cell) VAB = E - IR, =20-3 x 3= 11V
Also VAB = E, +IR, = 8+ 3x1= 11 V.
(b) The output power is maximum, when 36
external resistance = total internal resistance 47. Current through arm CAD, I= = 4A
3+6
=4 r
Pot. diff. between C and A,
totalemf 4E Vc- V=4x3= 12V
total resistance 4r+4r 2r
36
Current through arm CBD, I= = 4A
1-4 6+3
=1A,
2x0-7 Pot. diff. between C and B,
E-V
Vc- VB=4x6= 24 V
(c) Internal resistance of one cell, r= VA- V= (Ve- VE) - (Ve- V)
= 24 - 12 = 12 V
1:4-0-7
= 07 L Total current = 4 + 4 = 8A
1
44. (a)When I=0, total emf =terminal voltage 48. Since galvanometer shows no deflection.
potential difference across R = 2 V. Therefore.
3E = 6-0 V or E= 2-0 V
(b) When I= 10 A, potential difference across 500 Q= 12- 2= 10V.
10
V=
3-0
= 10V (for each cell)
Current through 500 2 = A
500 50
3
If ris the internal As same current flows through R,
resistance of a cell, then
[Link]. 2
E-V 2-1 R= = 100 S2
r= = 1-0 Q current (1/50)
1
49. Here, R = S00 2, r = 42,
The output power is maximum, when external
resistance = internal resistance = 3r As V=-lr or g - V= Ir
3E 2 And
max = 1A. (R+r)
3r+3r 2r 2x1

AE = - V=}r = -Xr
45. Using relation, / = R + ' We haVe R+r

).4 =
Percentage error -x100 = i00
R+r
12+r ...(i)
4
XI00 0-8%.
and 0-25 -- S00 + 4
r t 20 .i)
50. As, V = Ir and I=
On solving (i) and (ii), we shall
get R+r
E= (16/3) V and r=(4/3) 2. .. V IR = [R
R+
 For Difficult Problemns

8X6
18 =
or ...)
6+r
EX12
and 24 = ...ii)
12+r
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
r=6 2 and [ =36 V
when both the switches S,and S, are closed, then
effective external resistance in the circuit will be
6x12
R= =4 2
6+12
&R 36x4
V= = 14-4 V
R+r 4+6